GM Family 1 engine
Encyclopedia
The Family 1 is a straight-4
piston engine that was developed by GM Powertrain
, a subsidiary of Opel
to replace low-displacement versions of GM Family II engine
for use on mid-range cars from Opel
.
This was the first engine in this family, featuring a Lotus
-developed 16 valve cylinder head
and a cast iron
cylinder block
which was essentially the same as in Opel's 8 valve engines. C16XE was available only in Corsa GSi
, model years 1993 and 1994. C16XE was not yet badged Ecotec, and for later model Corsa's and Opel Tigra's
it was replaced with X16XE Ecotec engine. The main difference between C16XE and X16XE Ecotec is emission control, C16XE lacks EGR and AIR-system, although the cylinder head is designed to enable these features. Other differences between C16XE and later versions of the engine include intake manifold, C16XE has a plastic upper intake manifold, which was replaced with a cast aluminium manifold, and fuel injection
system, C16XE uses Multec fuel injection with MAF sensor
and later models used Multec fuel injection with MAP sensor
. Also, while C16XE had its own exhaust front section design, for X16XE it was replaced with a front section used also in Opel Astra, probably as a cost saving measure.
Family 1 C16XE engine is used in:
with aluminum cylinder head
.
Family 1 Ecotec engines are used in:
driven by toothed belt. Features EGR valve and TwinPort variable intake geometry - twin intake ports with a choke closing one of the ports at low RPM, providing strong air swirl pattern for higher torque levels and better fuel economy. The drive belt for the camshafts is wider and stronger than before, and water pump is not driven by it anymore which improves reliability.
Ecotec TwinPort Family 1 engine is used in:
) and integrated catalytic converter
, entered production in Spring 2005. It was based on the lighter cast-iron block, although there's no TwinPort in this version.
An updated 1.6 L TwinPort engine with DCVCP was introduced in 2006.
These engines are manufactured at Szentgotthárd, Hungary.
Ecotec DCVCP engines are used in:
TwinPort is not used in these engines, although DCVCP is used on the intake camshaft.
Turbocharged Family 1 engines are used in:
for their range of Opel
-derived cars such as Daewoo Espero
and Daewoo Nexia
. These engines are built exclusively at Bupyeong engine plant. They feature valvetrain driven by toothed belt, in a DOHC configuration for most versions, and aluminum cylinder head
.
Higher-displacement versions of D-TEC and E-TEC II are indeed Family II engines built by Holden
.
The engine is used in
. Power is 106 hp at 6400 rpm and torque is 105 lbft at 3800 rpm. 6.8 L/100 km
and/or petrol, mixed in any percentage) engines.
GM Brasil also made 16-valve versions of the 1.0, 1.6 and 1.8-liter engines.
The 1.0 L 16v was available in the Corsa line-up from 1999 to 2001. The 1.6 L 16v was available in the Corsa GSi hatchback and the Chevrolet Corsa sedán and station wagon GLS trim. Finally, the 122-hp 1.8 16v was available in the Chevrolet Meriva and Fiat Stilo
.
Straight-4
The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....
piston engine that was developed by GM Powertrain
GM Powertrain
GM Powertrain Engineering Center Torino is a powertrain engineering center founded in 2005.The engineering center is headquartered in Turin, Italy, and is a subsidiary of General Motors....
, a subsidiary of Opel
Opel
Adam Opel AG, generally shortened to Opel, is a German automobile company founded by Adam Opel in 1862. Opel has been building automobiles since 1899, and became an Aktiengesellschaft in 1929...
to replace low-displacement versions of GM Family II engine
GM Family II engine
The Family II is a straight-4 piston engine that was originally developed by Opel in the early 1970s. It was used in the Opel Ascona and Opel Kadett and their corresponding sister models the Vauxhall Cavalier and Vauxhall Astra...
for use on mid-range cars from Opel
Opel
Adam Opel AG, generally shortened to Opel, is a German automobile company founded by Adam Opel in 1862. Opel has been building automobiles since 1899, and became an Aktiengesellschaft in 1929...
.
C16XE
- 1.6 L (1598 cc): 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 109 hp (80 kW).
This was the first engine in this family, featuring a Lotus
Lotus Cars
Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports and racing cars based at the former site of RAF Hethel, a World War II airfield in Norfolk. The company designs and builds race and production automobiles of light weight and fine handling characteristics...
-developed 16 valve cylinder head
Cylinder head
In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head sits above the cylinders on top of the cylinder block. It closes in the top of the cylinder, forming the combustion chamber. This joint is sealed by a head gasket...
and a cast iron
Cast iron
Cast iron is derived from pig iron, and while it usually refers to gray iron, it also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy. White cast iron is named after its white surface when fractured, due...
cylinder block
Cylinder block
A cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder of a reciprocating engine and often some or all of their associated surrounding structures...
which was essentially the same as in Opel's 8 valve engines. C16XE was available only in Corsa GSi
Opel Corsa
The front-wheel drive Opel Corsa was first launched in September 1982 to replace the Opel Kadett C City, and to fill the gap vacated as the Kadett grew in size and price. Built in Zaragoza, Spain, the first Corsas were three-door hatchback and two-door saloon models, with four-door and five-door...
, model years 1993 and 1994. C16XE was not yet badged Ecotec, and for later model Corsa's and Opel Tigra's
Opel Tigra
The Opel Tigra name has been applied to two quite different cars engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel, both based on different iterations of the Corsa supermini, the first built in Spain, the second in France. The first Tigra was a small 2+2 coupé, produced from 1994 to 2000. The...
it was replaced with X16XE Ecotec engine. The main difference between C16XE and X16XE Ecotec is emission control, C16XE lacks EGR and AIR-system, although the cylinder head is designed to enable these features. Other differences between C16XE and later versions of the engine include intake manifold, C16XE has a plastic upper intake manifold, which was replaced with a cast aluminium manifold, and fuel injection
Fuel injection
Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....
system, C16XE uses Multec fuel injection with MAF sensor
Mass flow sensor
A mass air flow sensor is used to find out the mass flowrate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. The air mass information is necessary for the engine control unit to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the engine. Air changes its density as it expands and contracts...
and later models used Multec fuel injection with MAP sensor
MAP sensor
The manifold absolute pressure sensor is one of the sensors used in an internal combustion engine's electronic control system. Engines that use a MAP sensor are typically fuel injected. The manifold absolute pressure sensor provides instantaneous manifold pressure information to the engine's...
. Also, while C16XE had its own exhaust front section design, for X16XE it was replaced with a front section used also in Opel Astra, probably as a cost saving measure.
Family 1 C16XE engine is used in:
- 1993 - 1994 Opel CorsaOpel CorsaThe front-wheel drive Opel Corsa was first launched in September 1982 to replace the Opel Kadett C City, and to fill the gap vacated as the Kadett grew in size and price. Built in Zaragoza, Spain, the first Corsas were three-door hatchback and two-door saloon models, with four-door and five-door...
Ecotec
First generation Ecotec, features DOHC valvetrain driven by toothed belt and a cast-iron cylinder blockCylinder block
A cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder of a reciprocating engine and often some or all of their associated surrounding structures...
with aluminum cylinder head
Cylinder head
In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head sits above the cylinders on top of the cylinder block. It closes in the top of the cylinder, forming the combustion chamber. This joint is sealed by a head gasket...
.
- 1.4 L (1389 cc): 10.5:1 compression, 90 hpHorsepowerHorsepower is the name of several units of measurement of power. The most common definitions equal between 735.5 and 750 watts.Horsepower was originally defined to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses in continuous operation. The unit was widely adopted to measure the...
(66 kW) and 92 ft·lbf (125 N m) of torque. - 1.4 L (1389 cc) (Latin America): 9.3:1 compression, 60 hpHorsepowerHorsepower is the name of several units of measurement of power. The most common definitions equal between 735.5 and 750 watts.Horsepower was originally defined to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses in continuous operation. The unit was widely adopted to measure the...
and 52 ft·lbf of torque. - 1.6 L (1598 cc): 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 100 hp (74 kW) and 111 ft·lbf (150 N m) of torque or 106 hp (78 kW).
- 1.8 L (1796 cc): 80.5 mm (3.17 in) bore, 88.2 mm (3.47 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 115 hp (85 kW), 122 hp (90 kW) or 125 hp (92 kW) and 123 ft·lbf (167 N m) of torque. Later versions features variable intake technology.
Family 1 Ecotec engines are used in:
- 1994–2000 Opel CorsaOpel CorsaThe front-wheel drive Opel Corsa was first launched in September 1982 to replace the Opel Kadett C City, and to fill the gap vacated as the Kadett grew in size and price. Built in Zaragoza, Spain, the first Corsas were three-door hatchback and two-door saloon models, with four-door and five-door...
- 1994–2000 Opel TigraOpel TigraThe Opel Tigra name has been applied to two quite different cars engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel, both based on different iterations of the Corsa supermini, the first built in Spain, the second in France. The first Tigra was a small 2+2 coupé, produced from 1994 to 2000. The...
- 1999–2005 Opel ZafiraOpel ZafiraThe Opel Zafira is a compact MPV engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel. The Zafira is sold under the Vauxhall marque in the United Kingdom.- Zafira A :...
- Opel AstraOpel AstraThe Opel Astra is a small family car engineered and manufactured by the German automaker Opel since 1991.It is branded as Vauxhall Astra in the United Kingdom, the Buick Excelle XT in China and the Chevrolet Astra/Vectra in Latin America...
- Opel VectraOpel VectraThe Opel Vectra is a large family car that was engineered and produced by Opel. In the United Kingdom, the car was sold under the Vauxhall marque as the Vauxhall Cavalier and later as the Vauxhall Vectra, from 1995 onwards...
- Saab 9-3Saab 9-3The first generation 9-3, a substantially improved 'new-generation' Saab 900 was launched in 1998 for the 1999 model year. Saab claimed that 1,100 changes were made, including a revised suspension in an attempt to tighten up the handling characteristics of its predecessor, the Saab 900...
- 2004–2008 Chevrolet Viva
- Opel ZafiraOpel ZafiraThe Opel Zafira is a compact MPV engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel. The Zafira is sold under the Vauxhall marque in the United Kingdom.- Zafira A :...
- 2007–2008 Chevrolet Niva
- Fiat StiloFiat StiloThe Fiat Stilo is a small family car available as a 3-door and a 5-door hatchback, as well as an estate , produced by the Italian automaker Fiat Automobiles. The Stilo 3-door and 5-door were launched in 2001 to replace the Fiat Bravo/Brava, with the Stilo MultiWagon following in 2002...
TwinPort
Updated version introduced in 2002, with lighter cast-iron cylinder block and camshaftCamshaft
A camshaft is a shaft to which a cam is fastened or of which a cam forms an integral part.-History:An early cam was built into Hellenistic water-driven automata from the 3rd century BC. The camshaft was later described in Iraq by Al-Jazari in 1206. He employed it as part of his automata,...
driven by toothed belt. Features EGR valve and TwinPort variable intake geometry - twin intake ports with a choke closing one of the ports at low RPM, providing strong air swirl pattern for higher torque levels and better fuel economy. The drive belt for the camshafts is wider and stronger than before, and water pump is not driven by it anymore which improves reliability.
- 1.6 L (1598 cc): TwinPort, 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 105 hp (77 kW) and 111 ft·lbf (150 N m) of torque.
Ecotec TwinPort Family 1 engine is used in:
- Opel TigraOpel TigraThe Opel Tigra name has been applied to two quite different cars engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel, both based on different iterations of the Corsa supermini, the first built in Spain, the second in France. The first Tigra was a small 2+2 coupé, produced from 1994 to 2000. The...
- Opel AstraOpel AstraThe Opel Astra is a small family car engineered and manufactured by the German automaker Opel since 1991.It is branded as Vauxhall Astra in the United Kingdom, the Buick Excelle XT in China and the Chevrolet Astra/Vectra in Latin America...
- Opel ZafiraOpel ZafiraThe Opel Zafira is a compact MPV engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel. The Zafira is sold under the Vauxhall marque in the United Kingdom.- Zafira A :...
- Opel MerivaOpel MerivaThe Opel Meriva is a compact MPV engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel. The car is sold under the Opel brand on all of the European markets with the exception of the United Kingdom, where it is called the Vauxhall Meriva, and Latin America, where it carried the Chevrolet badge. It...
DCVCP
A variant of 1.8L Family 1 engine featuring Euro IV compliancy, DCVCP (Double Continuous Variable Cam Phasing technology, a variant of VVTVariable valve timing
In internal combustion engines, variable valve timing , also known as Variable valve actuation , is a generalized term used to describe any mechanism or method that can alter the shape or timing of a valve lift event within an internal combustion engine...
) and integrated catalytic converter
Catalytic converter
A catalytic converter is a device used to convert toxic exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine into non-toxic substances. Inside a catalytic converter, a catalyst stimulates a chemical reaction in which noxious byproducts of combustion are converted to less toxic substances by dint...
, entered production in Spring 2005. It was based on the lighter cast-iron block, although there's no TwinPort in this version.
An updated 1.6 L TwinPort engine with DCVCP was introduced in 2006.
These engines are manufactured at Szentgotthárd, Hungary.
- 1.8 L (1796 cc): DCVCP, 80.5 mm (3.17 in) bore, 88.2 mm (3.47 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 140 hp (103 kW) and 129 ft·lbf (175 Nm) of torque, combined fuel economy 7 L/100 km
- A16XER: 1.6 L (1598 cc): DCVCP, TwinPort, 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 115 hp (85 kW) @ 6000 rpm, 155 N·m (114.3 ft·lbf) @4000 rpm, combined fuel economy 6.3 L/100km.
Ecotec DCVCP engines are used in:
- 2005-present Opel ZafiraOpel ZafiraThe Opel Zafira is a compact MPV engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel. The Zafira is sold under the Vauxhall marque in the United Kingdom.- Zafira A :...
- 2007-presentOpel AstraOpel AstraThe Opel Astra is a small family car engineered and manufactured by the German automaker Opel since 1991.It is branded as Vauxhall Astra in the United Kingdom, the Buick Excelle XT in China and the Chevrolet Astra/Vectra in Latin America...
- 2008-2009 Saturn Astra (1.8L LUW)
- 2008-present Chevrolet CruzeChevrolet CruzeThe Chevrolet Cruze is a General Motors automobile, spanning two unrelated models. The original iteration, a subcompact crossover SUV, was manufactured by Suzuki in Japan between 2001 and 2008 under joint venture with GM...
(1.8L LUW) - 2009-present Opel InsigniaOpel InsigniaThe Opel Insignia is a large family car engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel. Production of the Insignia began in 2008 as a replacement for the Opel Vectra. Opel launched the vehicle at the 2008 British International Motor Show in London as the Vauxhall Insignia, reflecting the...
- 2012-present Chevrolet Sonic (1.8L LUW in North America)
Turbo
Turbocharged versions have been available since 2007, and are produced in Szentgotthárd, Hungary.- A16LEL: 1.6 L (1598 cc): turbocharged, 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 8.8:1 compression, 150 PS @5000 rpm, 210 N·m (154.9 ft·lbf) @1850-5000 rpm.
- A16LER: 1.6 L (1598 cc): turbocharged, 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 8.8:1 compression, 192 PS @5000 rpm, 230 N·m (169.6 ft·lbf) @1980-5800 rpm.
- A16LET: 1.6 L (1598 cc): turbocharged, 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 8.8:1 compression, 180 PS @5500 rpm, 230 N·m (169.6 ft·lbf) @2200-5400 rpm, combined fuel economy 6.8 L/100km.
TwinPort is not used in these engines, although DCVCP is used on the intake camshaft.
Turbocharged Family 1 engines are used in:
- 2007 Vauxhall Corsa Gsi
- 2008 Opel CorsaOpel CorsaThe front-wheel drive Opel Corsa was first launched in September 1982 to replace the Opel Kadett C City, and to fill the gap vacated as the Kadett grew in size and price. Built in Zaragoza, Spain, the first Corsas were three-door hatchback and two-door saloon models, with four-door and five-door...
OPC - 2008 Opel CorsaOpel CorsaThe front-wheel drive Opel Corsa was first launched in September 1982 to replace the Opel Kadett C City, and to fill the gap vacated as the Kadett grew in size and price. Built in Zaragoza, Spain, the first Corsas were three-door hatchback and two-door saloon models, with four-door and five-door...
- 2009 Opel InsigniaOpel InsigniaThe Opel Insignia is a large family car engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel. Production of the Insignia began in 2008 as a replacement for the Opel Vectra. Opel launched the vehicle at the 2008 British International Motor Show in London as the Vauxhall Insignia, reflecting the...
- 2010 Saab 9-5Saab 9-5The Saab 9-5 is an executive car produced by the Swedish automobile maker Saab. The first generation was introduced in 1997 as the replacement to the Saab 9000 for the 1998 model year. At the time, the car represented a great leap forward for Saab...
- 2010 Opel AstraOpel AstraThe Opel Astra is a small family car engineered and manufactured by the German automaker Opel since 1991.It is branded as Vauxhall Astra in the United Kingdom, the Buick Excelle XT in China and the Chevrolet Astra/Vectra in Latin America...
J
D-TEC
D-TEC was an older variant of Family 1 SOHC/DOHC engine licensed by Daewoo MotorsGM Daewoo
GM Korea Company is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer and is a division of the General Motors Company. GM Korea's roots go back to the former Daewoo which was split from its parent company, Daewoo Group, in 2001...
for their range of Opel
Opel
Adam Opel AG, generally shortened to Opel, is a German automobile company founded by Adam Opel in 1862. Opel has been building automobiles since 1899, and became an Aktiengesellschaft in 1929...
-derived cars such as Daewoo Espero
Daewoo Espero
The Daewoo Espero is a mid-size car produced by the South Korean company Daewoo Motors from 1990 to 1997. It was technically based on the GM J platform and had the distinction of a body designed by Bertone. It bore more than a passing resemblance to the Citroën Xantia, itself also a Bertone design...
and Daewoo Nexia
Daewoo Nexia
The Daewoo LeMans/Racer is a subcompact car, first manufactured by Daewoo Motors in South Korea between 1986 and 1994. It was replaced by the facelifted Daewoo Cielo—a car mechanically identical to the LeMans, differentiated only by its modified styling cues...
. These engines are built exclusively at Bupyeong engine plant. They feature valvetrain driven by toothed belt, in a DOHC configuration for most versions, and aluminum cylinder head
Cylinder head
In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head sits above the cylinders on top of the cylinder block. It closes in the top of the cylinder, forming the combustion chamber. This joint is sealed by a head gasket...
.
- 1.3 L SOHC - Daewoo LanosDaewoo LanosThe Daewoo Lanos is a subcompact car manufactured by the Korean automaker Daewoo Motor from 1997 to 2002. It was manufactured under license agreements from 1997 to 2008 by Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych in Poland, where it was marketed as the FSO Lanos, from 1998 to present in Ukraine by AvtoZAZ,...
- 1.5 L SOHC/DOHC - Daewoo LanosDaewoo LanosThe Daewoo Lanos is a subcompact car manufactured by the Korean automaker Daewoo Motor from 1997 to 2002. It was manufactured under license agreements from 1997 to 2008 by Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych in Poland, where it was marketed as the FSO Lanos, from 1998 to present in Ukraine by AvtoZAZ,...
, Daewoo EsperoDaewoo EsperoThe Daewoo Espero is a mid-size car produced by the South Korean company Daewoo Motors from 1990 to 1997. It was technically based on the GM J platform and had the distinction of a body designed by Bertone. It bore more than a passing resemblance to the Citroën Xantia, itself also a Bertone design...
, Daewoo NexiaDaewoo NexiaThe Daewoo LeMans/Racer is a subcompact car, first manufactured by Daewoo Motors in South Korea between 1986 and 1994. It was replaced by the facelifted Daewoo Cielo—a car mechanically identical to the LeMans, differentiated only by its modified styling cues... - 1.6 L SOHC - Daewoo NexiaDaewoo NexiaThe Daewoo LeMans/Racer is a subcompact car, first manufactured by Daewoo Motors in South Korea between 1986 and 1994. It was replaced by the facelifted Daewoo Cielo—a car mechanically identical to the LeMans, differentiated only by its modified styling cues...
- 1.6 L DOHC - Daewoo NexiaDaewoo NexiaThe Daewoo LeMans/Racer is a subcompact car, first manufactured by Daewoo Motors in South Korea between 1986 and 1994. It was replaced by the facelifted Daewoo Cielo—a car mechanically identical to the LeMans, differentiated only by its modified styling cues...
, Daewoo LanosDaewoo LanosThe Daewoo Lanos is a subcompact car manufactured by the Korean automaker Daewoo Motor from 1997 to 2002. It was manufactured under license agreements from 1997 to 2008 by Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych in Poland, where it was marketed as the FSO Lanos, from 1998 to present in Ukraine by AvtoZAZ,...
E-TEC II
Updated version of D-TEC. Most models feature Euro III-compliancy, and 1.4 L and 1.6 L (1598cc) DOHC versions employ variable intake geometry.- 1.4 L SOHC - EuropeEuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an Chevrolet Kalos/Chevrolet AveoChevrolet AveoThe Chevrolet Aveo is a subcompact automobile manufactured since 2002, originally by the South Korean General Motors subsidiary, GM Daewoo—and later by other GM-affiliated entities... - 1.5 L (1498cc) SOHC, Euro II - AsiaAsiaAsia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
n, Middle EastMiddle EastThe Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
ern and South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
n versions Chevrolet Lacetti, Chevrolet Nubira and Chevrolet AveoChevrolet AveoThe Chevrolet Aveo is a subcompact automobile manufactured since 2002, originally by the South Korean General Motors subsidiary, GM Daewoo—and later by other GM-affiliated entities...
, CKD kits of Aveo assembled by ZAZZAZZAZ or Zaporizhia Automobile Building Plant is the main automobile-manufacturer of Ukraine, based in the south-eastern city of Zaporizhia. It is also known for its former mother company name, AvtoZAZ... - 1.4 L (1398cc) DOHC - EuropeEuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an Chevrolet Kalos/Chevrolet AveoChevrolet AveoThe Chevrolet Aveo is a subcompact automobile manufactured since 2002, originally by the South Korean General Motors subsidiary, GM Daewoo—and later by other GM-affiliated entities...
, Chevrolet Lacetti and Chevrolet Nubira - 1.6 L (1598cc) DOHC- L91/LXT, 103 hp and 107 ft.lbf of torque, U.S.United StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
version of Chevrolet AveoChevrolet AveoThe Chevrolet Aveo is a subcompact automobile manufactured since 2002, originally by the South Korean General Motors subsidiary, GM Daewoo—and later by other GM-affiliated entities...
, Canadian Pontiac Wave; EuropeEuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an Chevrolet Lacetti and Chevrolet Nubira, Korean Daewoo KalosDaewoo KalosThe Chevrolet Aveo is the first generation of the Chevrolet Aveo, a subcompact automobile manufactured since 2002 by GM Daewoo, the South Korean subsidiary of General Motors — originally marketed as the Daewoo Kalos and prominently marketed as the Aveo...
and Daewoo Gentra - 1.6 L (1598cc) DOHC VVTVariable valve timingIn internal combustion engines, variable valve timing , also known as Variable valve actuation , is a generalized term used to describe any mechanism or method that can alter the shape or timing of a valve lift event within an internal combustion engine...
- LXV
Higher-displacement versions of D-TEC and E-TEC II are indeed Family II engines built by Holden
Holden
GM Holden Ltd is an automaker that operates in Australia, based in Port Melbourne, Victoria. The company was founded in 1856 as a saddlery manufacturer. In 1908 it moved into the automotive field, before becoming a subsidiary of the U.S.-based General Motors in 1931...
.
L91
This is the 1.6 L—1598 cc—variant of the engines, featuring a 79 mm (3.1 in) bore and 81.5 mm (3.2 in) stroke and a compression ratio of 9.5:1. Power is 103 hp at 5800 rpm and torque is 107 lbft at 3400 rpm.The engine is used in
- Daewoo KalosDaewoo KalosThe Chevrolet Aveo is the first generation of the Chevrolet Aveo, a subcompact automobile manufactured since 2002 by GM Daewoo, the South Korean subsidiary of General Motors — originally marketed as the Daewoo Kalos and prominently marketed as the Aveo...
- Daewoo Gentra
- Chevrolet AveoChevrolet AveoThe Chevrolet Aveo is a subcompact automobile manufactured since 2002, originally by the South Korean General Motors subsidiary, GM Daewoo—and later by other GM-affiliated entities...
- Pontiac Wave
LXV
This is a 1.6 L—1598 cc—variant of the engines, featuring a 79 mm (3.1 in) bore and 81.5 mm (3.2 in) stroke and a compression ratio of 10.8:1. The major difference from the L91 is the addition of variable valve timingVariable valve timing
In internal combustion engines, variable valve timing , also known as Variable valve actuation , is a generalized term used to describe any mechanism or method that can alter the shape or timing of a valve lift event within an internal combustion engine...
. Power is 106 hp at 6400 rpm and torque is 105 lbft at 3800 rpm. 6.8 L/100 km
- Daewoo Gentra X
- Chevrolet CruzeChevrolet CruzeThe Chevrolet Cruze is a General Motors automobile, spanning two unrelated models. The original iteration, a subcompact crossover SUV, was manufactured by Suzuki in Japan between 2001 and 2008 under joint venture with GM...
/Daewoo Lacetti Premiere/Holden Cruze
GM do Brasil
GM do Brasil specializes on SOHC, petrol-powered and FlexPower (powered with ethanolEthanol
Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, grain alcohol, or drinking alcohol, is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid. It is a psychoactive drug and one of the oldest recreational drugs. Best known as the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, it is also used in thermometers, as a...
and/or petrol, mixed in any percentage) engines.
- X10YFH - 1.0 L SOHC FlexPower - Chevrolet CeltaChevrolet CeltaThe Chevrolet Celta is a low cost supermini produced by General Motors do Brasil for the Latin American market since 2000. 600,000 Celtas have been built in Gravataí, more than one hundred thousand per year. It is the second cheapest car sold in Brazil, losing only to the Fiat Mille...
, Chevrolet Corsa C and Chevrolet ClassicChevrolet ClassicGeneral Motors used the Chevrolet Classic nameplate for the following vehicles:* The second generation Chevrolet Corsa, produced in Brazil since 2002...
(Corsa B sedan 4 doors). - X14YFH - 1.4 L SOHC FlexPower - Chevrolet Prisma, Chevrolet Corsa C and Chevrolet Meriva.
- X18XE - 1.8 L SOHC FlexPower - Chevrolet Corsa, Chevrolet MontanaChevrolet MontanaThe Chevrolet Montana is a coupe utility sold by Chevrolet in Latin America and emerging markets. The design is a variation of the Opel Corsa, essentially a pickup version of the Opel Combo. In Mexico the vehicle is known as Chevrolet Tornado because of Pontiac using the Montana name for its...
, and Chevrolet Meriva; Fiat PalioFiat PalioThe Fiat Palio is a small family car designed by Fiat as a world car, aimed at developing countries. It is produced in Brazil, Argentina, Turkey, South Africa and China. It is also built under licence in North Korea as the Pyonghwa Hwiparam. Russian ZMA started assembly of Turkish CKD kits in...
, Fiat SienaFiat SienaThe Fiat Siena is the four-door sedan version of the Fiat Palio, a supermini car especially designed for developing countries. The car is similar to Fiat Albea...
, Fiat Palio Weekend, Fiat StradaFiat StradaThe Fiat Strada is a supermini coupé utility version of Fiat's "world car" project, the Palio. It is produced in Brazil and exported from Betim, Minas Gerais to the European Union.-History:...
, Fiat IdeaFiat IdeaThe Fiat Idea is a mini MPV built by the Italian manufacturer Fiat since 2003. The car is based on the Project 188 platform, originally used for the second-generation Fiat Punto. The Idea is noted for its versatile interior, which includes sliding and folding rear seats...
, Fiat PuntoFiat PuntoThe Fiat Punto is a supermini produced by the Italian manufacturer, Fiat, since 1993.-1st generation :Internally codenamed Project 176, the Punto was announced in September 1993 and launched in late 1993 as a replacement for the ageing Fiat Uno. The Fiat Punto was voted European Car of the Year...
and Fiat StiloFiat StiloThe Fiat Stilo is a small family car available as a 3-door and a 5-door hatchback, as well as an estate , produced by the Italian automaker Fiat Automobiles. The Stilo 3-door and 5-door were launched in 2001 to replace the Fiat Bravo/Brava, with the Stilo MultiWagon following in 2002...
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GM Brasil also made 16-valve versions of the 1.0, 1.6 and 1.8-liter engines.
The 1.0 L 16v was available in the Corsa line-up from 1999 to 2001. The 1.6 L 16v was available in the Corsa GSi hatchback and the Chevrolet Corsa sedán and station wagon GLS trim. Finally, the 122-hp 1.8 16v was available in the Chevrolet Meriva and Fiat Stilo
Fiat Stilo
The Fiat Stilo is a small family car available as a 3-door and a 5-door hatchback, as well as an estate , produced by the Italian automaker Fiat Automobiles. The Stilo 3-door and 5-door were launched in 2001 to replace the Fiat Bravo/Brava, with the Stilo MultiWagon following in 2002...
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See also
- GM Family II engineGM Family II engineThe Family II is a straight-4 piston engine that was originally developed by Opel in the early 1970s. It was used in the Opel Ascona and Opel Kadett and their corresponding sister models the Vauxhall Cavalier and Vauxhall Astra...
- GM Family 0 engineGM Family 0 engineThe Family 0 is a family of inline piston engines that was developed by GM Powertrain Torino, a subsidiary of Opel, as a low-displacement engine for use on entry-level subcompact cars from Opel/Vauxhall....
- List of GM engines