Frederick Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond
Encyclopedia
Frederick Charles Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond, 9th Duke of Lennox, 4th Duke of Gordon (5 February 1904 – 2 November 1989) was a British peer
, engineer, racing driver and motor racing promoter.
Freddie Richmond, as he was known, the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
. He was educated at Eton College
and Christ Church, Oxford
. His interest in engineering started at university and afterwards he was apprenticed to Bentley Motors. He began a motor racing
career in 1929 when he took part in the JCC High Speed Trial. In the next year he became a member of the Austin team and won the Brooklands
500 Miles. He created his own team of MG Midgets in 1931 and won the Brooklands Double Twelve race, but then became more involved in the organisational side of motor sport.
He inherited the Dukedoms in 1935, along with the Goodwood Estate and the racecourse. Death duties meant he had to sell the family interests in Scotland, including Gordon Castle, and to settle on the Goodwood Estate
near Chichester
. He designed and flew his own aircraft and served with the Royal Air Force
during the World War II
. For a time he was based in Washington, working for the Ministry of Aircraft Production.
After the war he faced the task of rehabilitating Goodwood, and saw the potential to create a motor racing circuit from the fighter station built at Goodwood during the Second World War. Horse racing was an important part of the Goodwood scene, but he did not share his ancestors' interest in the sport. The Goodwood Circuit
became an important venue in motor racing. However by 1966 the Duke was concerned at the increasing risks involved in motor racing and closed the circuit except for minor club activities and private testing.
The Duke was the longest-serving Vice President
of the Royal Automobile Club
, with which he was associated since 1948. As early as the thirties, he was the motoring correspondent of the Sunday Referee, and became the Founder President of the Guild of Motoring Writers.
The Duke appeared on the 14 December 1958 episode of the American version of What's My Line?
.
. They were married for sixty-one years and had two children:
, engineer, racing driver and motor racing promoter.
Freddie Richmond, as he was known, the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
. He was educated at Eton College
and Christ Church, Oxford
. His interest in engineering started at university and afterwards he was apprenticed to Bentley Motors. He began a motor racing
career in 1929 when he took part in the JCC High Speed Trial. In the next year he became a member of the Austin team and won the Brooklands
500 Miles. He created his own team of MG Midgets in 1931 and won the Brooklands Double Twelve race, but then became more involved in the organisational side of motor sport.
He inherited the Dukedoms in 1935, along with the Goodwood Estate and the racecourse. Death duties meant he had to sell the family interests in Scotland, including Gordon Castle, and to settle on the Goodwood Estate
near Chichester
. He designed and flew his own aircraft and served with the Royal Air Force
during the World War II
. For a time he was based in Washington, working for the Ministry of Aircraft Production.
After the war he faced the task of rehabilitating Goodwood, and saw the potential to create a motor racing circuit from the fighter station built at Goodwood during the Second World War. Horse racing was an important part of the Goodwood scene, but he did not share his ancestors' interest in the sport. The Goodwood Circuit
became an important venue in motor racing. However by 1966 the Duke was concerned at the increasing risks involved in motor racing and closed the circuit except for minor club activities and private testing.
The Duke was the longest-serving Vice President
of the Royal Automobile Club
, with which he was associated since 1948. As early as the thirties, he was the motoring correspondent of the Sunday Referee, and became the Founder President of the Guild of Motoring Writers.
The Duke appeared on the 14 December 1958 episode of the American version of What's My Line?
.
. They were married for sixty-one years and had two children:
, engineer, racing driver and motor racing promoter.
Freddie Richmond, as he was known, the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
. He was educated at Eton College
and Christ Church, Oxford
. His interest in engineering started at university and afterwards he was apprenticed to Bentley Motors. He began a motor racing
career in 1929 when he took part in the JCC High Speed Trial. In the next year he became a member of the Austin team and won the Brooklands
500 Miles. He created his own team of MG Midgets in 1931 and won the Brooklands Double Twelve race, but then became more involved in the organisational side of motor sport.
He inherited the Dukedoms in 1935, along with the Goodwood Estate and the racecourse. Death duties meant he had to sell the family interests in Scotland, including Gordon Castle, and to settle on the Goodwood Estate
near Chichester
. He designed and flew his own aircraft and served with the Royal Air Force
during the World War II
. For a time he was based in Washington, working for the Ministry of Aircraft Production.
After the war he faced the task of rehabilitating Goodwood, and saw the potential to create a motor racing circuit from the fighter station built at Goodwood during the Second World War. Horse racing was an important part of the Goodwood scene, but he did not share his ancestors' interest in the sport. The Goodwood Circuit
became an important venue in motor racing. However by 1966 the Duke was concerned at the increasing risks involved in motor racing and closed the circuit except for minor club activities and private testing.
The Duke was the longest-serving Vice President
of the Royal Automobile Club
, with which he was associated since 1948. As early as the thirties, he was the motoring correspondent of the Sunday Referee, and became the Founder President of the Guild of Motoring Writers.
The Duke appeared on the 14 December 1958 episode of the American version of What's My Line?
.
. They were married for sixty-one years and had two children:
Peerage
The Peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, which constitute the ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system...
, engineer, racing driver and motor racing promoter.
Freddie Richmond, as he was known, the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond, 8th Duke of Lennox, 3rd Duke of Gordon DSO MVO was a British Peer, the son of the 7th Duke by his first wife, Amy Mary Ricardo , daughter of Percy Ricardo, of Bramley Park and Mathilde Hensley. He became duke upon his...
. He was educated at Eton College
Eton College
Eton College, often referred to simply as Eton, is a British independent school for boys aged 13 to 18. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor"....
and Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church or house of Christ, and thus sometimes known as The House), is one of the largest constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England...
. His interest in engineering started at university and afterwards he was apprenticed to Bentley Motors. He began a motor racing
Auto racing
Auto racing is a motorsport involving the racing of cars for competition. It is one of the world's most watched televised sports.-The beginning of racing:...
career in 1929 when he took part in the JCC High Speed Trial. In the next year he became a member of the Austin team and won the Brooklands
Brooklands
Brooklands was a motor racing circuit and aerodrome built near Weybridge in Surrey, England. It opened in 1907, and was the world's first purpose-built motorsport venue, as well as one of Britain's first airfields...
500 Miles. He created his own team of MG Midgets in 1931 and won the Brooklands Double Twelve race, but then became more involved in the organisational side of motor sport.
He inherited the Dukedoms in 1935, along with the Goodwood Estate and the racecourse. Death duties meant he had to sell the family interests in Scotland, including Gordon Castle, and to settle on the Goodwood Estate
Goodwood House
Goodwood House is a country house in West Sussex in southern England. It is the seat of the Dukes of Richmond. Several architects have contributed to the design of the house, including James Wyatt. It was the intention to build the house to a unique octagonal layout, but only three of the eight...
near Chichester
Chichester
Chichester is a cathedral city in West Sussex, within the historic County of Sussex, South-East England. It has a long history as a settlement; its Roman past and its subsequent importance in Anglo-Saxon times are only its beginnings...
. He designed and flew his own aircraft and served with the Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
during the World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. For a time he was based in Washington, working for the Ministry of Aircraft Production.
After the war he faced the task of rehabilitating Goodwood, and saw the potential to create a motor racing circuit from the fighter station built at Goodwood during the Second World War. Horse racing was an important part of the Goodwood scene, but he did not share his ancestors' interest in the sport. The Goodwood Circuit
Goodwood Circuit
Goodwood Circuit is an historic venue for both two- and four-wheeled motorsport in the United Kingdom. The 2.4 mile circuit is situated near Chichester, West Sussex, close to the south coast of England, on the estate of Goodwood House, and completely encircles Chichester/Goodwood Airport...
became an important venue in motor racing. However by 1966 the Duke was concerned at the increasing risks involved in motor racing and closed the circuit except for minor club activities and private testing.
The Duke was the longest-serving Vice President
Vice president
A vice president is an officer in government or business who is below a president in rank. The name comes from the Latin vice meaning 'in place of'. In some countries, the vice president is called the deputy president...
of the Royal Automobile Club
Royal Automobile Club
The Royal Automobile Club is a private club and is not to be confused with RAC plc, a motorists' organisation, which it formerly owned.It has two club houses, one in London at 89-91 Pall Mall, and the other in the countryside at Woodcote Park, Surrey, next to the City of London Freemen's School...
, with which he was associated since 1948. As early as the thirties, he was the motoring correspondent of the Sunday Referee, and became the Founder President of the Guild of Motoring Writers.
The Duke appeared on the 14 December 1958 episode of the American version of What's My Line?
What's My Line?
What's My Line? is a panel game show which originally ran in the United States on the CBS Television Network from 1950 to 1967, with several international versions and subsequent U.S. revivals. The game tasked celebrity panelists with questioning contestants in order to determine their occupations....
.
Marriage and children
He married Elizabeth Grace Hudson on 15 December 1927. She was the daughter of Rev. Thomas William Hudson and his wife Alethea Matheson, and sister of Bishop Noel HudsonNoel Baring Hudson
Noel Baring Hudson DSO MC was an Anglican bishop serving at Labuan and Sarawak, St Albans, Newcastle and Ely....
. They were married for sixty-one years and had two children:
- Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of RichmondCharles Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of RichmondCharles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond, 10th Duke of Lennox and 5th Duke of Gordon is a British Peer. He was styled Lord Settrington until 1935 and Earl of March and Kinrara between 1935 and 1989, and is currently styled His Grace The Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.The son of...
(b. 19 September 1929)
- Lord Nicholas Charles Gordon-LennoxLord Nicholas Gordon-LennoxLord Nicholas Charles "Nicky" Gordon-Lennox, KCMG, KCVO , the younger son of the 9th Duke of Richmond and his wife, Elizabeth, was a British diplomat....
KCVORoyal Victorian OrderThe Royal Victorian Order is a dynastic order of knighthood and a house order of chivalry recognising distinguished personal service to the order's Sovereign, the reigning monarch of the Commonwealth realms, any members of her family, or any of her viceroys...
KCMGOrder of St Michael and St GeorgeThe Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is an order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince Regent, later George IV of the United Kingdom, while he was acting as Prince Regent for his father, George III....
(31 January 1931 – 11 October 2004), married Mary Williamson and had issue. He was the British Ambassador to SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
from 1984 to 1989
External links
Frederick Charles Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond, 9th Duke of Lennox, 4th Duke of Gordon (5 February 1904 – 2 November 1989) was a British peerPeerage
The Peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, which constitute the ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system...
, engineer, racing driver and motor racing promoter.
Freddie Richmond, as he was known, the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond, 8th Duke of Lennox, 3rd Duke of Gordon DSO MVO was a British Peer, the son of the 7th Duke by his first wife, Amy Mary Ricardo , daughter of Percy Ricardo, of Bramley Park and Mathilde Hensley. He became duke upon his...
. He was educated at Eton College
Eton College
Eton College, often referred to simply as Eton, is a British independent school for boys aged 13 to 18. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor"....
and Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church or house of Christ, and thus sometimes known as The House), is one of the largest constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England...
. His interest in engineering started at university and afterwards he was apprenticed to Bentley Motors. He began a motor racing
Auto racing
Auto racing is a motorsport involving the racing of cars for competition. It is one of the world's most watched televised sports.-The beginning of racing:...
career in 1929 when he took part in the JCC High Speed Trial. In the next year he became a member of the Austin team and won the Brooklands
Brooklands
Brooklands was a motor racing circuit and aerodrome built near Weybridge in Surrey, England. It opened in 1907, and was the world's first purpose-built motorsport venue, as well as one of Britain's first airfields...
500 Miles. He created his own team of MG Midgets in 1931 and won the Brooklands Double Twelve race, but then became more involved in the organisational side of motor sport.
He inherited the Dukedoms in 1935, along with the Goodwood Estate and the racecourse. Death duties meant he had to sell the family interests in Scotland, including Gordon Castle, and to settle on the Goodwood Estate
Goodwood House
Goodwood House is a country house in West Sussex in southern England. It is the seat of the Dukes of Richmond. Several architects have contributed to the design of the house, including James Wyatt. It was the intention to build the house to a unique octagonal layout, but only three of the eight...
near Chichester
Chichester
Chichester is a cathedral city in West Sussex, within the historic County of Sussex, South-East England. It has a long history as a settlement; its Roman past and its subsequent importance in Anglo-Saxon times are only its beginnings...
. He designed and flew his own aircraft and served with the Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
during the World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. For a time he was based in Washington, working for the Ministry of Aircraft Production.
After the war he faced the task of rehabilitating Goodwood, and saw the potential to create a motor racing circuit from the fighter station built at Goodwood during the Second World War. Horse racing was an important part of the Goodwood scene, but he did not share his ancestors' interest in the sport. The Goodwood Circuit
Goodwood Circuit
Goodwood Circuit is an historic venue for both two- and four-wheeled motorsport in the United Kingdom. The 2.4 mile circuit is situated near Chichester, West Sussex, close to the south coast of England, on the estate of Goodwood House, and completely encircles Chichester/Goodwood Airport...
became an important venue in motor racing. However by 1966 the Duke was concerned at the increasing risks involved in motor racing and closed the circuit except for minor club activities and private testing.
The Duke was the longest-serving Vice President
Vice president
A vice president is an officer in government or business who is below a president in rank. The name comes from the Latin vice meaning 'in place of'. In some countries, the vice president is called the deputy president...
of the Royal Automobile Club
Royal Automobile Club
The Royal Automobile Club is a private club and is not to be confused with RAC plc, a motorists' organisation, which it formerly owned.It has two club houses, one in London at 89-91 Pall Mall, and the other in the countryside at Woodcote Park, Surrey, next to the City of London Freemen's School...
, with which he was associated since 1948. As early as the thirties, he was the motoring correspondent of the Sunday Referee, and became the Founder President of the Guild of Motoring Writers.
The Duke appeared on the 14 December 1958 episode of the American version of What's My Line?
What's My Line?
What's My Line? is a panel game show which originally ran in the United States on the CBS Television Network from 1950 to 1967, with several international versions and subsequent U.S. revivals. The game tasked celebrity panelists with questioning contestants in order to determine their occupations....
.
Marriage and children
He married Elizabeth Grace Hudson on 15 December 1927. She was the daughter of Rev. Thomas William Hudson and his wife Alethea Matheson, and sister of Bishop Noel HudsonNoel Baring Hudson
Noel Baring Hudson DSO MC was an Anglican bishop serving at Labuan and Sarawak, St Albans, Newcastle and Ely....
. They were married for sixty-one years and had two children:
- Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of RichmondCharles Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of RichmondCharles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond, 10th Duke of Lennox and 5th Duke of Gordon is a British Peer. He was styled Lord Settrington until 1935 and Earl of March and Kinrara between 1935 and 1989, and is currently styled His Grace The Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.The son of...
(b. 19 September 1929)
- Lord Nicholas Charles Gordon-LennoxLord Nicholas Gordon-LennoxLord Nicholas Charles "Nicky" Gordon-Lennox, KCMG, KCVO , the younger son of the 9th Duke of Richmond and his wife, Elizabeth, was a British diplomat....
KCVORoyal Victorian OrderThe Royal Victorian Order is a dynastic order of knighthood and a house order of chivalry recognising distinguished personal service to the order's Sovereign, the reigning monarch of the Commonwealth realms, any members of her family, or any of her viceroys...
KCMGOrder of St Michael and St GeorgeThe Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is an order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince Regent, later George IV of the United Kingdom, while he was acting as Prince Regent for his father, George III....
(31 January 1931 – 11 October 2004), married Mary Williamson and had issue. He was the British Ambassador to SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
from 1984 to 1989
External links
Frederick Charles Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond, 9th Duke of Lennox, 4th Duke of Gordon (5 February 1904 – 2 November 1989) was a British peerPeerage
The Peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, which constitute the ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system...
, engineer, racing driver and motor racing promoter.
Freddie Richmond, as he was known, the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond
Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond, 8th Duke of Lennox, 3rd Duke of Gordon DSO MVO was a British Peer, the son of the 7th Duke by his first wife, Amy Mary Ricardo , daughter of Percy Ricardo, of Bramley Park and Mathilde Hensley. He became duke upon his...
. He was educated at Eton College
Eton College
Eton College, often referred to simply as Eton, is a British independent school for boys aged 13 to 18. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor"....
and Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church or house of Christ, and thus sometimes known as The House), is one of the largest constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England...
. His interest in engineering started at university and afterwards he was apprenticed to Bentley Motors. He began a motor racing
Auto racing
Auto racing is a motorsport involving the racing of cars for competition. It is one of the world's most watched televised sports.-The beginning of racing:...
career in 1929 when he took part in the JCC High Speed Trial. In the next year he became a member of the Austin team and won the Brooklands
Brooklands
Brooklands was a motor racing circuit and aerodrome built near Weybridge in Surrey, England. It opened in 1907, and was the world's first purpose-built motorsport venue, as well as one of Britain's first airfields...
500 Miles. He created his own team of MG Midgets in 1931 and won the Brooklands Double Twelve race, but then became more involved in the organisational side of motor sport.
He inherited the Dukedoms in 1935, along with the Goodwood Estate and the racecourse. Death duties meant he had to sell the family interests in Scotland, including Gordon Castle, and to settle on the Goodwood Estate
Goodwood House
Goodwood House is a country house in West Sussex in southern England. It is the seat of the Dukes of Richmond. Several architects have contributed to the design of the house, including James Wyatt. It was the intention to build the house to a unique octagonal layout, but only three of the eight...
near Chichester
Chichester
Chichester is a cathedral city in West Sussex, within the historic County of Sussex, South-East England. It has a long history as a settlement; its Roman past and its subsequent importance in Anglo-Saxon times are only its beginnings...
. He designed and flew his own aircraft and served with the Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
during the World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. For a time he was based in Washington, working for the Ministry of Aircraft Production.
After the war he faced the task of rehabilitating Goodwood, and saw the potential to create a motor racing circuit from the fighter station built at Goodwood during the Second World War. Horse racing was an important part of the Goodwood scene, but he did not share his ancestors' interest in the sport. The Goodwood Circuit
Goodwood Circuit
Goodwood Circuit is an historic venue for both two- and four-wheeled motorsport in the United Kingdom. The 2.4 mile circuit is situated near Chichester, West Sussex, close to the south coast of England, on the estate of Goodwood House, and completely encircles Chichester/Goodwood Airport...
became an important venue in motor racing. However by 1966 the Duke was concerned at the increasing risks involved in motor racing and closed the circuit except for minor club activities and private testing.
The Duke was the longest-serving Vice President
Vice president
A vice president is an officer in government or business who is below a president in rank. The name comes from the Latin vice meaning 'in place of'. In some countries, the vice president is called the deputy president...
of the Royal Automobile Club
Royal Automobile Club
The Royal Automobile Club is a private club and is not to be confused with RAC plc, a motorists' organisation, which it formerly owned.It has two club houses, one in London at 89-91 Pall Mall, and the other in the countryside at Woodcote Park, Surrey, next to the City of London Freemen's School...
, with which he was associated since 1948. As early as the thirties, he was the motoring correspondent of the Sunday Referee, and became the Founder President of the Guild of Motoring Writers.
The Duke appeared on the 14 December 1958 episode of the American version of What's My Line?
What's My Line?
What's My Line? is a panel game show which originally ran in the United States on the CBS Television Network from 1950 to 1967, with several international versions and subsequent U.S. revivals. The game tasked celebrity panelists with questioning contestants in order to determine their occupations....
.
Marriage and children
He married Elizabeth Grace Hudson on 15 December 1927. She was the daughter of Rev. Thomas William Hudson and his wife Alethea Matheson, and sister of Bishop Noel HudsonNoel Baring Hudson
Noel Baring Hudson DSO MC was an Anglican bishop serving at Labuan and Sarawak, St Albans, Newcastle and Ely....
. They were married for sixty-one years and had two children:
- Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of RichmondCharles Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of RichmondCharles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond, 10th Duke of Lennox and 5th Duke of Gordon is a British Peer. He was styled Lord Settrington until 1935 and Earl of March and Kinrara between 1935 and 1989, and is currently styled His Grace The Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.The son of...
(b. 19 September 1929)
- Lord Nicholas Charles Gordon-LennoxLord Nicholas Gordon-LennoxLord Nicholas Charles "Nicky" Gordon-Lennox, KCMG, KCVO , the younger son of the 9th Duke of Richmond and his wife, Elizabeth, was a British diplomat....
KCVORoyal Victorian OrderThe Royal Victorian Order is a dynastic order of knighthood and a house order of chivalry recognising distinguished personal service to the order's Sovereign, the reigning monarch of the Commonwealth realms, any members of her family, or any of her viceroys...
KCMGOrder of St Michael and St GeorgeThe Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is an order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince Regent, later George IV of the United Kingdom, while he was acting as Prince Regent for his father, George III....
(31 January 1931 – 11 October 2004), married Mary Williamson and had issue. He was the British Ambassador to SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
from 1984 to 1989