FIBA 33
Encyclopedia
FIBA 3x3 basketball is a formalized version of three-on-three basketball
, a form of the game initially developed on inner-city asphalt outdoor courts in the United States
. With over 250 million players worldwide and among the most played recreational sports in the world, 3x3 will become a key motor for the growth of basketball. This variant of the sport is currently being promoted by the sport's worldwide governing body, FIBA
, which began developing it in 2007. The format was first tested at the 2007 Asian Indoor Games
in Macau
, introduced at international level at the 2009 Asian Youth Games
in Singapore
, and made its worldwide competitive debut at the 2010 Youth Olympics
, also in Singapore.
The departures from regular full-court basketball are as follows:
Some similarities to traditional basketball rules are explicitly addressed in the FIBA 3x3 rules:
FIBA Secretary General Patrick Baumann has stated that the rules are a work in progress, but that any changes will not compromise the spirit of street 3-on-3. One change from the original rules was in the number of periods; in the first test event, games were conducted in three 5-minute periods.
. Further test events were held in April 2008 in the Dominican Republic
and October 2008 in Indonesia
. FIBA 3x3 was later contested at the 2009 Asian Youth Games
http://www.singaporesports.sg/ayg2009/ by 19 teams in the boys' tournament and 16 teams in the girls' tournament. All games were held at Anglican High School
, Singapore
http://www.singapore2010.sg/public/sg2010/en.html. FIBA 3x3 basketball was the only form of basketball
at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics
, contested by 20 teams each in the boys' and girls' tournaments. The tournaments were held at the *scape Youth Space, Singapore
.
According to Baumann, enthusiasm for the FIBA 3x3 format in China
is "beyond any imagination", and FIBA 33 tournaments are held "almost every week" in Southeast Asia
.
FIBA is also developing a world ranking system for FIBA 3x3 in consultation with technology companies, as well as statistics professors from a university in FIBA's headquarters country of Switzerland
. Because FIBA 3x3, as a truncated version of the full game of basketball, has an obvious parallel in beach volleyball
, a two-person outdoor variant of volleyball
, FIBA is in regular contact with volleyball's governing body, FIVB
, to learn about the development of beach volleyball since that discipline's debut at the 1996 Olympics
.
FIBA sees FIBA 3x3 as a major vehicle for promotion of the game throughout the world. As Baumann stated in 2008, "The 3-on-3 concept has all the elements and skills required for basketball, it has inspired and will continue to inspire many great players in the future. At the same time, it is the easiest and one of the most effective ways to bring youngsters to basketball, keep them and promote our game. Finally, FIBA 3x3 can and will promote key educational and social values to the next generations." Baumann is also hoping that FIBA 3x3 will be adopted for the Summer Olympics
as early as 2016
or 2020
.http://www.universalsports.com/news-blogs/article/newsid=492338.html?
Basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules...
, a form of the game initially developed on inner-city asphalt outdoor courts in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. With over 250 million players worldwide and among the most played recreational sports in the world, 3x3 will become a key motor for the growth of basketball. This variant of the sport is currently being promoted by the sport's worldwide governing body, FIBA
International Basketball Federation
The International Basketball Federation, more commonly known as FIBA , from its French name Fédération Internationale de Basketball, is an association of national organizations which governs international competition in basketball...
, which began developing it in 2007. The format was first tested at the 2007 Asian Indoor Games
2007 Asian Indoor Games
The 2nd Asian Indoor Games were held in Macau, China from 26 October 2007 to 3 November 2007. Most events of the games took place at the Macao East Asian Games Dome.-Emblem:...
in Macau
Macau
Macau , also spelled Macao , is, along with Hong Kong, one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China...
, introduced at international level at the 2009 Asian Youth Games
2009 Asian Youth Games
The 1st Asian Youth Games was held in Singapore from June 29, 2009 to July 7, 2009 in over 90 sporting events. The plan for the Asian Youth Games was part of Singapore’s bid to stage the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics . The purpose was to allow youths to use the chance to benchmark their performances...
in Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
, and made its worldwide competitive debut at the 2010 Youth Olympics
2010 Summer Youth Olympics
The 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, officially known as the Singapore 2010 Youth Olympic Games , were an international multi-sport event for youths that took place in the city-state of Singapore from 14 to 26 August 2010, in the XXIX Olympiad. They were the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics, a major...
, also in Singapore.
Basic rules
FIBA released its official rules for FIBA 3x3 on June 2, 2010 as a supplement to its official basketball rules. The rules state that regular FIBA rules apply to all situations not specifically addressed in the FIBA 3x3 rules.The departures from regular full-court basketball are as follows:
- Each team consists of four players, of whom three are on the court at any given time, plus one coach.
- The game is played on half of a FIBA regulation court, with one basket.
- A jump ball is not used to start the game. Instead, immediately before the game, a player from one team attempts a three-point shot. If made, the shooter's team will have first possession. Subsequent jump ball situations are governed by the alternating possession rule, with the first such possession going to the team that did not have possession of the ball at the start of the game.
- Instead of the three officials used in full-court basketball, two officials are used, plus a scorer, a timer, and a shot clock operator.
- The game is divided into two periods of 5 minutes each. The winner is the first team to score 33 or more points. If neither team reaches 33 points at the end of regulation, the team with the highest score wins, as in regular basketball. A tie in regulation leads to as many overtimes of 2 minutes as are needed to produce a winner, either by one team being ahead at the end of an overtime or by a team reaching 33 points.
- A 10-second shot clock is used.
- The first person on the offensive team to possess the ball outside the three-point arc must pass the ball to a teammate before a shot can be taken.
- If the defense gains possession of the ball within the two-point area, either by a steal or rebound, the team must first move the ball behind the three-point arc and then pass the ball before being allowed to take a shot.
- Throw-ins take place at a point on the sidelines level with the top of the three-point arc. The thrower may pass to a teammate anywhere on the court. The receiver is not allowed to shoot regardless of his or her location. If in the three-point area, the receiver must pass to a teammate. If in the two-point area, the ball must be dribbled or passed outside the area; once outside the area, the player in possession must pass before the team can attempt a shot.
- DunkingSlam dunkA slam dunk is a type of basketball shot that is performed when a player jumps in the air and manually powers the ball downward through the basket with one or both hands over the rim. This is considered a normal field goal attempt; if successful it is worth two points. The term "slam dunk" was...
is not permitted unless the court has approved breakaway rims. - No timeouts are allowed at any time. (The officials may still stop the game in case of player injury or other dangerous situation, as in the standard FIBA rules.)
Some similarities to traditional basketball rules are explicitly addressed in the FIBA 3x3 rules:
- A player who has committed 5 fouls is disqualified, as in a full-length fullcourt game.
- A team is in a penalty foul situation on its fourth foul in a period, as in the full game. Subsequent non-shooting defensive fouls by that team result in two free throws. Since the main FIBA rules apply unless specifically addressed in the FIBA 3x3 rules, all overtime periods are considered an extension of the second period for purposes of the foul penalty.
FIBA Secretary General Patrick Baumann has stated that the rules are a work in progress, but that any changes will not compromise the spirit of street 3-on-3. One change from the original rules was in the number of periods; in the first test event, games were conducted in three 5-minute periods.
Development
The FIBA 3x3 concept was first developed in 2007, with a demonstration competition held in November of that year at the Asian Indoor Games in MacauMacau
Macau , also spelled Macao , is, along with Hong Kong, one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China...
. Further test events were held in April 2008 in the Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of La Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries...
and October 2008 in Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. FIBA 3x3 was later contested at the 2009 Asian Youth Games
Asian Youth Games
The Asian Youth Games is an international multi-sport event held every four years to complement the current Asian Games. The first Asian Youth Games was hosted by Singapore as a test in preparation for Youth Olympic Games ....
http://www.singaporesports.sg/ayg2009/ by 19 teams in the boys' tournament and 16 teams in the girls' tournament. All games were held at Anglican High School
Anglican High School
Anglican High School is an autonomous, Special Assistance Plan and Government-aided co-educational secondary school in Tanah Merah, Singapore.- History :...
, Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
http://www.singapore2010.sg/public/sg2010/en.html. FIBA 3x3 basketball was the only form of basketball
Basketball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics
Basketball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics was contested by 20 teams each in the boys' and girls' tournament. The tournaments followed the FIBA 33 rules and was held at the Youth Space, Singapore.-Major rules:...
at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics
2010 Summer Youth Olympics
The 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, officially known as the Singapore 2010 Youth Olympic Games , were an international multi-sport event for youths that took place in the city-state of Singapore from 14 to 26 August 2010, in the XXIX Olympiad. They were the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics, a major...
, contested by 20 teams each in the boys' and girls' tournaments. The tournaments were held at the *scape Youth Space, Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
.
According to Baumann, enthusiasm for the FIBA 3x3 format in China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
is "beyond any imagination", and FIBA 33 tournaments are held "almost every week" in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...
.
FIBA is also developing a world ranking system for FIBA 3x3 in consultation with technology companies, as well as statistics professors from a university in FIBA's headquarters country of Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. Because FIBA 3x3, as a truncated version of the full game of basketball, has an obvious parallel in beach volleyball
Beach volleyball
Beach volleyball, or sand volleyball, is an Olympic team sport played by two teams of two players on a sand court divided by a net.Like volleyball, the object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent’s court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent....
, a two-person outdoor variant of volleyball
Volleyball
Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.The complete rules are extensive...
, FIBA is in regular contact with volleyball's governing body, FIVB
Fédération Internationale de Volleyball
The Fédération Internationale de Volleyball , commonly known by the acronym FIVB, is the international governing body for the sport of indoor, beach and grass volleyball.. Its headquarters are located in Lausanne, Switzerland and its current president is Wei Jizhong .- History :The FIVB was founded...
, to learn about the development of beach volleyball since that discipline's debut at the 1996 Olympics
1996 Summer Olympics
The 1996 Summer Olympics of Atlanta, officially known as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad and unofficially known as the Centennial Olympics, was an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1996 in Atlanta, Georgia, United States....
.
FIBA sees FIBA 3x3 as a major vehicle for promotion of the game throughout the world. As Baumann stated in 2008, "The 3-on-3 concept has all the elements and skills required for basketball, it has inspired and will continue to inspire many great players in the future. At the same time, it is the easiest and one of the most effective ways to bring youngsters to basketball, keep them and promote our game. Finally, FIBA 3x3 can and will promote key educational and social values to the next generations." Baumann is also hoping that FIBA 3x3 will be adopted for the Summer Olympics
Summer Olympic Games
The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an international multi-sport event, occurring every four years, organized by the International Olympic Committee. Medals are awarded in each event, with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition that...
as early as 2016
2016 Summer Olympics
The 2016 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad, are a major international multi-sport event to be celebrated in the tradition of the Olympic Games, as governed by the International Olympic Committee...
or 2020
2020 Summer Olympics
The 2020 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad, will be a major international sports and cultural festival, celebrated in the tradition of the Olympic Games....
.http://www.universalsports.com/news-blogs/article/newsid=492338.html?
See also
- Beach volleyballBeach volleyballBeach volleyball, or sand volleyball, is an Olympic team sport played by two teams of two players on a sand court divided by a net.Like volleyball, the object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent’s court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent....
- Limited overs cricket, cricket matches of limited duration, though with full-sized teams
- Rugby sevensRugby sevensRugby sevens, also known as seven-a-side or VIIs, is a variant of rugby union in which teams are made up of seven players, instead of the usual 15, with shorter matches. Rugby sevens is administered by the International Rugby Board , the body responsible for rugby union worldwide...
, a rugby union variant with both fewer players and a shorter duration of play