Estonia

Estonia

Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...

n parliamentary elections, 1920 to form the I Riigikogu

Riigikogu

The Riigikogu is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. All important state-related questions pass through the Riigikogu...

 were held from 27 to 29 November 1920. Those were the first elections by the constitution of 1920. 100 deputies were elected into the new parliament by party lists in 10 regions, by which one party or electoral bloc could put up several lists in one region. Seats were still distributed on the state level, where votes for different lists were summed up by their political affiliation and then seats distributed using d'Hondt formula. Thereafter seats for one party or bloc were distributed between different lists of that political force using the same formula.

Results

Party Political party A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...	Ideology	Votes	%	swing Swing (politics) An electoral swing analysis shows the extent of change in voter support from one election to another. It is an indicator of voter support for individual candidates or political parties, or voter preference between two or more candidates or parties...	MPs Member of Parliament A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...	% of MPs	% of MPs swing
Estonian Labour Party (Eesti Tööerakond)	Centre-left Centre-left Centre-left is a political term that describes individuals, political parties or organisations such as think tanks whose ideology lies between the centre and the left on the left-right spectrum...	99,030	21.1%	3.5%	22	22%	3.2%
Farmers' Assemblies (Põllumeeste Kogud)	Agrarianism Agrarianism Agrarianism has two common meanings. The first meaning refers to a social philosophy or political philosophy which values rural society as superior to urban society, the independent farmer as superior to the paid worker, and sees farming as a way of life that can shape the ideal social values... , conservatism Conservatism Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports, at the most, minimal and gradual change in society. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others oppose modernism...	97,825	20.8%	14.4%	21	21%	14.1%
Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Eesti Sotsiaaldemokraatline Tööliste Partei)	Social democracy Social democracy Social democracy is a political ideology of the center-left on the political spectrum. Social democracy is officially a form of evolutionary reformist socialism. It supports class collaboration as the course to achieve socialism...	80,211	17.1%	15.5%	18	18%	16.3%
Estonian Independent Socialist Workers' Party (Eesti Iseseisev Sotsialistlik Tööliste Partei)	Far-left	50,119	10.7%	10.7%	11	11%	10.9%
Estonian People's Party (Eesti Rahvaerakond)	Centre-right Centre-right The centre-right or center-right is a political term commonly used to describe or denote individuals, political parties, or organizations whose views stretch from the centre to the right on the left-right spectrum, excluding far right stances. Centre-right can also describe a coalition of centrist...	48,927	10.4%	9.9%	10	10%	10.9%
Estonian Christian Peoples Party (Eesti Kristlik Rahvaerakond)	Christian conservatism Christian conservative Christian conservative may refer to political position:*Christian right*Christian agrarian conservatism of Europe...	33,700	7.2%	2.9%	7	7%	2.8%
Central Committee of Tallinn Trade Unions (Tallinna Ametiühisuste Kesknõukogu)	Communism Communism Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...	24,849	5.3%	5.3%	5	5%	5.0%
German-Baltic Party (Saksa-Balti Erakond)	Minority interests Political parties of minorities Ethnic parties aim to represent an ethnic group in a political system, be it a sovereign state or a subnational entity. An alternate designation is 'Political parties of minorities', but they should not be mistaken with regionalist or separatist parties, whose purpose is territorial autonomy.-...	18,444	3.9%	1.5%	4	4%	1.5%
Russian National Union in Estonia (Vene Rahvusline Liit Eestis)	Minority interests Political parties of minorities Ethnic parties aim to represent an ethnic group in a political system, be it a sovereign state or a subnational entity. An alternate designation is 'Political parties of minorities', but they should not be mistaken with regionalist or separatist parties, whose purpose is territorial autonomy.-...	8,620	1.8%	0.6%	1	1%	0.2%
Economic Group (Majandusline Rühm)	Liberalism Liberalism Liberalism is the belief in the importance of liberty and equal rights. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally, liberals support ideas such as constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights,...	4,948	1.1%	1.1%	1	1%	1.0%
Citizens of the Republic of Estonia at lake Peipsi (Eesti Vabariigi Peipsiäärsed kodanikud)	Regional interests Regionalism (politics) Regionalism is a term used in international relations. Regionalism also constitutes one of the three constituents of the international commercial system...	1,344	0.3%	0.3%	—	—	—
Men of Our Mats (Meie Matsi Mehed)	Interest group	614	0.1%	0.1%	—	—	—
Fighting Army of the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariigi Võitlussõjavägi)	Interest group	221	0.0%	0.0%	—	—	—
Jewish Minority (Juudi Vähemusrahvus)	Minority interests Political parties of minorities Ethnic parties aim to represent an ethnic group in a political system, be it a sovereign state or a subnational entity. An alternate designation is 'Political parties of minorities', but they should not be mistaken with regionalist or separatist parties, whose purpose is territorial autonomy.-...	211	0.0%	0.0%	—	—	—
Jewish National Minority (Juudi rahva vähemus)	Minority interests Political parties of minorities Ethnic parties aim to represent an ethnic group in a political system, be it a sovereign state or a subnational entity. An alternate designation is 'Political parties of minorities', but they should not be mistaken with regionalist or separatist parties, whose purpose is territorial autonomy.-...	184	0.0%	0.0%	—	—	—
Christian Group (Kristlik Rühm)	Christian Christianity and politics The relationship between Christianity and politics is a historically complex subject and a frequent source of disagreement throughout Church history, and in modern politics between the Christian right and Christian left.-Foundations:...	168	0.0%	0.0%	—	—	—
Eligible voters of Kuigatsi Parish (Kuigatsi valla hääleõiguslikud kodanikud)	Regional interests Regionalism (politics) Regionalism is a term used in international relations. Regionalism also constitutes one of the three constituents of the international commercial system...	48	0.0%	0.0%	—	—	—
Total valid votes		469,508	100.0%		100
Results of Farmers' Assemblies are compared to the Estonian Country People's Union. Results of the German-Baltic Party are compared to the German Party in Estonia. Results of the Russian National Union in Estonia are compared to the Russian Citizens' Assembly.

• Different sources give slightly different information about the results. Possibly the correct form could also be 4744 (1.0% - 1 seat) for one, and 3876 (0.8% - 0 seats) for another Russian force; the same way some of the other minor lists might be connected/not connected in different ways or named different names.

Sources

• II Riigikogu valimised : 5.-7. mail 1923 / Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo = Élections au parlement : de 5.-7. mai 1923 / Bureau Central de Statistique de l'Estonie - Tallinn : Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo, 1923 (Tallinn : Tallinna Eesti Kirjastus-Ühisus ; Narva : M. Minis)