Endemic birds of Mexico and northern Central America
Encyclopedia
This article is one of a series providing information about endemism
among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds
.
are endemic to the region; however, the following genera are endemic:
In addition in the following genera, high proportions of the member species are endemic to the region:
has defined a number of Endemic Bird Areas and Secondary Areas in this region.
; G, Guatemala
).
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as breeding species:
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as non-breeding species:
The following restricted-range species are also found in the region:
And the following are other species which are near-endemics
The following extinct species were formerly endemic:
Endemic (ecology)
Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, all species of lemur are endemic to the...
among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds
Endemism in birds
An endemic bird area is a region of the world that contains two or more restricted-range species, while a "secondary area" contains one or more restricted-range species. Both terms were devised by Birdlife International....
.
Genus-level endemism
No bird familiesFamily (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
are endemic to the region; however, the following genera are endemic:
In addition in the following genera, high proportions of the member species are endemic to the region:
Endemic Bird Areas
Birdlife InternationalBirdLife International
BirdLife International is a global Partnership of conservation organisations that strives to conserve birds, their habitats and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources...
has defined a number of Endemic Bird Areas and Secondary Areas in this region.
List of species
The following is a list of species endemic to the region (M indicates a species endemic to MexicoMexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
; G, Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...
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The following is a list of species endemic to the region as breeding species:
- Black-vented ShearwaterBlack-vented ShearwaterThe Black-vented Shearwater is a species of seabird. The bird is 30–38 cm in size, with a 76–89 cm wingspan. Formerly considered a subspecies of the Manx Shearwater, its actual relationships are unresolved....
- Townsend's ShearwaterTownsend's ShearwaterTownsend's Shearwater, Puffinus auricularis, is a rare seabird of the tropics from the family Procellariidae.Its relationships are unresolved. Its closest relatives are probably, but not certainly, the Hawaiian Shearwater and possibly the Manx Shearwater...
- Least Storm-petrelLeast Storm-petrelThe Least Storm Petrel is a small seabird of the storm-petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is 13–15 cm in length, with a wingspan of 32 cm. It is the smallest member of the order Procellariiformes...
The following is a list of species endemic to the region as non-breeding species:
The following restricted-range species are also found in the region:
- Colima WarblerColima WarblerThe Colima Warbler, Oreothlypis crissalis, is a New World warbler. It is mainly found in the Sierra Madre Occidental of central Mexico, though its range just barely extends into adjacent southwestern Texas in the Chisos Mountains of Big Bend National Park....
And the following are other species which are near-endemics
- Thicket TinamouThicket TinamouThe Thicket Tinamou or Rufescent Tinamou, Crypturellus cinnamomeus, is a type of Tinamou commonly found in moist forests in subtropical and tropical Central Mexico...
(also found in northwestern Costa Rica) - Slaty-breasted TinamouSlaty-breasted TinamouThe Slaty-breasted Tinamou or Boucard's Tinamou, Crypturellus boucardi, is a type of Tinamou commonly found in lowland moist forests of Central America...
(also found south to northern Costa Rica) - Black Storm-petrelBlack Storm-petrelThe Black Storm Petrel is a small seabird of the storm-petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is 23 cm in length, with a wingspan of 46–51 cm....
(also found in California) - Mexican DuckMexican DuckThe Mexican Duck is a dabbling duck in the genus Anas which breeds in Mexico and the southern USA. Most of the population is resident, but some northern birds migrate south to Mexico in winter....
- Mottled DuckMottled DuckThe Mottled Duck or Mottled Mallard is a medium-sized dabbling duck. It is intermediate in appearance between the female Mallard and the American Black Duck. It is closely related to those species, and is sometimes considered a subspecies of the former, but this is inappropriate .There are two...
- Plain ChachalacaPlain ChachalacaThe Plain Chachalaca, Ortalis vetula, is a large bird in the Cracidae family. It breeds in tropical and subtropical environments from mezquital thickets in the Rio Grande Valley in southernmost Texas, United States to northernmost Costa Rica....
(also found in Texas) - Buffy-crowned Wood-partridgeBuffy-crowned Wood-partridgeThe Buffy-crowned Wood Partridge is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
- Montezuma QuailMontezuma QuailThe Montezuma Quail is a stubby, secretive New World quail of Mexico and some nearby parts of the United States. It is also known as Mearns's Quail, the Harlequin Quail , and the Fool Quail .-Description:At about 22 cm , it is one of the shortest quails of North America, although it weighs 180 g...
- Spot-bellied BobwhiteSpot-bellied BobwhiteThe Spot-bellied Bobwhite, Colinus leucopogon, is a ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family. It is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the Crested Bobwhite, Colinus cristatus...
- Masked Bobwhite
- Scaled QuailScaled QuailThe Scaled Quail , also commonly called Blue Quail or cottontop, is a species of the New World quail family. It is a bluish gray bird found in the arid regions of the Southwestern United States to Central Mexico...
- Gambel's QuailGambel's QuailThe Gambel's Quail, Callipepla gambelii, is a small ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family. It inhabits the desert regions of Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Texas, and Sonora; also New Mexico-border Chihuahua and the Colorado River region of Baja California...
- California QuailCalifornia QuailThe California Quail, Callipepla californica, also known as the California Valley Quail or Valley Quail, is a small ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family...
- Mountain QuailMountain QuailThe Mountain Quail, , is a small ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family. This species is the only one in the genus Oreortyx, which is sometimes included in Callipepla...
The following extinct species were formerly endemic:
- Guadalupe Storm-petrelGuadalupe Storm-petrelThe Guadalupe Storm Petrel is a small seabird of the storm petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is apparently extinct.-Description and ecology:...