Encrinuridae
Encyclopedia
Encrinuridae is a family of trilobite
within the order Phacopida
that lived in what would be Africa
, Asia
, Australia
, Europe
, North America
, and South America
from the middle Ordovician
to the early Devonian
from , existing for approximately .
by Edgecombe (1994). It contains the following genera:
to Lochkovian ages. Locations were varied and stretched from Florentine Valley, Tasmania
to Xinjiang Province, China
to Will County, Illinois
.
Trilobite
Trilobites are a well-known fossil group of extinct marine arthropods that form the class Trilobita. The first appearance of trilobites in the fossil record defines the base of the Atdabanian stage of the Early Cambrian period , and they flourished throughout the lower Paleozoic era before...
within the order Phacopida
Phacopida
Phacopida is an order of trilobite that lived from the Ordovician to the Devonian. It is made up of a morphologically diverse group of related suborders....
that lived in what would be Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
, North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
, and South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
from the middle Ordovician
Ordovician
The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six of the Paleozoic Era, and covers the time between 488.3±1.7 to 443.7±1.5 million years ago . It follows the Cambrian Period and is followed by the Silurian Period...
to the early Devonian
Devonian
The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic Era spanning from the end of the Silurian Period, about 416.0 ± 2.8 Mya , to the beginning of the Carboniferous Period, about 359.2 ± 2.5 Mya...
from , existing for approximately .
Taxonomy
Encrinuridae was named by Angelin (1854). It was assigned to PhacopidaPhacopida
Phacopida is an order of trilobite that lived from the Ordovician to the Devonian. It is made up of a morphologically diverse group of related suborders....
by Edgecombe (1994). It contains the following genera:
- AegrotocatellusAegrotocatellusAegrotocatellus is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida, which existed in what is now Nunavut, Canada. It was named by Adrain and Edgecombe in 1995, and the type species is Aegrotocatellus jaggeri, a species named after British musician Mick Jagger.-External links:* at the Paleobiology...
- AlwynulusAlwynulusAlwynulus is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida, which existed in what is now Scotland. It was described by Tripp in 1967, and the type species is Alwynulus peregrinus.-External links:* at the Paleobiology Database...
- Atractocybeloides
- AtractopygeAtractopygeAtractopyge is a genus of trilobite that lived in what would be Asia and Europe from the middle Ordovician to the early Devonian from 472—412.3 mya, existing for approximately .It contains two species, A. aspera, and A. dentata.-Taxonomy:...
- AvalanchurusAvalanchurusAvalanchurus is an extinct genus of trilobite. It contains three species: A. garfunkeli; A. lennoni; and A. simoni.-External links:* at the Paleobiology Database...
- BalizomaBalizomaBalizoma is a genus of trilobite from the family Encrinuridae. It has only been found in rocks of Silurian age. Its type species, B. variolaris, was named by Alexandre Brongiart in 1822, and is found in Dudley, England,.-Sources:...
- BatocaraBatocaraBatocara is a genus of trilobite in the family Encrinuridae. It was described by D.L. Strusz in 1980. The type species is Batocara bowningi, which was originally described as Encrinurus bowningi by Foerste in 1888. It also contains the species Batocara borenorense and Batocara fritillum.-External...
- BevanopsisBevanopsisBevanopsis is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida, which existed in what is now Virginia, U.S.A. It was described by Cooper in 1953, and the type species is Bevanopsis ulrichi.-External links:* at the Paleobiology Database...
- Billevittia
- Brianurus
- Celtencrinurus
- Coronaspis
- Coronocephalus
- Cromus
- Curriella
- Cybele
- Cybeloides
- Cybelurus
- Dayongia
- Deacybele
- DindymeneDindymeneDindymene is an extinct genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida. It contains two species, D. didymograpti, and D. hughesiae.-External links:* at the Paleobiology Database...
- Distyrax
- Dnestrovites
- Elsarella
- Encrinuroides
- EncrinurusEncrinurusEncrinurus is a genus of trilobite that lived in what would be Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America from the middle Ordovician to the early Devonian from 472—412.3 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- Eodindymene
- Erratencrinurus
- Fragiscutum
- Frammia
- Frencrinuroides
- Johntempleia
- Kailia
- Koksorenus
- Langgonia
- Lasaguaditas
- Libertella
- LyrapygeLyrapygeis an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, approximately 478 to 471 million years ago....
- Mackenziurus
- Mitchellaspis
- Nucleurus
- Oedicybele
- Paracybeloides
- Paraencrinurus
- Parakailia
- Perirehaedulus
- Perryus
- Physemataspis
- Plasiaspis
- Prophysemataspis
- Prostrix
- Rielaspis
- Rongxiella
- Sinocybele
- Staurocephalus
- Stiktocybele
- Struszia
- Tewonia
- Walencrinuroides
- Wallacia
Fossil distribution
Fossils were found in strata dating from the ArenigArenig
In geology, the Arenigian refers both to a time interval during the Lower Ordovician period and also to the suite of rocks which were deposited during this interval.-History:...
to Lochkovian ages. Locations were varied and stretched from Florentine Valley, Tasmania
Tasmania
Tasmania is an Australian island and state. It is south of the continent, separated by Bass Strait. The state includes the island of Tasmania—the 26th largest island in the world—and the surrounding islands. The state has a population of 507,626 , of whom almost half reside in the greater Hobart...
to Xinjiang Province, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
to Will County, Illinois
Will County, Illinois
As of the census of 2000, there were 502,266 people, 167,542 households, and 131,017 families residing in the county. The population density was 600 people per square mile . There were 175,524 housing units at an average density of 210 per square mile...
.
Sources
- Fossils (Smithsonian Handbooks) by David Ward
- Trilobites by Riccardo Levi-Setti
- Invertebrate Palaeontology and Evolution by E.N.K. Clarkson
- Trilobites: Common Trilobites of North America (A NatureGuide book) by Jasper Burns
External links
- Encrinurus in the Paleobiology DatabasePaleobiology Database' is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms.-History:The Paleobiology Database was founded in 2000. It has been funded by the National Science Foundation and the Australian Research Council...