Earl of Mulgrave
Encyclopedia
The title Earl of Mulgrave has been created twice. The first time as a title in the Peerage of England
and the second time as a Peerage of the United Kingdom
.
The first creation was in the Peerage of England in 1626 for Edmund Sheffield, 3rd Baron Sheffield
KG
, who served as Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire
from 1603 to 1619. The Sheffield family descended from Sir Edmund Sheffield
, second cousin of Henry VIII
, who in 1547 was raised to the Peerage of England as Baron Sheffield
of Butterwick and in 1549 was murdered in the streets of Norwich
during Kett's Rebellion
. Upon the 1st Earl's death in 1646 he was succeeded by his grandson Edmund
, who was in turn succeeded by his son John. This 3rd Earl of Mulgrave KG
was a notable Tory
politician of the late Stuart period, who served under Queen Anne
as Lord Privy Seal
and Lord President of the Council
. He was created Marquess of Normanby
in 1694 and Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
in 1703. These titles became extinct on the death of the 2nd Duke
in 1735.
The second creation was in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1812 for Henry Phipps, 3rd Baron Mulgrave
. He was a general
in the Army as well as a prominent politician, and notably served as Foreign Secretary from 1805 to 1806 and as First Lord of the Admiralty from 1807 to 1810. His grandfather William Phipps had married Lady Catherine Annesley, who was the daughter and heiress of James Annesley, 3rd Earl of Anglesey
and his wife Lady Catherine Darnley (an illegitimate daughter of King James II
by his mistress Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester). Lady Catherine Darnley had later married John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
, and hence Henry Phipps, 3rd Baron Mulgrave was the step-great-grandson of the 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby. In 1812 this 3rd Baron Mulgrave was made Viscount Normanby, of Normanby in the County of York and Earl of Mulgrave, both titles in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Upon his death in 1831, the 1st Earl of Mulgrave was succeeded by his eldest son Constantine
. This 2nd Earl of Mulgrave was also a noted politician and served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
and as Home Secretary
. In 1838 he was created Marquess of Normanby
in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. As of 2010, the titles are held by Constantine Phipps, 5th Marquess of Normanby
. Other members of the Phipps family have also gained distinction. The Hon. Sir Charles Phipps
, second son of the 1st Earl, was a prominent court official. Sir Constantine Phipps, son of the Hon. Edmund Phipps, third son of the 1st Earl, was British Ambassador to Belgium from 1900 to 1906, while his son Sir Eric Phipps
was British Ambassador to Germany between 1933 and 1937 and to France between 1937 and 1939. Also, Sir William Phipps
(or Phips), Governor of Massachusetts
, was a member of another branch of the family.
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....
and the second time as a Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
.
Edmund Sheffield, 1st Earl of Mulgrave
Edmund Sheffield, 1st Earl of Mulgrave KG was a British peer and Member of Parliament, who served as Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire from 1603 to 1619 and Vice-Admiral of Yorkshire from 1604 to 1646...
KG
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
, who served as Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire
Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire
- List of Lord Lieutenants :From 1642 until 1660 the position was vacant, however after the Restoration, a separate lieutenant was appointed for each of the three ridings; see Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire, Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire and Lord Lieutenant of...
from 1603 to 1619. The Sheffield family descended from Sir Edmund Sheffield
Edmund Sheffield, 1st Baron Sheffield of Butterwick
Edmund Sheffield, 1st Baron Sheffield, of Butterwick was an English nobleman, the son of Sir Robert Sheffield and his second wife Jane Stanley, daughter of George Stanley, 9th Baron Strange and Joan le Strange, 9th Baroness Strange...
, second cousin of Henry VIII
Henry VIII of England
Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was Lord, and later King, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France...
, who in 1547 was raised to the Peerage of England as Baron Sheffield
Baron Sheffield
Baron Sheffield is a title that has been created four times: once in the Peerage of England, twice in the Peerage of Ireland, and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom....
of Butterwick and in 1549 was murdered in the streets of Norwich
Norwich
Norwich is a city in England. It is the regional administrative centre and county town of Norfolk. During the 11th century, Norwich was the largest city in England after London, and one of the most important places in the kingdom...
during Kett's Rebellion
Kett's Rebellion
Kett's Rebellion was a revolt in Norfolk, England during the reign of Edward VI. The rebellion was in response to the enclosure of land. It began in July 1549 but was eventually crushed by forces loyal to the English crown....
. Upon the 1st Earl's death in 1646 he was succeeded by his grandson Edmund
Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave
Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave was an English peer who supported the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War period....
, who was in turn succeeded by his son John. This 3rd Earl of Mulgrave KG
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
was a notable Tory
Tory
Toryism is a traditionalist and conservative political philosophy which grew out of the Cavalier faction in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. It is a prominent ideology in the politics of the United Kingdom, but also features in parts of The Commonwealth, particularly in Canada...
politician of the late Stuart period, who served under Queen Anne
Anne of Great Britain
Anne ascended the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702. On 1 May 1707, under the Act of Union, two of her realms, England and Scotland, were united as a single sovereign state, the Kingdom of Great Britain.Anne's Catholic father, James II and VII, was deposed during the...
as Lord Privy Seal
Lord Privy Seal
The Lord Privy Seal is the fifth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord President of the Council and above the Lord Great Chamberlain. The office is one of the traditional sinecure offices of state...
and Lord President of the Council
Lord President of the Council
The Lord President of the Council is the fourth of the Great Officers of State of the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord High Treasurer and above the Lord Privy Seal. The Lord President usually attends each meeting of the Privy Council, presenting business for the monarch's approval...
. He was created Marquess of Normanby
Marquess of Normanby
Marquess of Normanby is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.The first creation came in 1694 in the Peerage of England in favour of John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave KG...
in 1694 and Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
Duke of Buckingham and Normanby was a title in the Peerage of England. The full title was Duke of the County of Buckingham and of Normanby but in practice only Duke of Buckingham and Normanby was used....
in 1703. These titles became extinct on the death of the 2nd Duke
Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Normanby was an English nobleman, styled Marquess of Normanby from 1716 to 1721....
in 1735.
The second creation was in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1812 for Henry Phipps, 3rd Baron Mulgrave
Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave
Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave GCB, PC , styled The Honourable Henry Phipps until 1792 and known as The Lord Mulgrave from 1792 to 1812, was a British soldier and politician...
. He was a general
General
A general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
in the Army as well as a prominent politician, and notably served as Foreign Secretary from 1805 to 1806 and as First Lord of the Admiralty from 1807 to 1810. His grandfather William Phipps had married Lady Catherine Annesley, who was the daughter and heiress of James Annesley, 3rd Earl of Anglesey
James Annesley, 3rd Earl of Anglesey
James Annesley, 3rd Earl of Anglesey , succeeded to his Earldom on his father's death in 1690. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford in 1690. His mother was Lady Elizabeth Manners, daughter of John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland...
and his wife Lady Catherine Darnley (an illegitimate daughter of King James II
James II of England
James II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
by his mistress Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester). Lady Catherine Darnley had later married John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, KG, PC , was a poet and notable Tory politician of the late Stuart period, who served as Lord Privy Seal and Lord President of the Council.-Career:...
, and hence Henry Phipps, 3rd Baron Mulgrave was the step-great-grandson of the 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby. In 1812 this 3rd Baron Mulgrave was made Viscount Normanby, of Normanby in the County of York and Earl of Mulgrave, both titles in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Upon his death in 1831, the 1st Earl of Mulgrave was succeeded by his eldest son Constantine
Constantine Phipps, 1st Marquess of Normanby
Constantine Henry Phipps, 1st Marquess of Normanby KG GCB GCH, PC , styled Viscount Normanby between 1812 and 1831 and known as The Earl of Mulgrave between 1831 and 1838, was a British Whig politician and author...
. This 2nd Earl of Mulgrave was also a noted politician and served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland was the British King's representative and head of the Irish executive during the Lordship of Ireland , the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
and as Home Secretary
Home Secretary
The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the Home Office of the United Kingdom, and one of the country's four Great Offices of State...
. In 1838 he was created Marquess of Normanby
Marquess of Normanby
Marquess of Normanby is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.The first creation came in 1694 in the Peerage of England in favour of John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave KG...
in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. As of 2010, the titles are held by Constantine Phipps, 5th Marquess of Normanby
Constantine Phipps, 5th Marquess of Normanby
Constantine Edmund Walter Phipps, 5th Marquess of Normanby is the son of Oswald Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby and Grania Guinness. He was educated at Worcester College, Oxford....
. Other members of the Phipps family have also gained distinction. The Hon. Sir Charles Phipps
Charles Beaumont Phipps
Sir Charles Beaumont Phipps , was a British soldier and courtier.He was the second son of Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave, and was born at the family estate of Mulgrave Castle in 1801. Educated at Harrow, Phipps joined the army by purchasing a commission as an ensign and lieutenant in the Scots...
, second son of the 1st Earl, was a prominent court official. Sir Constantine Phipps, son of the Hon. Edmund Phipps, third son of the 1st Earl, was British Ambassador to Belgium from 1900 to 1906, while his son Sir Eric Phipps
Eric Phipps
Sir Eric Clare Edmund Phipps, GCB, GCMG, GCVO, PC was a British diplomat.-Family and early life:Phipps was the son of Sir Constantine Phipps, later British Ambassador to Belgium, and his wife Maria Jane...
was British Ambassador to Germany between 1933 and 1937 and to France between 1937 and 1939. Also, Sir William Phipps
William Phipps
William Edward "Bill" Phipps is a retired American actor and producer, perhaps best known for his roles in dozens of classic sci-fi and westerns, both film and television, from the late 1940s through the mid 1960s. From then, until his retirement in 2000, his work was mainly in...
(or Phips), Governor of Massachusetts
Governor of Massachusetts
The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the executive magistrate of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States. The current governor is Democrat Deval Patrick.-Constitutional role:...
, was a member of another branch of the family.
Earls of Mulgrave, first creation (1626)
- Other titles: Baron SheffieldBaron SheffieldBaron Sheffield is a title that has been created four times: once in the Peerage of England, twice in the Peerage of Ireland, and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom....
(1547)- Edmund Sheffield, 3rd Baron SheffieldEdmund Sheffield, 1st Earl of MulgraveEdmund Sheffield, 1st Earl of Mulgrave KG was a British peer and Member of Parliament, who served as Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire from 1603 to 1619 and Vice-Admiral of Yorkshire from 1604 to 1646...
(c. 1564–1646), created Earl of Mulgrave in 1626 - Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of MulgraveEdmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of MulgraveEdmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave was an English peer who supported the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War period....
(1611–1658) - John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave (1647–1721), created Marquess of NormanbyMarquess of NormanbyMarquess of Normanby is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.The first creation came in 1694 in the Peerage of England in favour of John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave KG...
in 1694
- Edmund Sheffield, 3rd Baron Sheffield
Earls of Mulgrave, second creation (1812)
- Other titles: Baron MulgraveBaron MulgraveBaron Mulgrave is a title that has been created three times for members of the Phipps family, once in the Peerage of Ireland and twice in the Peerage of Great Britain....
(1767), Baron MulgraveBaron MulgraveBaron Mulgrave is a title that has been created three times for members of the Phipps family, once in the Peerage of Ireland and twice in the Peerage of Great Britain....
(1794), Viscount Normanby (1812)- Henry Phipps, 3rd Baron MulgraveHenry Phipps, 1st Earl of MulgraveHenry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave GCB, PC , styled The Honourable Henry Phipps until 1792 and known as The Lord Mulgrave from 1792 to 1812, was a British soldier and politician...
(1755–1831), created Earl of Mulgrave in 1812 - Constantine Phipps, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave (1797–1863), created Marquess of NormanbyMarquess of NormanbyMarquess of Normanby is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.The first creation came in 1694 in the Peerage of England in favour of John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave KG...
in 1838
- Henry Phipps, 3rd Baron Mulgrave
See also
- Baron SheffieldBaron SheffieldBaron Sheffield is a title that has been created four times: once in the Peerage of England, twice in the Peerage of Ireland, and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom....
- Baron MulgraveBaron MulgraveBaron Mulgrave is a title that has been created three times for members of the Phipps family, once in the Peerage of Ireland and twice in the Peerage of Great Britain....
- Marquess of NormanbyMarquess of NormanbyMarquess of Normanby is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.The first creation came in 1694 in the Peerage of England in favour of John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave KG...
- Duke of Buckingham and NormanbyDuke of Buckingham and NormanbyDuke of Buckingham and Normanby was a title in the Peerage of England. The full title was Duke of the County of Buckingham and of Normanby but in practice only Duke of Buckingham and Normanby was used....