EEF-1
Encyclopedia
eEF-1 is a eukaryotic elongation factor.
Its α and βγ subunits act as counterparts to EF-Tu
and EF-Ts
, respectively
Genes include:
Various species of green algae
, red algae
, chromalveolate
s, and fungi lack the EF-1α gene but instead possess a related gene called EFL (elongation factor-like). Although its function has not be studied in depth, it appears to be similar to EF-1α. Only two organisms are known to have both EF-1α and EFL: the fungus Basidiobolus and the diatom Thalassiosira. The evolutionary history of EFL is unclear. It may have arisen one or more times followed by loss of EFL or EF-1α. The presence in three diverse eukaryotic groups (fungi, chromalveolates, and archaeplastida
) is supposed to be the result of two or more horizontal gene transfer
events.
Its α and βγ subunits act as counterparts to EF-Tu
EF-Tu
EF-Tu is one of the prokaryotic elongation factors.The prokaryotic factor EF-Tu mediates the entry of the aminoacyl-tRNA into a free site of the ribosome. EF-Tu functions by binding an aminoacylated, or charged, tRNA molecule in the cytoplasm...
and EF-Ts
EF-Ts
EF-Ts is one of the prokaryotic elongation factors.EF-Ts serves as the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for EF-Tu , catalyzing the release of guanosine diphosphate from EF-Tu...
, respectively
Genes include:
- EEF1A1EEF1A1Elongation factor 1-alpha 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1A1 gene.In addition to its role in translation, eEF1a has been shown to be play a central role in the nuclear export of proteins...
, EEF1A2EEF1A2Elongation factor 1-alpha 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1A2 gene.-Further reading:...
, EEF1A3 - EEF1B1, EEF1B2EEF1B2Elongation factor 1-beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1B2 gene.-Interactions:EEF1B2 has been shown to interact with EEF1G and HARS.-Further reading:...
, EEF1B3, EEF1B4 - EEF1DEEF1DElongation factor 1-delta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1D gene.-Interactions:EEF1D has been shown to interact with Glycyl-tRNA synthetase, EEF1G and KTN1.-Further reading:...
, EEF1E1EEF1E1Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 epsilon-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1E1 gene.-Further reading:...
, EEF1GEEF1GElongation factor 1-gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1G gene.-Interactions:EEF1G has been shown to interact with RECQL5, EEF1B2, EEF1D, LZTS1, HARS and Leucyl-tRNA synthetase.-Further reading:...
Various species of green algae
Green algae
The green algae are the large group of algae from which the embryophytes emerged. As such, they form a paraphyletic group, although the group including both green algae and embryophytes is monophyletic...
, red algae
Red algae
The red algae are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae, and also one of the largest, with about 5,000–6,000 species of mostly multicellular, marine algae, including many notable seaweeds...
, chromalveolate
Chromalveolate
Chromalveolata is a eukaryote supergroup first proposed by Thomas Cavalier-Smith as a refinement of his kingdom Chromista, which was first put forward in 1981. Chromalveolata was proposed to represent the result of a single secondary endosymbiosis between a line descending from a bikont and a red...
s, and fungi lack the EF-1α gene but instead possess a related gene called EFL (elongation factor-like). Although its function has not be studied in depth, it appears to be similar to EF-1α. Only two organisms are known to have both EF-1α and EFL: the fungus Basidiobolus and the diatom Thalassiosira. The evolutionary history of EFL is unclear. It may have arisen one or more times followed by loss of EFL or EF-1α. The presence in three diverse eukaryotic groups (fungi, chromalveolates, and archaeplastida
Archaeplastida
The Archaeplastida are a major group of eukaryotes, comprising the red and green algae and the land plants, together with a small group called the glaucophytes. The plastids of all of these organisms are surrounded by two membranes, suggesting they developed directly from endosymbiotic...
) is supposed to be the result of two or more horizontal gene transfer
Horizontal gene transfer
Horizontal gene transfer , also lateral gene transfer , is any process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism...
events.