Demographics of Kazakhstan
Encyclopedia
The Demographics of Kazakhstan enumerate the demographic
features of the population
of Kazakhstan
, including population growth, population density
, ethnicity
, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. The adjective to describe people or things from Kazakhstan is Kazakh (though the US State Department uses Kazakhstani). The name of the ethnic majority are Kazakhs.
The proportion of men makes up 48.3%, the proportion of women 51.7%. The proportion of Kazakhs makes up 63.6%, Russians 23.3%, Uzbeks 2.9%, Ukrainians 2.0%, Uygur 1.4%, Tatars 1.2%, Germans 1.1%, others 4.5%.
The population of Kazakhstan increased steadily from 6.1 million in the 1939 census to 16.5 million in the 1989 census. Official estimates indicate that the population continued to increase after 1989, peaking out at 17 million in 1993 and then declining to 15 million in the 1999 census. The downward trend continued through 2002, when the estimated population bottomed out at 14.9 million, and then resumed its growth. Kazakhstan underwent significant urbanization during the first 50 years of the Soviet era, as the share of rural population declined from more than 90% in the 1920s to less than 50% since the 1970s.
As of 2003, there were discrepancies between Westerm sources regarding the population of Kazakhstan. United States
government sources, including the CIA World Fact Book and the US Census Bureau International Data Base, listed the population as 15,340,533, while the World Bank
gave a 2002 estimate of 14,794,830. This discrepancy was presumably due to difficulties in measurement caused by the large migratory population in Kazakhstan
, emigration, and low population density - only about 5.5 persons per km² in an area the size of Western Europe
.
1 Births and deaths until 1979 are estimates.
p=prelimanary results
According to the Kazakhstan Demographic and Health Survey in 1999, the TFR
for Kazakhs was 2.5 and that for Russians was 1.38. TFR in 1989 for Kazakhs & Russians were 3.58 and 2.24 respectively.
(63.1%) and ethnic Russians
(23.7%) with a wide array of other groups represented, including Ukrainians
, Uzbeks
, Germans, Chechens
, Koreans, and Uyghurs
- that is, virtually any group that has ever come under the Russian sphere of influence. This diverse demography is due to the country's central location and its historical use by Russia as a place to send colonists, dissident
s, and minority groups from its other frontiers - one can almost not understand Kazakhstan without understanding population transfer in the Soviet Union
. From the 1930s until the 1950s, both Russian opposition (and such Russians "accused" of being part of the opposition) and certain minorities (esp. Volga German
s, Poles
, Ukrainians
, Crimean Tatars
, Kalmyks
) had been interned in labor camps often merely due to their heritage or beliefs, mostly on collective orders by Joseph Stalin
. This makes Kazakhstan one of the few places on Earth
where normally-disparate Germanic
, Indo-Iranian
, Koreans, Chechen
, and Turkic
groups live together in a rural setting and not as a result of modern immigration. Most of the population speaks Russian; only half of ethnic Kazakhs speak Kazakh fluently, although it is enjoying a renaissance. Both Kazakh
and Russian
languages have official status.
After the fall of the Soviet Union, the German population of Kazakhstan proceeded to emigrate
en masse during the 1990s http://people.freenet.de/Wolf/1993aengl.html, as Germany
is willing to repatriate them. Also much of the smaller Greek
minority took the chance to repatriate to Greece
, so did many Russians move to Russia
. Some groups have fewer good options for emigration but because of the economic situation are also leaving at rates comparable to the rest of the former East bloc.
Demographics
Demographics are the most recent statistical characteristics of a population. These types of data are used widely in sociology , public policy, and marketing. Commonly examined demographics include gender, race, age, disabilities, mobility, home ownership, employment status, and even location...
features of the population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...
, including population growth, population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
, ethnicity
Ethnic group
An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...
, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. The adjective to describe people or things from Kazakhstan is Kazakh (though the US State Department uses Kazakhstani). The name of the ethnic majority are Kazakhs.
Demographic trends
Official estimates put the population of Kazakhstan at 16 500 000 as of April, 2011, of which 46% is rural and 54% urban population. The 2009 population estimate is 6.8% higher than the population reported in the last census from January 1999 (slightly less than 15 million). These estimates have been confirmed by the 2009 population census, and this means that the decline in population that began after 1989 has been arrested and reversed.The proportion of men makes up 48.3%, the proportion of women 51.7%. The proportion of Kazakhs makes up 63.6%, Russians 23.3%, Uzbeks 2.9%, Ukrainians 2.0%, Uygur 1.4%, Tatars 1.2%, Germans 1.1%, others 4.5%.
The population of Kazakhstan increased steadily from 6.1 million in the 1939 census to 16.5 million in the 1989 census. Official estimates indicate that the population continued to increase after 1989, peaking out at 17 million in 1993 and then declining to 15 million in the 1999 census. The downward trend continued through 2002, when the estimated population bottomed out at 14.9 million, and then resumed its growth. Kazakhstan underwent significant urbanization during the first 50 years of the Soviet era, as the share of rural population declined from more than 90% in the 1920s to less than 50% since the 1970s.
Population of Kazakhstan 1939-2009
| Year (January) | Population ('000) | Rural, % | Urban, % | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1939 | 6,081 | 72 | 28 | census |
| 1959 | 9,295 | 56 | 44 | census |
| 1970 | 13,001 | 50 | 50 | census |
| 1979 | 14,685 | 46 | 54 | census |
| 1989 | 16,537 | 43 | 57 | census |
| 1999 | 14,953 | 43 | 57 | census |
| 2002 | 14,851 | 43 | 57 | estimate |
| 2005 | 15,075 | 43 | 57 | estimate |
| 2008 | 15,572 | 47 | 53 | estimate |
| 2009 | 16,005 | 46 | 54 | census |
- Data sources: Population 1939-1999 from demoscope.ru, 2002-2008 from Kazakhstan Statistical Agency web site. Rural/urban shares 1939-1993 from statistical yearbooks, print editions, 2002-2008 from Kazakhstan Statistical Agency web site. 2009 census
As of 2003, there were discrepancies between Westerm sources regarding the population of Kazakhstan. United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
government sources, including the CIA World Fact Book and the US Census Bureau International Data Base, listed the population as 15,340,533, while the World Bank
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programmes.The World Bank's official goal is the reduction of poverty...
gave a 2002 estimate of 14,794,830. This discrepancy was presumably due to difficulties in measurement caused by the large migratory population in Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...
, emigration, and low population density - only about 5.5 persons per km² in an area the size of Western Europe
Western Europe
Western Europe is a loose term for the collection of countries in the western most region of the European continents, though this definition is context-dependent and carries cultural and political connotations. One definition describes Western Europe as a geographic entity—the region lying in the...
.
Births and deaths
| Average population (x 1000) | Live births1 | Deaths1 | Natural change1 | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 6 703 | 252 000 | 97 000 | 155 000 | 37.6 | 14.4 | 25.9 |
| 1951 | 6 831 | 256 000 | 98 000 | 158 000 | 37.5 | 26.3 | |
| 1952 | 7 042 | 264 000 | 101 000 | 163 000 | 37.5 | 26.8 | |
| 1953 | 7 316 | 262 000 | 104 000 | 158 000 | 35.8 | 25.7 | |
| 1954 | 7 637 | 286 000 | 106 000 | 180 000 | 37.5 | 27.7 | |
| 1955 | 7 992 | 300 000 | 109 000 | 191 000 | 37.5 | 12.9 | 28.2 |
| 1956 | 8 371 | 313 000 | 112 000 | 201 000 | 37.4 | 28.8 | |
| 1957 | 8 765 | 326 000 | 115 000 | 211 000 | 37.2 | 29.2 | |
| 1958 | 9 169 | 340 000 | 116 000 | 224 000 | 37.1 | 29.7 | |
| 1959 | 9 581 | 354 000 | 118 000 | 236 000 | 36.9 | 29.9 | |
| 1960 | 9 995 | 371 800 | 121 000 | 250 800 | 37.2 | 11.3 | 30.6 |
| 1961 | 10 480 | 377 000 | 124 000 | 253 000 | 36.0 | 24.1 | |
| 1962 | 10 958 | 368 300 | 127 000 | 241 300 | 33.6 | 22.0 | |
| 1963 | 11 321 | 352 400 | 125 000 | 227 400 | 31.1 | 20.1 | |
| 1964 | 11 610 | 330 500 | 125 000 | 205 500 | 28.5 | 17.7 | |
| 1965 | 11 910 | 320 600 | 124 000 | 196 600 | 26.9 | 9.6 | 16.5 |
| 1966 | 12 185 | 313 500 | 124 000 | 189 500 | 25.7 | 15.6 | |
| 1967 | 12 456 | 307 200 | 123 000 | 184 200 | 24.7 | 14.8 | |
| 1968 | 12 694 | 302 000 | 121 000 | 181 000 | 23.8 | 14.3 | |
| 1969 | 12 900 | 302 200 | 122 000 | 180 200 | 23.4 | 13.9 | |
| 1970 | 13 105 | 306 700 | 121 000 | 185 700 | 23.4 | 9.2 | 17.4 |
| 1971 | 13 320 | 317 400 | 124 000 | 193 400 | 23.8 | 14.4 | |
| 1972 | 13 533 | 318 600 | 125 000 | 193 600 | 23.5 | 14.2 | |
| 1973 | 13 742 | 321 100 | 126 000 | 195 100 | 23.4 | 14.1 | |
| 1974 | 13 955 | 338 300 | 127 000 | 211 300 | 24.2 | 15.1 | |
| 1975 | 14 136 | 343 700 | 127 000 | 216 700 | 24.3 | 8.8 | 15.3 |
| 1976 | 14 279 | 350 400 | 128 000 | 222 400 | 24.5 | 15.6 | |
| 1977 | 14 425 | 349 400 | 128 000 | 221 400 | 24.2 | 15.3 | |
| 1978 | 14 588 | 355 300 | 127 000 | 228 300 | 24.4 | 15.6 | |
| 1979 | 14 753 | 354 320 | 113 687 | 240 633 | 24.0 | 16.3 | |
| 1980 | 14 919 | 356 013 | 119 078 | 236 935 | 23.9 | 8.0 | 15.9 |
| 1981 | 15 096 | 367 950 | 120 974 | 246 976 | 24.4 | 8.0 | 16.4 |
| 1982 | 15 279 | 373 416 | 120 165 | 253 251 | 24.4 | 7.9 | 16.6 |
| 1983 | 15 463 | 378 577 | 123 807 | 254 770 | 24.5 | 8.0 | 16.5 |
| 1984 | 15 647 | 399 403 | 129 796 | 269 607 | 25.5 | 8.3 | 17.2 |
| 1985 | 15 780 | 396 929 | 126 786 | 270 143 | 25.2 | 8.0 | 17.1 |
| 1986 | 15 965 | 410 846 | 119 149 | 291 697 | 25.7 | 7.5 | 18.3 |
| 1987 | 16 167 | 417 139 | 122 835 | 294 304 | 25.8 | 7.6 | 18.2 |
| 1988 | 16 362 | 407 116 | 126 898 | 280 218 | 24.9 | 7.8 | 17.1 |
| 1989 | 16 537 | 382 269 | 126 378 | 255 891 | 23.1 | 7.6 | 15.5 |
| 1990 | 16 670 | 363 335 | 128 787 | 234 548 | 21.8 | 7.7 | 14.1 |
| 1991 | 16 525 | 354 101 | 134 572 | 219 529 | 21.4 | 8.1 | 13.3 |
| 1992 | 16 440 | 338 475 | 137 705 | 200 770 | 20.6 | 8.4 | 12.2 |
| 1993 | 16 381 | 316 263 | 156 317 | 159 946 | 19.3 | 9.5 | 9.8 |
| 1994 | 16 146 | 306 509 | 160 590 | 145 919 | 19.0 | 9.9 | 9.0 |
| 1995 | 15 816 | 277 006 | 168 885 | 108 121 | 17.5 | 10.7 | 6.8 |
| 1996 | 15 578 | 253 175 | 166 028 | 87 147 | 16.3 | 10.7 | 5.6 |
| 1997 | 15 334 | 232 356 | 160 138 | 72 218 | 15.2 | 10.4 | 4.7 |
| 1998 | 15 072 | 222 380 | 154 314 | 68 066 | 14.8 | 10.2 | 4.5 |
| 1999 | 14 928 | 217 578 | 147 416 | 70 162 | 14.6 | 9.9 | 4.7 |
| 2000 | 14 882 | 222 054 | 149 778 | 72 276 | 14.9 | 10.1 | 4.9 |
| 2001 | 14 854 | 221 487 | 147 876 | 73 611 | 14.9 | 10.0 | 5.0 |
| 2002 | 14 854 | 227 171 | 149 381 | 77 790 | 15.3 | 10.1 | 5.2 |
| 2003 | 14 901 | 247 946 | 155 277 | 92 669 | 16.6 | 10.4 | 6.2 |
| 2004 | 15 013 | 273 028 | 152 250 | 120 778 | 18.2 | 10.1 | 8.0 |
| 2005 | 15 147 | 278 977 | 157 121 | 121 856 | 18.4 | 10.4 | 8.0 |
| 2006 | 15 307 | 301 756 | 157 210 | 144 546 | 19.7 | 10.3 | 9.4 |
| 2007 | 15 481 | 321 963 | 158 297 | 163 666 | 20.8 | 10.2 | 10.6 |
| 2008 | 15 672 | 356 575 | 152 706 | 203 869 | 22.8 | 9.7 | 13.0 |
| 2009 | 15 989 | 358 766 | 143 682 | 215 084 | 22.4 | 9.0 | 13.5 |
| 2010 (p) | 16 317 | 366 210 | 145 945 | 220 265 | 22.4 | 8.9 | 13.5 |
1 Births and deaths until 1979 are estimates.
p=prelimanary results
Total fertility rate
Total fertility rate by regions of Kazakhstan: Mangystau - 3,80, South Kazakhstan - 3,71, Kyzylorda - 3,42, Atyrau - 3,29, Jambyl - 3,20, Aqtobe - 2,70, Almaty (province) - 2,65, Almaty (city) - 2,65, City of Astana - 2,44, West Kazakhstan - 2,29, Aqmola - 2,19, East Kazakhstan - 2,07, Qaragandy - 2,04, Pavlodar - 1,98, North Kazakhstan - 1,72, Qostanay - 1,70, Republic of Kazakhstan - 2,65. Thus it can be seen that fertility rate is higher in more traditionalist and religious south and west, and lower in the north and east, where the percentage of Slavic and German population is still relatively high.According to the Kazakhstan Demographic and Health Survey in 1999, the TFR
Total Fertility Rate
The total fertility rate of a population is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if she were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates through her lifetime, and she...
for Kazakhs was 2.5 and that for Russians was 1.38. TFR in 1989 for Kazakhs & Russians were 3.58 and 2.24 respectively.
Ethnic groups
According to the 2009 census there are two dominant ethnical groups in Kazakhstan, they are ethnic KazakhsKazakhs
The Kazakhs are a Turkic people of the northern parts of Central Asia ....
(63.1%) and ethnic Russians
Russians
The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
(23.7%) with a wide array of other groups represented, including Ukrainians
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
, Uzbeks
Uzbeks
The Uzbeks are a Turkic ethnic group in Central Asia. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, and large populations can also be found in Afghanistan, Tajikstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Pakistan, Mongolia and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China...
, Germans, Chechens
Chechen people
Chechens constitute the largest native ethnic group originating in the North Caucasus region. They refer to themselves as Noxçi . Also known as Sadiks , Gargareans, Malkhs...
, Koreans, and Uyghurs
Uyghur people
The Uyghur are a Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia. Today, Uyghurs live primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China...
- that is, virtually any group that has ever come under the Russian sphere of influence. This diverse demography is due to the country's central location and its historical use by Russia as a place to send colonists, dissident
Dissident
A dissident, broadly defined, is a person who actively challenges an established doctrine, policy, or institution. When dissidents unite for a common cause they often effect a dissident movement....
s, and minority groups from its other frontiers - one can almost not understand Kazakhstan without understanding population transfer in the Soviet Union
Population transfer in the Soviet Union
Population transfer in the Soviet Union may be classified into the following broad categories: deportations of "anti-Soviet" categories of population, often classified as "enemies of workers," deportations of entire nationalities, labor force transfer, and organized migrations in opposite...
. From the 1930s until the 1950s, both Russian opposition (and such Russians "accused" of being part of the opposition) and certain minorities (esp. Volga German
Volga German
The Volga Germans were ethnic Germans living along the River Volga in the region of southern European Russia around Saratov and to the south. Recruited as immigrants to Russia in the 18th century, they were allowed to maintain German culture, language, traditions and churches: Lutherans, Reformed,...
s, Poles
Poles
thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
, Ukrainians
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
, Crimean Tatars
Crimean Tatars
Crimean Tatars or Crimeans are a Turkic ethnic group that originally resided in Crimea. They speak the Crimean Tatar language...
, Kalmyks
Kalmyk people
Kalmyk people is the name given to the Oirats, western Mongols in Russia, whose descendants migrated from Dzhungaria in 1607. Today they form a majority in the autonomous Republic of Kalmykia on the western shore of the Caspian Sea. Kalmykia is Europe's only Buddhist government...
) had been interned in labor camps often merely due to their heritage or beliefs, mostly on collective orders by Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was the Premier of the Soviet Union from 6 May 1941 to 5 March 1953. He was among the Bolshevik revolutionaries who brought about the October Revolution and had held the position of first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee...
. This makes Kazakhstan one of the few places on Earth
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...
where normally-disparate Germanic
Germanic peoples
The Germanic peoples are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin, identified by their use of the Indo-European Germanic languages which diversified out of Proto-Germanic during the Pre-Roman Iron Age.Originating about 1800 BCE from the Corded Ware Culture on the North...
, Indo-Iranian
Indo-Iranians
Indo-Iranian peoples are a linguistic group consisting of the Indo-Aryan, Iranian, Dardic and Nuristani peoples; that is, speakers of Indo-Iranian languages, a major branch of the Indo-European language family....
, Koreans, Chechen
Chechen people
Chechens constitute the largest native ethnic group originating in the North Caucasus region. They refer to themselves as Noxçi . Also known as Sadiks , Gargareans, Malkhs...
, and Turkic
Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are peoples residing in northern, central and western Asia, southern Siberia and northwestern China and parts of eastern Europe. They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family. They share, to varying degrees, certain cultural traits and historical backgrounds...
groups live together in a rural setting and not as a result of modern immigration. Most of the population speaks Russian; only half of ethnic Kazakhs speak Kazakh fluently, although it is enjoying a renaissance. Both Kazakh
Kazakh language
Kazakh is a Turkic language which belongs to the Kipchak branch of the Turkic languages, closely related to Nogai and Karakalpak....
and Russian
Russian language
Russian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
languages have official status.
After the fall of the Soviet Union, the German population of Kazakhstan proceeded to emigrate
Emigrate
Emigrate is a heavy metal band based in New York, led by Richard Z. Kruspe, the lead guitarist of the German band Rammstein.-History:Kruspe started the band in 2005, when Rammstein decided to take a year off from touring and recording...
en masse during the 1990s http://people.freenet.de/Wolf/1993aengl.html, as Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
is willing to repatriate them. Also much of the smaller Greek
Greeks
The Greeks, also known as the Hellenes , are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighboring regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world....
minority took the chance to repatriate to Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, so did many Russians move to Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Some groups have fewer good options for emigration but because of the economic situation are also leaving at rates comparable to the rest of the former East bloc.
| Ethnic group |
census 19261 | census 19392 | census 19593 | census 19704 | census 19795 | census 19896 | census 19997 | census 20097 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |||
| Kazakhs Kazakhs The Kazakhs are a Turkic people of the northern parts of Central Asia .... |
3,627,612 | 58.5 | 2,327,625 | 37.8 | 2,794,966 | 30.0 | 4,161,164 | 32.4 | 5,289,349 | 36.0 | 6,534,616 | 39.7 | 8,011,452 | 53.5 | 10,096,763 | 63.1 | ||
| Russians Russians The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries.... |
1,275,055 | 20.6 | 2,458,687 | 40.0 | 3,974,229 | 42.7 | 5,499,826 | 42.8 | 5,991,205 | 40.8 | 6,227,549 | 37.8 | 4,480,675 | 29.9 | 3,793,764 | 23.7 | ||
| Uzbeks Uzbeks The Uzbeks are a Turkic ethnic group in Central Asia. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, and large populations can also be found in Afghanistan, Tajikstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Pakistan, Mongolia and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China... |
129,407 | 2.1 | 120,655 | 2.0 | 136,570 | 1.5 | 207,514 | 1.6 | 263,295 | 1.8 | 332,017 | 2.0 | 370,765 | 2.5 | 456,997 | 2.9 | ||
| Ukrainians Ukrainians Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens... |
860,201 | 13.9 | 658,319 | 10.7 | 762,131 | 8.2 | 930,158 | 7.2 | 897,964 | 6.1 | 896,240 | 5.4 | 547,065 | 3.7 | 333,031 | 2.1 | ||
| Uygurs | 11,631 | 0.2 | 35,409 | 0.6 | 59,840 | 0.6 | 120,784 | 0.9 | 147,943 | 1.0 | 185,301 | 1.1 | 210,377 | 1.4 | 224,713 | 1.4 | ||
| Tatars Tatars Tatars are a Turkic speaking ethnic group , numbering roughly 7 million.The majority of Tatars live in the Russian Federation, with a population of around 5.5 million, about 2 million of which in the republic of Tatarstan.Significant minority populations are found in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan,... |
79,758 | 1.3 | 108,127 | 1.8 | 191,802 | 2.1 | 281,849 | 2.2 | 312,626 | 2.1 | 327,982 | 2.0 | 249,052 | 1.7 | 204,229 | 1.3 | ||
| Germans Germans The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages.... |
51,094 | 0.8 | 92,571 | 1.5 | 659,800 | 7.1 | 839,649 | 6.5 | 900,207 | 6.1 | 957,518 | 5.8 | 353,462 | 2.4 | 178,409 | 1.1 | ||
| Koreans | 42 | 0.0 | 96,453 | 1.6 | 74,019 | 0.8 | 78,078 | 0.6 | 91,984 | 0.6 | 103,315 | 0.6 | 99,944 | 0.7 | 100,385 | 0.6 | ||
| Turks | 46 | 0.0 | 523 | 0.0 | 9,916 | 0.1 | 18,397 | 0.1 | 25,820 | 0.2 | 49,567 | 0.3 | 75,950 | 0.5 | 97,015 | 0.6 | ||
| Azeris | 20 | 0.0 | 12,996 | 0.2 | 38,362 | 0.4 | 56,166 | 0.4 | 73,345 | 0.5 | 90,083 | 0.5 | 78,325 | 0.5 | 85,292 | 0.5 | ||
| Belorussians | 25,584 | 0.4 | 31,614 | 0.5 | 107,463 | 1.2 | 197,592 | 1.5 | 181,491 | 1.2 | 182,601 | 1.1 | 111,924 | 0.7 | 66,476 | 0.4 | ||
| Dungans | 8,455 | 0.1 | 7,415 | 0.1 | 9,980 | 0.1 | 17,283 | 0.1 | 22,491 | 0.2 | 30,165 | 0.2 | 36,945 | 0.2 | 51,944 | 0.3 | ||
| Kurds | 2,387 | 0.0 | 6,109 | 0.1 | 12,299 | 0.1 | 17,692 | 0.1 | 25,425 | 0.2 | 32,764 | 0.2 | 38,325 | 0.2 | ||||
| Tajiks Tajiks Tajik is a general designation for a wide range of Persian-speaking people of Iranic origin, with traditional homelands in present-day Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan... |
7,599 | 0.1 | 11,229 | 0.2 | 8,075 | 0.1 | 7,166 | 0.1 | 19,293 | 0.1 | 25,514 | 0.2 | 25,673 | 0.2 | 36,277 | 0.2 | ||
| Poles Poles thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe... |
3,742 | 0.1 | 54,809 | 0.9 | 53,102 | 0.6 | 61,355 | 0.5 | 61,136 | 0.4 | 59,956 | 0.4 | 47,302 | 0.3 | 34,057 | 0.2 | ||
| Chechens | 3 | 0.0 | 2,639 | 0.0 | 130,232 | 1.4 | 34,492 | 0.3 | 38,256 | 0.3 | 49,507 | 0.3 | 31,802 | 0.2 | 31,431 | 0.2 | ||
| Kyrgyz | 10,200 | 0.2 | 5,033 | 0.1 | 6,810 | 0.1 | 9,474 | 0.1 | 9,352 | 0.1 | 14,112 | 0.1 | 10,925 | 0.1 | 23,274 | 0.1 | ||
| Others | 108,016 | 1.7 | 124,611 | 2.0 | 286,441 | 3.1 | 315,347 | 2.5 | 340,834 | 2.3 | 372,996 | 2.3 | 206,879 | 1.4 | 157,215 | 1.0 | ||
| Total | 6,198,465 | 6,151,102 | 9,309,847 | 12,848,573 | 14,684,283 | 16,464,464 | 14,981,281 | 16,009,597 | ||||||||||
| 1 Excluding the Kara-Kalpak AO; source: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_nac_26.php. 2 Source: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_39.php. 3 Source: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_59.php. 4 Source: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_70.php. 5 Source: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_79.php. 6 Source: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php. 7 Source: http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/Перепись%20рус.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||
Religions
| Respondents' declarations | Number in thousands | Share % |
|---|---|---|
| Islam Islam Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~... |
11,237.9 | 70.19 |
| Christianity Christianity Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings... |
4,190.1 | 26.17 |
| Judaism Judaism Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people... |
5.3 | .03 |
| Buddhism Buddhism Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th... |
14.6 | .09 |
| Other religions | 30.1 | .19 |
| No religious affiliation | 450.5 | 2.81 |
| No answer | 81 | .51 |
| Kazakhstan | 16,009.6 | 100 |