De la Gardie Campaign
Encyclopedia
The De la Gardie Campaign refers to the actions of a 15,000-strong Swedish military unit, commanded by Jacob De la Gardie
and Evert Horn
in alliance with the Russia
n commander Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky
against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
in the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618). The campaign was a result of an alliance between Charles IX of Sweden
and Vasili IV of Russia
, made in Viborg
in 1609, whereby the latter promised to cede the County of Kexholm to Sweden.
The combined Russo-Swedish forces set out from Novgorod late in 1609 and marched towards Moscow
, relieving the Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra
on their way. They dispersed the supporters of False Dmitry II
, who maintained an alternative court in Tushino
near Moscow and challenged the authority of Vasily IV. In the aftermath, some of the Tushino boyars summoned Wladyslaw IV to lay his claim to the Russian throne, while Skopin-Shuisky was poisoned at the behest of his uncle and rival, Prince Dmitry Shuisky
.
When arrived to Moscow in early 1610 this Swedish-Finnish army unit suppressed the rebellion in Moscow organised against Tsar and took control over Moscow.
In June 1610, De la Gardie and Dmitry Shuisky departed from Moscow in order to lift Żółkiewski's Siege of Smolensk
. The campaign ended with most of De la Gardie
's forces being destroyed by the Polish hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski at the Battle of Klushino
in 1610. The De la Gardie Campaign can be considered a prelude to the Ingrian War
.
Jacob De la Gardie
Field Marshal and Count Jacob Pontusson De la Gardie was a statesman and a soldier of the Swedish Empire....
and Evert Horn
Evert Horn
Evert Horn was a Swedish soldier. He was born in Haapsalu. He was appointed Governor of Narva in 1613, and Field Marshal in 1614. He was killed by a bullet during the early days of the Swedish siege of Pskov....
in alliance with the Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n commander Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky
Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky
Prince Mikhail Vasiliyevich Skopin-Shuisky was a youthful Russian statesman and military figure during the Time of Troubles. He was the last representative of a cadet branch of the House of Shuya.-Life:...
against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...
in the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618). The campaign was a result of an alliance between Charles IX of Sweden
Charles IX of Sweden
Charles IX of Sweden also Carl, was King of Sweden from 1604 until his death. He was the youngest son of King Gustav I of Sweden and his second wife, Margaret Leijonhufvud, brother of Eric XIV and John III of Sweden, and uncle of Sigismund III Vasa king of both Sweden and Poland...
and Vasili IV of Russia
Vasili IV of Russia
Vasili IV of Russia was Tsar of Russia between 1606 and 1610 after the murder of False Dmitriy I. His reign fell during the Time of Troubles....
, made in Viborg
Viborg
Viborg may refer to:*Viborg, Denmark, a city in Jutland, Denmark**Viborg Municipality, a Danish municipality named for the city**Viborg County, a former county of Denmark**Diocese of Viborg**Viborg FF, a professional football team based in Viborg...
in 1609, whereby the latter promised to cede the County of Kexholm to Sweden.
The combined Russo-Swedish forces set out from Novgorod late in 1609 and marched towards Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, relieving the Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra
Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra
The Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra was an abortive attempt of the Polish-Lithuanian irregular army supporting False Dmitri II to capture the Trinity Monastery...
on their way. They dispersed the supporters of False Dmitry II
False Dmitry II
False Dmitry II , also called the rebel of Tushino, was the second of three pretenders to the Russian throne who claimed to be Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia, the youngest son of Ivan the Terrible...
, who maintained an alternative court in Tushino
Tushino
Tushino is a former village and town to the north of Moscow, which has been part of the city's area since 1960. Between 1939 and 1960, Tushino was classed as a separate town. The Skhodnya River flows across the southern part of Tushino....
near Moscow and challenged the authority of Vasily IV. In the aftermath, some of the Tushino boyars summoned Wladyslaw IV to lay his claim to the Russian throne, while Skopin-Shuisky was poisoned at the behest of his uncle and rival, Prince Dmitry Shuisky
Dmitry Shuisky
Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Shuisky was a Russian boyar from the Shuisky family, a younger brother to Vasily IV of Russia.As a playmate of young Tsarevich Feodor Ivanovich, Dmitry was said to accompany him day and night in his devout wanderings from monastery to monastery. In 1584, his slandering of...
.
When arrived to Moscow in early 1610 this Swedish-Finnish army unit suppressed the rebellion in Moscow organised against Tsar and took control over Moscow.
In June 1610, De la Gardie and Dmitry Shuisky departed from Moscow in order to lift Żółkiewski's Siege of Smolensk
Siege of Smolensk (1609-11)
The Siege of Smolensk, known as the Smolensk Defense in Russia lasted 20 months between September of 1609 and June of 1611, when the Polish army besieged the Russian city of Smolensk during the Polish-Muscovite War .In September of 1609, the Polish army under the command of King Sigismund III Vasa...
. The campaign ended with most of De la Gardie
Jacob De la Gardie
Field Marshal and Count Jacob Pontusson De la Gardie was a statesman and a soldier of the Swedish Empire....
's forces being destroyed by the Polish hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski at the Battle of Klushino
Battle of Klushino
The Battle of Klushino was fought on 4 July 1610, between forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Grand Duchy of Moscow during the Polish-Muscovite War, part of Russia's Time of Troubles. The battle occurred near the village of Klushino near Smolensk...
in 1610. The De la Gardie Campaign can be considered a prelude to the Ingrian War
Ingrian War
The Ingrian War between Sweden and Russia, which lasted between 1610 and 1617 and can be seen as part of Russia's Time of Troubles, is mainly remembered for the attempt to put a Swedish duke on the Russian throne...
.