Dalnerechensk
Encyclopedia
Dalnerechensk is a town in Primorsky Krai
, Russia
. Population:
It was originally known as Iman , but its Russian name was changed to Dalnerechensk (literally, a place at a far away river) in 1972, as part of a general campaign of asserting Soviet sovereignty in the region. In Chinese, the name "Yiman" continues to be used.
(known until 1972 as the Iman River), near its mouth in the Ussuri River
which here forms the border between Russia and China
. The Chinese border is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the town center. The town is also situated on the Malinovka River
, which joins the Bolshaya Ussurska within town limits.
One can see the spurs of the Sikhote-Alin
ranges from any point of the town in clear weather. Salskaya Hill, an extinct volcano
on the banks of the Bolshaya Ussurka
is also situated close to the town. Closeness of the taiga
and the mineral springs, Lastochka and Shmakovka, numerous lakes and rivers, an abundance of sunny days and a quiet measured life of the town make Dalnerechensk a tourist attraction.
occupied the territory of modern Primorsky Krai, consisting of the Nanai, the Udege, the Evenks
, the Mohe, and other descendants of the Tungus
-speaking people. Prior to this occupation, the area was settled by Yuexi Mohe tribes who were incorporated to Balhae Kingdom under King Seon
's reign (818-830). During the Balhae kingdom period, a town called Yeongju was founded, which was also the administrative center of Anwon Prefecture.
and Vladivostok
; now the eastern section of the Trans-Siberian Railway
. The railway station and settlement were named after the Iman River. The settlement quickly became a timber
center due to the large pine
, fir
and spruce
trees in the area, and received town status in 1917.
The town was heavily damaged during the Russian Civil War
. In May 1920, Sergey Lazo
, Alexey Lutsky, and Vsevolod Sibirtsev—three Bolsheviks taken prisoner by Japanese intervention troops after the Nikolayevsk Incident
—were murdered by the White Army Cossacks at the railway station Muravyovo-Amurskaya near the town. This event was greatly expanded in Soviet propaganda of later years; allegedly the three were burnt alive in the firebox of a steam locomotive
. The village and station at Muravyovo were renamed Lazo, as were a number of other places and streets in the region.
The majority of the monuments in the town are devoted to the events of the Russian Civil War
of 1918-1922 and World War II
.
There is a memorial in the town where frontier-guards who died in 1969 during the Sino-Soviet border conflict on Damansky Island are buried. Sino-Soviet tensions following this event led to a campaign of changing Chinese-derived place names in the region, with the town being renamed Dalnerechensk in 1972.
enterprises, such as JSC
Primorsky DOK, JSC Dalnerechensky Lesokombinat, Cooperate Plant, and others.
The town has a station on the Trans-Siberian Railway
, it is also connected by road to Vladivostok
.
Primorsky Krai
Primorsky Krai , informally known as Primorye , is a federal subject of Russia . Primorsky means "maritime" in Russian, hence the region is sometimes referred to as Maritime Province or Maritime Territory. Its administrative center is in the city of Vladivostok...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Population:
It was originally known as Iman , but its Russian name was changed to Dalnerechensk (literally, a place at a far away river) in 1972, as part of a general campaign of asserting Soviet sovereignty in the region. In Chinese, the name "Yiman" continues to be used.
Geography
The town is located on the left bank of the Bolshaya Ussurka RiverBolshaya Ussurka River
Bolshaya Ussurka River is a river on Russian Far East in Primorsky Krai, a right tributary of Ussuri River....
(known until 1972 as the Iman River), near its mouth in the Ussuri River
Ussuri River
The Usuri ula is a river in the south of the Outer Manchuria and east of Inner Manchuria . It rises in the Sikhote-Alin range, flowing north, forming part of the Sino-Russian border based on the Sino-Russian Convention of Peking in 1860, until it joins the Amur River at Khabarovsk . It is...
which here forms the border between Russia and China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
. The Chinese border is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the town center. The town is also situated on the Malinovka River
Malinovka River (Primorsky Krai)
Malinovka River is a river in Primorsky Krai, Russia, a tributary of Bolshaya Ussurka River.The area of the Malinovka River drainage basin is approximately 6,490 km². It is 274 km in length. Usual depth of river is 0.8-2.0 m....
, which joins the Bolshaya Ussurska within town limits.
One can see the spurs of the Sikhote-Alin
Sikhote-Alin
The Sikhote-Alin is a mountain range in Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krais, Russia, extending about 900 km to the northeast of the Russian Pacific seaport of Vladivostok...
ranges from any point of the town in clear weather. Salskaya Hill, an extinct volcano
Volcano
2. Bedrock3. Conduit 4. Base5. Sill6. Dike7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano8. Flank| 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano10. Throat11. Parasitic cone12. Lava flow13. Vent14. Crater15...
on the banks of the Bolshaya Ussurka
Bolshaya Ussurka River
Bolshaya Ussurka River is a river on Russian Far East in Primorsky Krai, a right tributary of Ussuri River....
is also situated close to the town. Closeness of the taiga
Taiga
Taiga , also known as the boreal forest, is a biome characterized by coniferous forests.Taiga is the world's largest terrestrial biome. In North America it covers most of inland Canada and Alaska as well as parts of the extreme northern continental United States and is known as the Northwoods...
and the mineral springs, Lastochka and Shmakovka, numerous lakes and rivers, an abundance of sunny days and a quiet measured life of the town make Dalnerechensk a tourist attraction.
Medieval history
In middle of the ninth century, the kingdom of BalhaeBalhae
Balhae was a Manchurian kingdom established after the fall of Goguryeo. After Goguryeo's capital and southern territories fell to Unified Silla, Dae Jo-yeong, a Mohe general, whose father was Dae Jung-sang, established Jin , later called Balhae.Balhae occupied southern parts of Manchuria and...
occupied the territory of modern Primorsky Krai, consisting of the Nanai, the Udege, the Evenks
Evenks
The Evenks are a Tungusic people of Northern Asia. In Russia, the Evenks are recognized as one of the Indigenous peoples of the Russian North, with a population of 35,527...
, the Mohe, and other descendants of the Tungus
Tungusic languages
The Tungusic languages form a language family spoken in Eastern Siberia and Manchuria by Tungusic peoples. Many Tungusic languages are endangered, and the long-term future of the family is uncertain...
-speaking people. Prior to this occupation, the area was settled by Yuexi Mohe tribes who were incorporated to Balhae Kingdom under King Seon
Seon of Balhae
Dae Insu, also known as King Seon was the 10th king of the Korean kingdom of Balhae. He restored national strength, and is remembered today as the last of the great Balhae rulers before its fall.- Background :...
's reign (818-830). During the Balhae kingdom period, a town called Yeongju was founded, which was also the administrative center of Anwon Prefecture.
Modern history
The current settlement was founded by the Cossacks in 1894 in conjunction with the construction of the railway between KhabarovskKhabarovsk
Khabarovsk is the largest city and the administrative center of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It is located some from the Chinese border. It is the second largest city in the Russian Far East, after Vladivostok. The city became the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia...
and Vladivostok
Vladivostok
The city is located in the southern extremity of Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula, which is about 30 km long and approximately 12 km wide.The highest point is Mount Kholodilnik, the height of which is 257 m...
; now the eastern section of the Trans-Siberian Railway
Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and the Sea of Japan. It is the longest railway in the world...
. The railway station and settlement were named after the Iman River. The settlement quickly became a timber
Timber
Timber may refer to:* Timber, a term common in the United Kingdom and Australia for wood materials * Timber, Oregon, an unincorporated community in the U.S...
center due to the large pine
Pine
Pines are trees in the genus Pinus ,in the family Pinaceae. They make up the monotypic subfamily Pinoideae. There are about 115 species of pine, although different authorities accept between 105 and 125 species.-Etymology:...
, fir
Fir
Firs are a genus of 48–55 species of evergreen conifers in the family Pinaceae. They are found through much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa, occurring in mountains over most of the range...
and spruce
Spruce
A spruce is a tree of the genus Picea , a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the Family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal regions of the earth. Spruces are large trees, from tall when mature, and can be distinguished by their whorled branches and conical...
trees in the area, and received town status in 1917.
The town was heavily damaged during the Russian Civil War
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a...
. In May 1920, Sergey Lazo
Sergey Lazo
Sergey Geogriyevich Lazo was a Communist leader in the October 1917 Revolution in the Russian Far East.Lazo was born in the village of Piatra, Orhei, now in Orhei district, Moldova. He was of boyar origin...
, Alexey Lutsky, and Vsevolod Sibirtsev—three Bolsheviks taken prisoner by Japanese intervention troops after the Nikolayevsk Incident
Nikolayevsk Incident
The was a series of events from February through March 1920 during the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, cumulating in the massacre of several hundred Japanese expatriates and most of the Russian inhabitants of the town of Nikolayevsk-on-Amur in the Russian Far East.Nikolayevsk-on-Amur...
—were murdered by the White Army Cossacks at the railway station Muravyovo-Amurskaya near the town. This event was greatly expanded in Soviet propaganda of later years; allegedly the three were burnt alive in the firebox of a steam locomotive
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
. The village and station at Muravyovo were renamed Lazo, as were a number of other places and streets in the region.
The majority of the monuments in the town are devoted to the events of the Russian Civil War
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a...
of 1918-1922 and World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
There is a memorial in the town where frontier-guards who died in 1969 during the Sino-Soviet border conflict on Damansky Island are buried. Sino-Soviet tensions following this event led to a campaign of changing Chinese-derived place names in the region, with the town being renamed Dalnerechensk in 1972.
Economy and infrastructure
The economy of the town is mainly represented by woodworkingWoodworking
Woodworking is the process of building, making or carving something using wood.-History:Along with stone, mud, and animal parts, wood was one of the first materials worked by early humans. Microwear analysis of the Mousterian stone tools used by the Neanderthals show that many were used to work wood...
enterprises, such as JSC
Joint stock company
A joint-stock company is a type of corporation or partnership involving two or more individuals that own shares of stock in the company...
Primorsky DOK, JSC Dalnerechensky Lesokombinat, Cooperate Plant, and others.
The town has a station on the Trans-Siberian Railway
Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and the Sea of Japan. It is the longest railway in the world...
, it is also connected by road to Vladivostok
Vladivostok
The city is located in the southern extremity of Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula, which is about 30 km long and approximately 12 km wide.The highest point is Mount Kholodilnik, the height of which is 257 m...
.
