Counties of New Brunswick
Encyclopedia
County
A county is a jurisdiction of local government in certain modern nations. Historically in mainland Europe, the original French term, comté, and its equivalents in other languages denoted a jurisdiction under the sovereignty of a count A county is a jurisdiction of local government in certain...
in the Canadian
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
province of New Brunswick
New Brunswick
New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only province in the federation that is constitutionally bilingual . The provincial capital is Fredericton and Saint John is the most populous city. Greater Moncton is the largest Census Metropolitan Area...
, with shire towns in parentheses. Since 1966, counties in New Brunswick serve virtually no purpose except the court system, and as geographical expressions of location (i.e., most citizens always know which county they are in). They still appear on most maps. Prior to Equal Opportunity
New Brunswick Equal Opportunity program
The Equal Opportunity program in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was created to ensure equal services would be provided to citizens in all parts of the province regardless of the wealth in the area....
in 1966, counties were the uppermost of the complicated three-tiered
Tier
TIER may refer to:* Taiwan Institute of Economic Research, one of two major economic research institutes in TaiwanTier may refer to:* a layer or ranking or classification-group in any real or imagined hierarchy...
local government
Local government
Local government refers collectively to administrative authorities over areas that are smaller than a state.The term is used to contrast with offices at nation-state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or federal government...
system in New Brunswick. Below each county were numerous parishes, then municipalities for some areas, while some went only as far down as the parish. See List of parishes in New Brunswick also. All municipalities were subordinate to the parish they were located within, and the parish to the county. The only exception to this was the City of Saint John which was the only municipality not to be in a parish. It was however, in St. John County.
- Albert County, New BrunswickAlbert County, New BrunswickAlbert County is located in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada on the Chignecto Bay of the Bay of Fundy. Prior to the abolition of county government in 1967, the county seat was Hopewell Cape...
, formed in 1845 from part of Westmorland County (Hopewell Cape) and a small part of Saint John County - Carleton County, New BrunswickCarleton County, New BrunswickCarleton County is located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada.The county is located in western New Brunswick, it borders on the west, the State of Maine; on the south, York County; on the north, Victoria County and is bisected by the Saint John River. Potato farming is a major industry...
, formed in 1833 from part of York County (WoodstockWoodstock, New BrunswickWoodstock is a Canadian town in Carleton County, New Brunswick located on the west bank of the Saint John River at the mouth of the Meduxnekeag River, 92 km west of Fredericton and close to the Canada – United States border and Houlton, Maine.- History :Woodstock was settled by Loyalists...
) - Charlotte County, New BrunswickCharlotte County, New BrunswickCharlotte County is located in the southwestern portion of New Brunswick, Canada.In most of the county, fishing and aquaculture dominate the local economy, although the town of St. Andrews is a tourist mecca and St...
, one of the original 8 counties (St. AndrewsSt. Andrews, New BrunswickSt. Andrews is a Canadian town in Charlotte County, New Brunswick.It is sometimes referred to in tourism marketing by its unofficial nickname "St. Andrews-by-the-sea".-Geography:St...
) - Gloucester County, New BrunswickGloucester County, New BrunswickGloucester County is located in the northeastern corner of New Brunswick, Canada. Fishing, mining and forestry are the major industries in the county...
, formed in 1826 from part of Northumberland County (BathurstBathurst, New BrunswickBathurst is a Canadian city in Gloucester County, New Brunswick.Bathurst is situated on Bathurst Harbour, an estuary at the mouth of the Nepisiguit River at the southernmost part of Chaleur Bay....
) - Kent County, New BrunswickKent County, New BrunswickKent County is located in east-central New Brunswick, Canada. The county features a unique blend of cultures including Mi'kmaq, Acadian and English Speaking Settlers...
, formed in 1814 from part of Northumberland County (RichibuctoRichibucto, New BrunswickRichibucto is a Canadian town in Kent County, New Brunswick.The town is situated on the Richibucto River where it discharges into the Northumberland Strait. The town takes its name from a Mi'kmaq term meaning "river of fire"....
) - Kings County, New BrunswickKings County, New BrunswickKings County is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada.Both the Saint John and Kennebecasis rivers pass through the county.Dairy farming is an important industry in the area...
, one of the original 8 counties (HamptonHampton, New BrunswickHampton is a Canadian town in Kings County, New Brunswick.Located on the Kennebecasis River 30 kilometres northeast of Saint John, Hampton is the shire town of Kings County...
) - Madawaska County, New BrunswickMadawaska County, New BrunswickMadawaska County , also known as the "New Brunswick Panhandle", is located in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada. Over 90% of the county's population speaks French...
, formed in 1873 from part of Victoria County (Edmundston) - Northumberland County, New BrunswickNorthumberland County, New BrunswickNorthumberland County , having the largest area of any county in the province, is located in northeastern New Brunswick, Canada.-Geography:Northumberland County is covered by thick forests, whose products stimulate the economy...
, one of the original 8 counties (NewcastleNewcastle, New BrunswickNewcastle is a Canadian urban neighbourhood in the city of Miramichi, New Brunswick.Prior to municipal amalgamation in 1995, it was an incorporated town and the shire town of Northumberland County....
, now part of MiramichiMiramichi, New BrunswickMiramichi is the largest city in northern New Brunswick, Canada. It is situated at the mouth of the Miramichi River where it enters Miramichi Bay...
) - Queens County, New BrunswickQueens County, New BrunswickQueens County is located in central New Brunswick, Canada.-Geography:The county's geography is dominated by the Saint John River and Grand Lake. Coal mining is a major industry in the Minto area. Forestry and mixed farming dominate the rest of the county...
, one of the original 8 counties (GagetownGagetown, New BrunswickGagetown is a Canadian village in Queens County, New Brunswick. It is situated on the west bank of the Saint John River and is the county's shire town.-Acadians:...
) - Restigouche County, New BrunswickRestigouche County, New BrunswickRestigouche County is located in north-central New Brunswick, Canada. The county is named for the Restigouche River which flows through the county and is famous for its salmon pools, which have attracted wealthy American and Canadian tourists to the region's summer colonies for decades...
, formed in 1837 from part of Gloucester County (DalhousieDalhousie, New BrunswickDalhousie is a Canadian town located in Restigouche County, New Brunswick.- History :Dalhousie is the shire town of Restigouche County and dates European settlement to 1800. The Town of Dalhousie has been through some very distinct periods between its founding in 1825 and today...
) - Saint John County, New BrunswickSaint John County, New BrunswickSt. John County is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. The city of Saint John dominates the county. In the rest of the county, tourists flock to see the many scenic views on the Bay of Fundy.-Communities:...
, one of the original 8 counties (Saint JohnSaint John, New BrunswickCity of Saint John , or commonly Saint John, is the largest city in the province of New Brunswick, and the first incorporated city in Canada. The city is situated along the north shore of the Bay of Fundy at the mouth of the Saint John River. In 2006 the city proper had a population of 74,043...
) - Sunbury County, New BrunswickSunbury County, New BrunswickSunbury County is located in central New Brunswick, Canada. A large military base is located in the western part of the county south of the town of Oromocto...
, one of the original 8 counties (BurtonBurton, New BrunswickBurton is a Canadian rural community in Sunbury County, New Brunswick.Located on the Saint John River immediately downstream of Oromocto on New Brunswick Route 102, Burton is the shire town of the county and is the location of the Sunbury County court house.It is also located at one end of the...
) - Victoria County, New BrunswickVictoria County, New BrunswickVictoria County is located in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada. Farming, especially of potatoes, is the major industry in the county.-Communities:...
, formed in 1837 from part of Carleton County (Perth-AndoverPerth-Andover, New BrunswickPerth-Andover is a Canadian village in Victoria County, New Brunswick.The village is divided by the Saint John River with Perth on the east bank and Andover on the west bank; each was a separate community until municipal amalgamation in 1966...
) - Westmorland County, New BrunswickWestmorland County, New BrunswickWestmorland County is located in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada. The county contains the fast-growing commercial centre of Moncton as well as its northern and eastern suburbs...
, one of the original 8 counties (DorchesterDorchester, New BrunswickDorchester is a Canadian village and shire town in Westmorland County, New Brunswick.It is located on the eastern side of the mouth of the lush Memramcook River valley near the river's discharge point into Shepody Bay...
) - York County, New BrunswickYork County, New BrunswickYork County is located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada. The county contains the provincial capital, Fredericton. Outside the city, farming and forestry are two major industries in the county, which is bisected by the Saint John River...
, one of the original 8 counties (Fredericton)
See also
- List of Municipalities in New Brunswick
- Local government in Canada
- Subdivisions of Canada