Madawaska County, New Brunswick
Encyclopedia
New Brunswick
New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only province in the federation that is constitutionally bilingual . The provincial capital is Fredericton and Saint John is the most populous city. Greater Moncton is the largest Census Metropolitan Area...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. Over 90% of the county's population speaks French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
. Its Francophone
Francophone
The adjective francophone means French-speaking, typically as primary language, whether referring to individuals, groups, or places. Often, the word is used as a noun to describe a natively French-speaking person....
population are known as "Brayon
Brayon
Brayons are a francophone people inhabiting the area in and around Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada. In French, they are called or feminine , and both terms are also used as adjectives, as in Brayon culture, or .) Given their location in New Brunswick, a Canadian Maritime province, they are...
s." Forestry is the major industry in the county.
History
The first inhabitants of what is now called Madawaska county, were the Maliseet or Wolastoqiyik, who occupied and used the land along the St. John River Valley north to the St. Lawrence River and south to the Penobscot River. There is debate concerning the true origin of the word "Madawaska". The earliest European settlers were from Quebec. The area was the focus of the bloodless Aroostook WarAroostook War
The Aroostook War was an undeclared nonviolent confrontation in 1838/1839 between the United States and Great Britain over the international boundary between British North America and Maine. The compromise resolution win a mutually accepted border between the state of Maine and the provinces of...
, a border dispute led by businessman and political activist John Baker
John Baker (Baker Brook)
John Baker is the namesake of the towns of Baker Lake and Baker Brook, New Brunswick, Canada, just west of Edmundston...
.
The earliest settlers of the Upper St-John River Valley can be clearly verified with http://www.upperstjohn.com/visits/Saint-Vallier1686.htm and http://www.upperstjohn.com/1820/madawaska.htm
the second link displays census results taken in 1820 of the Madawaska region where most families had originated from Quebec.
Communities
There are ten incorporated municipalities within Madawaska County (listed by 2006 population counts and national census rankings):| Official Name | Status | Area km2 | Population | Census Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edmundston | City | 106.92 | 16,643 | 232 of 5,008 |
| Saint-Léonard Saint-Léonard, New Brunswick Saint-Léonard is a Canadian town in Madawaska County, New Brunswick. It is located on the east bank of the Saint John River opposite Van Buren, Maine, to which it is connected via the Saint Leonard-Van Buren Bridge. The town's economy is driven by potato farming and a J.D. Irving Limited sawmill... |
Town | 5.20 | 1,352 | 1,705 of 5,008 |
| Sainte-Anne-de-Madawaska Sainte-Anne-de-Madawaska, New Brunswick Sainte-Anne-de-Madawaska is a Canadian town in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.The village is located on the Saint John River, 30 kilometres southeast of Edmundston.Forestry is the major industry in the area.-Demographics:... |
Village | 9.21 | 1,073 | 1,957 of 5,008 |
| Clair Clair, New Brunswick Clair is a Canadian village in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.Situated on the Saint John River opposite Fort Kent, Maine. The name Clair finds its roots in the community named for County Clare in Ireland. The name of the village is the result of the railroad station being located near the General... |
Village | 10.46 | 848 | 2,280 of 5,008 |
| Rivière-Verte Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick Rivière-Verte is a Canadian village in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.It is located 15 kilometres southeast of Edmundston along the Saint John River. Its name translates to "Green River".-Demographics:Population trend... |
Village | 7.00 | 798 | 2,366 of 5,008 |
| Saint-François-de-Madawaska Saint-François-de-Madawaska, New Brunswick Saint-François-de-Madawaska is a Canadian village in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.The village is known as the province's "Chicken Capital", referring to its role in the poultry industry. Former and merged names for the community include Webster's Creek and Winding Ledges.Nearby attractions... |
Village | 6.34 | 585 | 2,806 of 5,008 |
| Baker Brook Baker Brook, New Brunswick Baker Brook is a Canadian village in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.It is located on the Saint John River 20 kilometres west of Edmundston.The village takes its name from 19th-century sawmill businessman John Baker.... |
Village | 12.40 | 525 | 2,944 of 5,008 |
| Saint-André Saint-André, New Brunswick Saint-André is a Canadian village in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.Situated in a potato farming area, Saint-André was founded in 1904.-Demographics:Population trendMother tongue language -External links:*... |
Village | 3.72 | 404 | 3,303 of 5,008 |
| Saint-Hilaire Saint-Hilaire, New Brunswick Saint-Hilaire is a Canadian village in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.The largest employer is a composting plant.-Demographics:Population trendMother tongue language -External links:*... |
Village | 5.67 | 231 | 3,908 of 5,008 |
| Lac-Baker Lac-Baker, New Brunswick Lac Baker is a Canadian lake with an area of 6 km² located in northwestern New Brunswick on the border with Quebec.The lake drains to the south through Baker Brook into the Saint John River at the community of Baker Brook.... |
Village | 4.02 | 169 | 4,146 of 5,008 |
Parishes
The county is subdivided into fourteen parishes (listed by 2006 population counts and national census rankings):| Official Name | Status | Area km2 | Population | Census Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saint-Joseph Saint-Joseph Parish, New Brunswick Saint-Joseph is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Deuxième-Sault... |
Parish | 321.87 | 1,696 | 1,472 of 5,008 |
| Saint-André Saint-André Parish, New Brunswick Saint-André is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Comeau Ridge... |
Parish | 132.48 | 1,660 | 1,492 of 5,008 |
| Saint-Jacques Saint-Jacques Parish, New Brunswick Saint-Jacques is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Ennemond*Grandmaison... |
Parish | 298.82 | 1,607 | 1,531 of 5,008 |
| Sainte-Anne Sainte-Anne Parish, New Brunswick Sainte-Anne is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Fourche-à-Clark... |
Parish | 369.25 | 1,081 | 1,942 of 5,008 |
| Saint-Léonard Saint-Léonard Parish, New Brunswick Saint-Léonard is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Bellefleur... |
Parish | 343.95 | 1,039 | 2,011 of 5,008 |
| Saint-Basile Saint-Basile Parish, New Brunswick Saint-Basile is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Boniface Bridge... |
Parish | 129.73 | 799 | 2,364 of 5,008 |
| Rivière-Verte Rivière-Verte Parish, New Brunswick Rivière-Verte is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Beardsley Depot... |
Parish | 715.58 | 791 | 2,384 of 5,008 |
| Saint-François Saint-François Parish, New Brunswick Saint-François is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .... |
Parish | 344.70 | 754 | 2,458 of 5,008 |
| Lac-Baker Lac-Baker Parish, New Brunswick Lac-Baker is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Boundary*Lac-Baker... |
Parish | 57.38 | 566 | 2,847 of 5,008 |
| Saint-Hilaire Saint-Hilaire Parish, New Brunswick Saint-Hilaire is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Riceville... |
Parish | 41.55 | 531 | 2,928 of 5,008 |
| Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes Parish, New Brunswick Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .... |
Parish | 188.63 | 284 | 3,729 of 5,008 |
| Clair Clair Parish, New Brunswick Clair is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Caron Brook*Clair... |
Parish | 44.29 | 282 | 3,737 of 5,008 |
| Baker Brook Baker Brook Parish, New Brunswick Baker Brook is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Baker Brook**Michaud... |
Parish | 125.69 | 177 | 4,103 of 5,008 |
| Madawaska Madawaska Parish, New Brunswick Madawaska is a Canadian parish in Madawaska County, New Brunswick. The parish is primarily made up of the city of Edmundston.-Communities:Parish population total does not include incorporated municipalities and communities within their respective boundaries .*Edmundston-Population:Population... |
Parish | 173.32 | 10 | 4,889 of 5,008 |
First Nations
There is one First Nations reservation in Madawaska County (listed by 2006 population counts and national census rankings):| Official Name | Status | Area km2 | Population | Census Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Basile 10 | Reservation | 3.28 | 166 | 4,161 of 5,008 |
Demographics
Population trend| Census | Population | Change (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 34,071 | 4.3% |
| 2001 | 35,611 | 3.3% |
| 1996 | 36,814 | 0.7% |
| 1991 | 36,554 | N/A |
Mother tongue language (2006)
| Language | Population | Pct (%) |
|---|---|---|
| French only | 31,185 | 93.06% |
| English only | 1,665 | 4.97% |
| Other languages | 395 | 1.18% |
| Both English and French | 265 | 0.79% |
See also
- Republic of MadawaskaRepublic of MadawaskaThe Republic of Madawaska was a small, unrecognized state in the northwest corner of Madawaska County, New Brunswick and adjacent areas of Aroostook County in the American state of Maine and of Quebec. The word "Madawaska" comes from the Mi'kmaq words madawas and kak...
- BrayonBrayonBrayons are a francophone people inhabiting the area in and around Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada. In French, they are called or feminine , and both terms are also used as adjectives, as in Brayon culture, or .) Given their location in New Brunswick, a Canadian Maritime province, they are...
- List of communities in New Brunswick
External links
- Madawaska County Guide
- http://www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/MADAWAS.htm
- http://www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/Madawas%20Pictures.pdf