Codex Complutensis I
Encyclopedia
The Codex Complutensis I, designated by C, is a 10th century Latin
manuscript of the Old
and New Testament
. The text, written on vellum
, is a version of the Latin Vulgate
Bible. In some parts of the Old Testament, it presents an Old Latin version.
In some portions of the Old Testament it represents the Old Latin version (Book of Ruth
, Book of Esther
, Book of Tobit
, Book of Judith, 1-2 Maccabees).
It contains apocryphal 4 Book of Esdra. It contains an Epistle to the Laodiceans
(follows after Epistle to the Hebrews
, not Colossians like in other Spanish Bibles).
It contains the spurious texts of the Pericope Adultera (John 7:53-8:11) and Comma Johanneum
(1 John 5:7).
the manuscript was written in the year 927.
The manuscript was purchased by Cardinal Ximenes and used by him in editing the Complutensian Polyglot Bible
. It was examined by Samuel Berger and Westcott
.
During the Spanish Civil War
(1936–1939) it was almost totally destroyed. The little that still remains is in the Library of the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (Centr. 31) in Madrid
. In 2010, a complete third-generation copy on microfilm was discovered in a library in Collegeville, Minnesota.
The Benedictine Abbey of St. Jerome in Rome housed a facsimile of the entire manuscript. Currently the manuscript is housed in the library of the Faculdad de Filosofia y Letras in Madrid
(Bibl. Univ. Cent. 31).
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
manuscript of the Old
Old Testament
The Old Testament, of which Christians hold different views, is a Christian term for the religious writings of ancient Israel held sacred and inspired by Christians which overlaps with the 24-book canon of the Masoretic Text of Judaism...
and New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
. The text, written on vellum
Vellum
Vellum is mammal skin prepared for writing or printing on, to produce single pages, scrolls, codices or books. It is generally smooth and durable, although there are great variations depending on preparation, the quality of the skin and the type of animal used...
, is a version of the Latin Vulgate
Vulgate
The Vulgate is a late 4th-century Latin translation of the Bible. It was largely the work of St. Jerome, who was commissioned by Pope Damasus I in 382 to make a revision of the old Latin translations...
Bible. In some parts of the Old Testament, it presents an Old Latin version.
Description
The Latin text of the Gospels is a representative of the Spanish type of Vulgate, but with peculiar readings in the Epistles and Acts.In some portions of the Old Testament it represents the Old Latin version (Book of Ruth
Book of Ruth
The Book of Ruth is one of the books of the Hebrew Bible, Tanakh, or Old Testament. In the Jewish canon the Book of Ruth is included in the third division, or the Writings . In the Christian canon the Book of Ruth is placed between Judges and 1 Samuel...
, Book of Esther
Book of Esther
The Book of Esther is a book in the Ketuvim , the third section of the Jewish Tanakh and is part of the Christian Old Testament. The Book of Esther or the Megillah is the basis for the Jewish celebration of Purim...
, Book of Tobit
Book of Tobit
The Book of Tobit is a book of scripture that is part of the Catholic and Orthodox biblical canon, pronounced canonical by the Council of Carthage of 397 and confirmed for Roman Catholics by the Council of Trent...
, Book of Judith, 1-2 Maccabees).
It contains apocryphal 4 Book of Esdra. It contains an Epistle to the Laodiceans
Epistle to the Laodiceans
An Epistle to the Laodiceans, purportedly written by Paul of Tarsus to the Laodicean Church, is mentioned in the canonical Epistle to the Colossians...
(follows after Epistle to the Hebrews
Epistle to the Hebrews
The Epistle to the Hebrews is one of the books in the New Testament. Its author is not known.The primary purpose of the Letter to the Hebrews is to exhort Christians to persevere in the face of persecution. The central thought of the entire Epistle is the doctrine of the Person of Christ and his...
, not Colossians like in other Spanish Bibles).
It contains the spurious texts of the Pericope Adultera (John 7:53-8:11) and Comma Johanneum
Comma Johanneum
The Comma Johanneum is a comma in the First Epistle of John according to the Latin Vulgate text as transmitted since the Early Middle Ages, based on Vetus Latina minority readings dating to the 7th century...
(1 John 5:7).
History
According to the colophonColophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon is either:* A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the edition, in modern books usually located at the reverse of the title page, but can also sometimes be located at the end of the book, or...
the manuscript was written in the year 927.
The manuscript was purchased by Cardinal Ximenes and used by him in editing the Complutensian Polyglot Bible
Complutensian Polyglot Bible
The Complutensian Polyglot Bible is the name given to the first printed polyglot of the entire Bible, initiated and financed by Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros . It includes the first printed editions of the Greek New Testament, the complete Septuagint, and the Targum Onkelos...
. It was examined by Samuel Berger and Westcott
Brooke Foss Westcott
Brooke Foss Westcott was a British bishop, Biblical scholar and theologian, serving as Bishop of Durham from 1890 until his death.-Early life and education:...
.
During the Spanish Civil War
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil WarAlso known as The Crusade among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War among Carlists, and The Rebellion or Uprising among Republicans. was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939...
(1936–1939) it was almost totally destroyed. The little that still remains is in the Library of the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (Centr. 31) in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
. In 2010, a complete third-generation copy on microfilm was discovered in a library in Collegeville, Minnesota.
The Benedictine Abbey of St. Jerome in Rome housed a facsimile of the entire manuscript. Currently the manuscript is housed in the library of the Faculdad de Filosofia y Letras in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
(Bibl. Univ. Cent. 31).
Further reading
- M. Revilla, La Biblia Polyglota de Alcalá (Madrid, 1917).
- A. Jülicher, Itala. Das Neue Testament in Altlateinischer Überlieferung, Walter de GruyterWalter de GruyterWalter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG is a scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. Its origins date back to 1749 when it was given the right to print books by King Frederick II of Prussia. -De Gruyter Mouton:...
, Berlin, New York, 1976.