Cleveland, Queensland
Encyclopedia
Cleveland is a suburb located approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) east-south-east of Brisbane
, the capital of the Australian state of Queensland
, and is the council seat for the Redland City local government area. It comprises commercial, residential and industrial areas.
As at August 2006, Cleveland was estimated to be home to 13,585 people, with the majority of these of working age.
Citytrain
line which terminates in Cleveland.
Cleveland railway station
provides access to regular Citytrain
services to Brisbane.
There are conflicting reports as to the naming of Cleveland; it was either named in 1770 by Captain James Cook
in honour of John Clevland
, the Secretary of the Admiralty around the time, or by surveyors in the 1840s, in honour of William Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland
.
European settlement of Brisbane and surrounding areas was banned from 1824 until 1842, due to the Moreton Bay Penal Settlement, but the area to become Cleveland was first surveyed in 1840, and in 1841, was recommended for a maritime or seaport township. In 1847, the government planned for the new town, and on the 13th of December, 1850, Cleveland was proclaimed a township. The first land sales of the new township took place a year later, with early purchases primarily around Cleveland Point, at the time an early candidate for a major port to replace Brisbane. Brisbane was troubled by sand bars across the mouth of the river, and Cleveland Point was closer to the southern passage (the entrance to Moreton Bay between North Stradbroke Island and Moreton Island). However, when Governor Sir George Gipps visited Cleveland Point, it is reported that upon disembarking his boat, he immediately sank into the mudflats up to his waist. He was so annoyed by this that he changed his mind and suggested Ipswich
. A series of wrecking in the southern passage led to ships using the longer but safer northern entrance between Bribie and Moreton islands. This, and an unfortunate fire at the Cleveland jetty, removed any hopes for Cleveland.
In 1852, the first large buildings were built in Cleveland; what is now the Grand View Hotel, and the Old Courthouse, at the time a workers cottage. Farms sprang up; a brickworks was built at the point, and a wool store to handle shipping. The first mail service to Cleveland began in 1861, with the first school established at the same time. The wool store, unused because of Cleveland's failure as a port, was converted into a sawmill, which supplied timber to a shipyard built at the point. The population at this time was only 270. Tourism blossomed with the arrival of the first regular steamer service to Cleveland in 1864. The Cleveland Point Light
was also constructed in 1864, and was only replaced in 1969. From this time, the most popular crop was sugar cane, until it was replaced by the popularity of fruits such as passion fruit and strawberries. A rail line to Cleveland was completed in 1889, and with it tourism, residential subdivisions and farming further grew in the area.
The rail line continued further than it does today, terminating at Cleveland Point - the existing Cleveland station was constructed later, for passenger use. The Redlands attracted farming families and became a district known for producing top quality fruits and vegetables with crops of strawberries, tomatoes, pineapples, custard apples, citrus fruits, bananas, herbs and vegetables grown very successfully. By the outbreak of World War I
, the population in Cleveland had hit 540. However, in 1960, lack of demand ended the rail service to Cleveland, and it was only restored twenty years later, by which time the population of Cleveland was over 5000. The completion of the Leslie Harrison Dam
allowed town water to be connected to the shire, with the majority of the town being serviced by 1970. The Raby Bay canal estate was completed in 1984, and by 1992, the population of Cleveland was nearing 10,000.
Brisbane
Brisbane is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of over 2 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred around Brisbane, encompasses a population of...
, the capital of the Australian state of Queensland
Queensland
Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
, and is the council seat for the Redland City local government area. It comprises commercial, residential and industrial areas.
As at August 2006, Cleveland was estimated to be home to 13,585 people, with the majority of these of working age.
Features
Major features of Cleveland include;- The David Stuart's Estate
- Redland City Council Chambers;
- The Redland HospitalRedland HospitalRedland Hospital is a public hospital, in Queensland, Australia. Its address is Weippin Street, Cleveland, QLD 4163. The hospital provides, emergency, general medical, surgical and obstetric services. Administratively, the hospital is part of the Metro South Health District....
, including the Mater private hospital wing; - Cleveland Industrial Estate;
- Raby Bay, a canal estate;
- Stradbroke Island Ferry Terminal, the most popular way to reach North Stradbroke IslandNorth Stradbroke IslandNorth Stradbroke Island is an Australian island in the state of Queensland, 30 km southeast of the capital Brisbane. Before 1896 the island was part of the Stradbroke Island. In that year a storm separated it from South Stradbroke Island, forming the Jumpinpin Channel. It is known...
; - Cleveland Showgrounds, home to the Redlands Festival and many other events;
- The Cleveland Markets, held every Sunday morning;
- Cleveland State School and Cleveland State High School.
- Redland Museum
- Cleveland Point LightCleveland Point LightCleveland Point Light, also known as Point Cleveland Light, is a lighthouse located on the north-eastern tip of Cleveland Point, overlooking Moreton Bay, at Cleveland, a suburb approximately east-south-east of Brisbane, Australia. The original lighthouse was established in 1864-1865 as a wooden...
- Cleveland Railway LineCleveland railway line, BrisbaneThe Cleveland railway line is a suburban railway line extending 24.2 km east-southeast from Brisbane , the state capital of Queensland, Australia. It is part of the QR Citytrain network.-History:...
- Strawberry FestivalStrawberry FestivalA Strawberry Festival is an event and celebration in many towns in North America. In most instances, areas around these towns are, or have been, deeply involved in the production and marketing of strawberries, and the festivals are usually held in late spring around the time of the strawberry...
Transport
Major access to Cleveland is provided by Finucane Road and Bloomfield Street, or the QRQueensland Rail
Queensland Rail, also known as QR, is a government-owned railway operator in the state of Queensland. Under the control of the Queensland Government, Queensland Rail operates the inner-city and long-distance passenger services, as well as some freight operations and gives railway access to other...
Citytrain
CityTrain
Citytrain is the brand name of urban, suburban and inter-urban electric passenger railway services in South East Queensland, Australia. Its network, centering in Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, is approximately in route length...
line which terminates in Cleveland.
Cleveland railway station
Cleveland railway station, Brisbane
Cleveland Station is a railway station on the Cleveland Line of Brisbane, Australia. It is part of the QR Citytrain network...
provides access to regular Citytrain
CityTrain
Citytrain is the brand name of urban, suburban and inter-urban electric passenger railway services in South East Queensland, Australia. Its network, centering in Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, is approximately in route length...
services to Brisbane.
History
There are conflicting reports as to the naming of Cleveland; it was either named in 1770 by Captain James Cook
James Cook
Captain James Cook, FRS, RN was a British explorer, navigator and cartographer who ultimately rose to the rank of captain in the Royal Navy...
in honour of John Clevland
John Clevland (admiralty secretary)
John Clevland, , MP was Secretary to the Admiralty 1751–1763 .John Clevland was the son of Captain William Clevland, of Lanarkshire who rose to being the Controller of the Storekeepers' Accounts for the Navy Board . His mother, Ann Davie of Orleigh Court, was the daughter of John Davie...
, the Secretary of the Admiralty around the time, or by surveyors in the 1840s, in honour of William Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland
William Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland
William Henry Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland, KG was a British peer.He was born in 1766, the son of the 2nd Earl of Darlington, and was baptised at the Chapel Royal at St James's Palace...
.
European settlement of Brisbane and surrounding areas was banned from 1824 until 1842, due to the Moreton Bay Penal Settlement, but the area to become Cleveland was first surveyed in 1840, and in 1841, was recommended for a maritime or seaport township. In 1847, the government planned for the new town, and on the 13th of December, 1850, Cleveland was proclaimed a township. The first land sales of the new township took place a year later, with early purchases primarily around Cleveland Point, at the time an early candidate for a major port to replace Brisbane. Brisbane was troubled by sand bars across the mouth of the river, and Cleveland Point was closer to the southern passage (the entrance to Moreton Bay between North Stradbroke Island and Moreton Island). However, when Governor Sir George Gipps visited Cleveland Point, it is reported that upon disembarking his boat, he immediately sank into the mudflats up to his waist. He was so annoyed by this that he changed his mind and suggested Ipswich
Ipswich, Queensland
Ipswich is a city in South-East Queensland, Australia. Situated along the Bremer River Valley approximately 40 kilometres away from the state's capital Brisbane. The suburb by the same name forms the city's Central Business District and administrative centre...
. A series of wrecking in the southern passage led to ships using the longer but safer northern entrance between Bribie and Moreton islands. This, and an unfortunate fire at the Cleveland jetty, removed any hopes for Cleveland.
In 1852, the first large buildings were built in Cleveland; what is now the Grand View Hotel, and the Old Courthouse, at the time a workers cottage. Farms sprang up; a brickworks was built at the point, and a wool store to handle shipping. The first mail service to Cleveland began in 1861, with the first school established at the same time. The wool store, unused because of Cleveland's failure as a port, was converted into a sawmill, which supplied timber to a shipyard built at the point. The population at this time was only 270. Tourism blossomed with the arrival of the first regular steamer service to Cleveland in 1864. The Cleveland Point Light
Cleveland Point Light
Cleveland Point Light, also known as Point Cleveland Light, is a lighthouse located on the north-eastern tip of Cleveland Point, overlooking Moreton Bay, at Cleveland, a suburb approximately east-south-east of Brisbane, Australia. The original lighthouse was established in 1864-1865 as a wooden...
was also constructed in 1864, and was only replaced in 1969. From this time, the most popular crop was sugar cane, until it was replaced by the popularity of fruits such as passion fruit and strawberries. A rail line to Cleveland was completed in 1889, and with it tourism, residential subdivisions and farming further grew in the area.
The rail line continued further than it does today, terminating at Cleveland Point - the existing Cleveland station was constructed later, for passenger use. The Redlands attracted farming families and became a district known for producing top quality fruits and vegetables with crops of strawberries, tomatoes, pineapples, custard apples, citrus fruits, bananas, herbs and vegetables grown very successfully. By the outbreak of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, the population in Cleveland had hit 540. However, in 1960, lack of demand ended the rail service to Cleveland, and it was only restored twenty years later, by which time the population of Cleveland was over 5000. The completion of the Leslie Harrison Dam
Leslie Harrison Dam
The Leslie Harrison Dam is a water storage reservoir for the Redland City Council. The dam forms Tingalpa Reservoir which is situated between the suburbs of Capalaba, Chandler and Burbank in Brisbane, Australia....
allowed town water to be connected to the shire, with the majority of the town being serviced by 1970. The Raby Bay canal estate was completed in 1984, and by 1992, the population of Cleveland was nearing 10,000.