Chichi-jima
Encyclopedia
, formerly known as Peel Island and in the 19th century known to the English as part of the Bonin Islands, is the largest island
in the Ogasawara archipelago. Chichi-jima is approximately 150 miles (241.4 km) north of Iwo Jima
. The island is within the political boundaries of Ogasawara Town
, Ogasawara Subprefecture
, Tokyo
, Japan
.
On English maps from the early 19th century, the island chain was known as the Bonin Islands. The name Bonin comes from a French cartographer's corruption of the old Japanese word 'munin', which means 'no man', and the English translated it to "No mans land" islands.
, Bernardo de la Torre
.
Archeological excavations show that Micronesia
n people lived on the island in the past, though no details are yet known. The Tokugawa Shogunate
dispatched an expedition in 1675 and made a map of the island. It remained uninhabited until May 1830.
Two shipwrecked sailors who were picked up by Beechey in 1827 suggested that the island would make a good stopover station for whaler
s due to natural springs found on the island.
The first settlement on the island was established in May 1830 by thirty-six year-old Massachusetts
native Nathaniel Savory along with twenty-two other men and women from Pearl Harbor
. Descendants of Nathaniel Savory continue to live on the island to this day.
Commodore Perry's steamship Susquehanna anchored for three days in Chichi-jima's harbor on June 15, 1853 on the way to his historic visit to Tokyo Bay
. Perry proceeded to lay claim to the island for the United States
for a coaling station for steamships. He appointed island resident Nathaniel Savory as an agent of the US Navy and formed a governing council with Savory as the leader. On behalf of the US government, Perry "purchased" 50 acres (202,343 m²) from Savory.
On January 17, 1862, a Tokugawa Shogunate ship entered a harbor at Chichi-jima and officially proclaimed the sovereignty of the Ogasawara Islands. Japanese immigrants were introduced from Hachijōjima
under the direction of the Tokugawa Shogunate. Forty members of the Savory colony were allowed to stay on the island.
, and was a frequent target of US attacks. A young George H. W. Bush
was shot down while on one of these raids. In 1944, all of the 6,886 inhabitants were ordered to evacuate from the Ogasawara islands. Japanese troops and resources from Chichi-Jima were used in reinforcing the strategic point of Iwo Jima
before the historic battle that took place there from February 19 to March 24, 1945. The island also served as a major point for Japanese radio relay communication and surveillance operations in the Pacific, with two radio stations atop its two mountains being the primary goal of multiple bombing attempts by the US Navy.
Chichi-Jima was also the subject of a book by James Bradley
entitled Flyboys: A True Story of Courage
, a factual account of the lives of a group of young World War II pilots, including George H. W. Bush. The book tells the story of United States Navy
pilots
who bombed the island's two radio stations, and details the stories of the US pilots who were captured, tortured, executed, and in some cases, partially eaten in February 1945.
The island was never captured and at the end of World War II some twenty five thousand troops in the island chain surrendered. Thirty Japanese soldiers were court-martialled for class "B" war crimes
and four officers (Major Matoba, General Tachibana
, Admiral Mori, and Captain Yoshii) were found guilty and hanged. All enlisted men and Probationary Medical Officer Tadashi Teraki were released within eight years.
At least two US citizens of Japanese descent served in the Japanese military on Chichi Jima during the war, including Nobuaki "Warren" Iwatake, a Japanese-American from Hawaii who was drafted into the Japanese Imperial Army while living with his family back in Hiroshima
.
allowed only 129 Western origin locals to go back to the island and destroyed the rest of the houses. In 1960 the harbor facilities were devastated by tsunamis after the Great Chilean Earthquake
.
Several Japanese islands, including Chichi-jima, were used by the United States in the 1950s to store nuclear arms, according to Robert S. Norris, William M. Arkin, and William Burr writing for the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists in early 2000. This is despite the Japanese Constitution being explicitly anti-war. Japan holds Three Non-Nuclear Principles
. The island has been under Japanese control since 1968.
(NAOJ
) has been a division of NINS. The NINS/NAQJ research is on-going using a VLBI Exploration of Radio Astronomy (VERA) 20m radio telescope. The dual-beam VERA array consists of four coordinated radio telescope stations located at Mizusawa, Iriki, Ishigakijima and Ogasawara. The combined signals of the four-part array produce a correlated image which is used for deep space study.
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
(JAXA
) also maintains a facility on Chichi-jima. The Ogasawara Downrange Station at Kuwanokiyama, was established in 1975 as a National Space Development Agency of Japan
(NASDA
) facility. The Station is equipped with radar
(rocket telemeter antenna and precision radar antenna) to check the flight trajectories, status, and safety of rockets launched from the Tanegashima Space Center
(TNSC
).
, Bonin Grosbeak
a finch, and Bonin Thrush
. The island was the only known home of the thrush and probably the finch, although the heron was found on Nakōdo-jima (also "Nakoudo-" or, erroneously, "Nakondo-") as well. The existence of the birds was documented by von Kittlitz in 1828, and five stuffed thrushes are in European museums.
The Bonin Wood-pigeon
died out in the late 19th century, apparently as the result of the introduction of alien mammals, or from both causes. The species is known to have existed only on Chichi-jima and another island, Nakōdo-jima.
The inhabitants of the island have caught and consumed green turtles as a source of
protein
. Local restaurants serve turtle soup and sashimi
in dishes. In the early 20th century, some thousand turtles were captured in a year and the populations of turtles had decreased. Today in Chichi-jima, only one fisherman is allowed to catch turtles and its number is restricted under 135 in a season.
The Fisheries Agency and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government operate a conservation facility on the edge of Futami Harbor. Eggs are carefully planted in the shore and infant turtles are raised at the facility until they have reached a certain size, at which point they are released into the wild with an identification tag. Today the number of green turtle had been stabilized and increased slowly.
Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education
operates Ogasawara High School
on Chichi-jima.
Island
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, cays or keys. An island in a river or lake may be called an eyot , or holm...
in the Ogasawara archipelago. Chichi-jima is approximately 150 miles (241.4 km) north of Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima, officially , is an island of the Japanese Volcano Islands chain, which lie south of the Ogasawara Islands and together with them form the Ogasawara Archipelago. The island is located south of mainland Tokyo and administered as part of Ogasawara, one of eight villages of Tokyo...
. The island is within the political boundaries of Ogasawara Town
Ogasawara, Tokyo
is a village in Ogasawara Subprefecture, Tokyo, Japan, that governs the Bonin Islands, Volcano Islands and three remote islands .-Geography:...
, Ogasawara Subprefecture
Ogasawara Subprefecture
is a subprefecture of Tokyo, Japan. The subprefecture covers the Bonin Islands and includes the village of Ogasawara; and the prefectural government maintains a main office on Chichijima and a branch office on Hahajima....
, Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
.
Topography
Chichijima is located at 27°4′0"N 142°12′30"E. There are currently around 2,000 people living on the island, and the island's area is about 24 km².On English maps from the early 19th century, the island chain was known as the Bonin Islands. The name Bonin comes from a French cartographer's corruption of the old Japanese word 'munin', which means 'no man', and the English translated it to "No mans land" islands.
History
The first European discovery of the Bonin Islands is said to have taken place in 1543, by the Spanish explorerSpain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, Bernardo de la Torre
Bernardo de la Torre
Bernardo de la Torre was a Spanish sailor, primarily noted for having explored parts of the Western Pacific Ocean south of Japan in the 16th century.-Exploration:...
.
Archeological excavations show that Micronesia
Micronesia
Micronesia is a subregion of Oceania, comprising thousands of small islands in the western Pacific Ocean. It is distinct from Melanesia to the south, and Polynesia to the east. The Philippines lie to the west, and Indonesia to the southwest....
n people lived on the island in the past, though no details are yet known. The Tokugawa Shogunate
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the and the , was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family. This period is known as the Edo period and gets its name from the capital city, Edo, which is now called Tokyo, after the name was...
dispatched an expedition in 1675 and made a map of the island. It remained uninhabited until May 1830.
Nineteenth century
Western ships visited the island in the 19th century, including:- The BeecheyFrederick William BeecheyFrederick William Beechey was an English naval officer and geographer. He was the son of Sir William Beechey, RA., and was born in London.-Career:...
Pacific expedition in 1827, - Naturalist Heinrich von KittlitzHeinrich von KittlitzFriedrich Heinrich Freiherr von Kittlitz was a German artist, naval officer, explorer and naturalist. He was a descendant of a family of old Prussian nobility ....
in 1828 with the RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n Senjawin expedition, led by Captain Fyodor Petrovich LitkeFyodor Petrovich LitkeCount Fyodor Petrovich Litke , born Friedrich Benjamin Lütke, was a Russian navigator, geographer, and Arctic explorer. He became a count in 1866, and an admiral in 1855. He was a Corresponding Member , Honorable Member , and President of the Russian Academy of Science in St.Petersburg...
; - A whaling ship established an American colony in 1830;
- Commodore Matthew Perry's U.S. expedition to Japan in 1853;
- Naturalist William StimpsonWilliam StimpsonWilliam Stimpson was a noted American scientist.- Biography :Stimpson was born in Boston, Massachusetts to Herbert Hathorne Stimpson and Mary Ann Devereau Brewer. The Stimpsons were of the old colonial and Revolutionary stock of Massachusetts, the earliest known member of the family being James...
of the RodgersJohn Rodgers (naval officer, Civil War)John Rodgers was an admiral in the United States Navy.-Early life and career:Rodgers, a son of Commodore John Rodgers, was born near Havre de Grace, Maryland. He received his appointment as a Midshipman in the Navy on 18 April 1828...
-RinggoldCadwalader RinggoldCadwalader Ringgold was an officer in the United States Navy who served in the United States Exploring Expedition, later headed an expedition to the Northwest and, after initially retiring, returned to service during the Civil War....
North Pacific Exploring and Surveying ExpeditionNorth Pacific Exploring and Surveying ExpeditionThe North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition, also known as the Rodgers-Ringgold Expedition was a United States scientific and exploring project from 1853 to 1856....
came in 1854.
Two shipwrecked sailors who were picked up by Beechey in 1827 suggested that the island would make a good stopover station for whaler
Whaler
A whaler is a specialized ship, designed for whaling, the catching and/or processing of whales. The former included the whale catcher, a steam or diesel-driven vessel with a harpoon gun mounted at its bows. The latter included such vessels as the sail or steam-driven whaleship of the 16th to early...
s due to natural springs found on the island.
The first settlement on the island was established in May 1830 by thirty-six year-old Massachusetts
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...
native Nathaniel Savory along with twenty-two other men and women from Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor, known to Hawaiians as Puuloa, is a lagoon harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands is a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the U.S. Pacific Fleet...
. Descendants of Nathaniel Savory continue to live on the island to this day.
Commodore Perry's steamship Susquehanna anchored for three days in Chichi-jima's harbor on June 15, 1853 on the way to his historic visit to Tokyo Bay
Tokyo Bay
is a bay in the southern Kantō region of Japan. Its old name was .-Geography:Tokyo Bay is surrounded by the Bōsō Peninsula to the east and the Miura Peninsula to the west. In a narrow sense, Tokyo Bay is the area north of the straight line formed by the on the Miura Peninsula on one end and on...
. Perry proceeded to lay claim to the island for the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
for a coaling station for steamships. He appointed island resident Nathaniel Savory as an agent of the US Navy and formed a governing council with Savory as the leader. On behalf of the US government, Perry "purchased" 50 acres (202,343 m²) from Savory.
On January 17, 1862, a Tokugawa Shogunate ship entered a harbor at Chichi-jima and officially proclaimed the sovereignty of the Ogasawara Islands. Japanese immigrants were introduced from Hachijōjima
Hachijojima
is a volcanic Japanese island in the Philippine Sea, administered by Tōkyō and located approximately south of the Special Wards of Tōkyō. It is the southernmost and most isolated of the Izu Seven Islands group of the seven northern islands of the Izu archipelago...
under the direction of the Tokugawa Shogunate. Forty members of the Savory colony were allowed to stay on the island.
World War II
The island was the primary site of long range Japanese radio stations during World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, and was a frequent target of US attacks. A young George H. W. Bush
George H. W. Bush
George Herbert Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States . He had previously served as the 43rd Vice President of the United States , a congressman, an ambassador, and Director of Central Intelligence.Bush was born in Milton, Massachusetts, to...
was shot down while on one of these raids. In 1944, all of the 6,886 inhabitants were ordered to evacuate from the Ogasawara islands. Japanese troops and resources from Chichi-Jima were used in reinforcing the strategic point of Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima, officially , is an island of the Japanese Volcano Islands chain, which lie south of the Ogasawara Islands and together with them form the Ogasawara Archipelago. The island is located south of mainland Tokyo and administered as part of Ogasawara, one of eight villages of Tokyo...
before the historic battle that took place there from February 19 to March 24, 1945. The island also served as a major point for Japanese radio relay communication and surveillance operations in the Pacific, with two radio stations atop its two mountains being the primary goal of multiple bombing attempts by the US Navy.
Chichi-Jima was also the subject of a book by James Bradley
James Bradley (author)
James Bradley is an American author, specializing in historical nonfiction chronicling the Pacific theatre of World War II. His father, John Bradley, was one of six men who became famous for being photographed raising the American flag on Mt. Suribachi...
entitled Flyboys: A True Story of Courage
Flyboys: A True Story of Courage
Flyboys: A True Story of Courage is a nonfiction book by writer James Bradley, and a national bestseller in the U.S. This book details a World War II incident of the execution and cannibalism of five of eight American P.O.W.s on the Pacific island of Chichi-jima, one of the Ogasawara Islands .-...
, a factual account of the lives of a group of young World War II pilots, including George H. W. Bush. The book tells the story of United States Navy
United States Navy
The United States Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. The U.S. Navy is the largest in the world; its battle fleet tonnage is greater than that of the next 13 largest navies combined. The U.S...
pilots
Aviator
An aviator is a person who flies an aircraft. The first recorded use of the term was in 1887, as a variation of 'aviation', from the Latin avis , coined in 1863 by G. de la Landelle in Aviation Ou Navigation Aérienne...
who bombed the island's two radio stations, and details the stories of the US pilots who were captured, tortured, executed, and in some cases, partially eaten in February 1945.
The island was never captured and at the end of World War II some twenty five thousand troops in the island chain surrendered. Thirty Japanese soldiers were court-martialled for class "B" war crimes
Japanese war crimes
Japanese war crimes occurred during the period of Japanese imperialism, primarily during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. Some of the incidents have also been described as an Asian Holocaust and Japanese war atrocities...
and four officers (Major Matoba, General Tachibana
Yoshio Tachibana
-External links:* * . Nazi War Crimes and Japanese Imperial Government Records. Interagency Working Group, Washington DC, 2006.-Notes:...
, Admiral Mori, and Captain Yoshii) were found guilty and hanged. All enlisted men and Probationary Medical Officer Tadashi Teraki were released within eight years.
At least two US citizens of Japanese descent served in the Japanese military on Chichi Jima during the war, including Nobuaki "Warren" Iwatake, a Japanese-American from Hawaii who was drafted into the Japanese Imperial Army while living with his family back in Hiroshima
Hiroshima
is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshu, the largest island of Japan. It became best known as the first city in history to be destroyed by a nuclear weapon when the United States Army Air Forces dropped an atomic bomb on it at 8:15 A.M...
.
Under United States sovereignty
The Supreme Commander of the Allied PowersSupreme Commander of the Allied Powers
Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers was the title held by General Douglas MacArthur during the Occupation of Japan following World War II...
allowed only 129 Western origin locals to go back to the island and destroyed the rest of the houses. In 1960 the harbor facilities were devastated by tsunamis after the Great Chilean Earthquake
Great Chilean Earthquake
The 1960 Valdivia earthquake or Great Chilean Earthquake of Sunday, 22 May 1960 is to date the most powerful earthquake ever recorded on Earth, rating 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale...
.
Several Japanese islands, including Chichi-jima, were used by the United States in the 1950s to store nuclear arms, according to Robert S. Norris, William M. Arkin, and William Burr writing for the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists in early 2000. This is despite the Japanese Constitution being explicitly anti-war. Japan holds Three Non-Nuclear Principles
Three Non-Nuclear Principles
Japan's are a parliamentary resolution that have guided Japanese nuclear policy since their inception in the late 1960s, and reflect general public sentiment and national policy since the end of World War II. The tenets state that Japan shall neither possess nor manufacture nuclear weapons, nor...
. The island has been under Japanese control since 1968.
Island development
Astronomy and telemetry stations
The Japanese National Institute of Natural Sciences (NINS) is the umbrella agency maintaining a radio astronomy facility on Chichi-jima. Since 2004, the National Astronomical Observatory of JapanNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan
The is an astronomical research organisation comprising several facilities in Japan, as well as an observatory in Hawaii. It was established in 1988 as an amalgamation of three existing research organizations - the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory of the University of Tokyo, International Latitude...
(NAOJ
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
The is an astronomical research organisation comprising several facilities in Japan, as well as an observatory in Hawaii. It was established in 1988 as an amalgamation of three existing research organizations - the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory of the University of Tokyo, International Latitude...
) has been a division of NINS. The NINS/NAQJ research is on-going using a VLBI Exploration of Radio Astronomy (VERA) 20m radio telescope. The dual-beam VERA array consists of four coordinated radio telescope stations located at Mizusawa, Iriki, Ishigakijima and Ogasawara. The combined signals of the four-part array produce a correlated image which is used for deep space study.
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
The , or JAXA, is Japan's national aerospace agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on October 1, 2003, as an Independent Administrative Institution administered by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the...
(JAXA
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
The , or JAXA, is Japan's national aerospace agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on October 1, 2003, as an Independent Administrative Institution administered by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the...
) also maintains a facility on Chichi-jima. The Ogasawara Downrange Station at Kuwanokiyama, was established in 1975 as a National Space Development Agency of Japan
National Space Development Agency of Japan
of Japan, or NASDA, was a Japanese national space agency established on October 1, 1969 under the National Space Development Agency Law only for peaceful purposes...
(NASDA
National Space Development Agency of Japan
of Japan, or NASDA, was a Japanese national space agency established on October 1, 1969 under the National Space Development Agency Law only for peaceful purposes...
) facility. The Station is equipped with radar
Radar
Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio...
(rocket telemeter antenna and precision radar antenna) to check the flight trajectories, status, and safety of rockets launched from the Tanegashima Space Center
Tanegashima Space Center
The is one of Japan's space development facilities. It is located on Tanegashima, an island located 115 km south of Kyūshū. It was established in 1969 when the National Space Development Agency of Japan was formed...
(TNSC
Tanegashima Space Center
The is one of Japan's space development facilities. It is located on Tanegashima, an island located 115 km south of Kyūshū. It was established in 1969 when the National Space Development Agency of Japan was formed...
).
Wildlife
Possibly as a result of the introduction of alien animals, at least three species of birds became extinct: the Bonin Nankeen Night HeronBonin Nankeen Night Heron
The Bonin Night Heron is an extinct subspecies of the Nankeen Night Heron.-Description:The Bonin Night Heron was described by Nicholas Aylward Vigors in 1839 based on reports by Heinrich von Kittlitz and by Captain Frederick William Beechey from the British ship HMS Blossom from 1828. It reached a...
, Bonin Grosbeak
Bonin Grosbeak
The Bonin Grosbeak or Bonin Islands Grosbeak is an extinct finch, the only species of the genus Chaunoproctus. It is one of the diverse bird taxa that are vernacularly called "grosbeaks", but it is not closely related to the grosbeaks sensu stricto. It was a retiring, although not shy bird, and...
a finch, and Bonin Thrush
Bonin Thrush
The Bonin Thrush, Bonin Islands Thrush or Kittlitz's Thrush is sometimes separated as the only species of the genus Cichlopasser. It is an extinct species of Asian thrush...
. The island was the only known home of the thrush and probably the finch, although the heron was found on Nakōdo-jima (also "Nakoudo-" or, erroneously, "Nakondo-") as well. The existence of the birds was documented by von Kittlitz in 1828, and five stuffed thrushes are in European museums.
The Bonin Wood-pigeon
Bonin Wood-pigeon
The Bonin Wood Pigeon was a pigeon endemic to Nakodo-jima and Chichi-jima in the Ogasawara Islands off the coast of Japan. It is known from four recorded specimens, the first from 1827 and the last from 1889. They averaged a length of 45 cm...
died out in the late 19th century, apparently as the result of the introduction of alien mammals, or from both causes. The species is known to have existed only on Chichi-jima and another island, Nakōdo-jima.
Green turtle consumption and preservation
protein
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
. Local restaurants serve turtle soup and sashimi
Sashimi
Sashimi is a Japanese delicacy. It consists of very fresh raw meat, most commonly fish, sliced into thin pieces.-Origin:The word sashimi means "pierced body", i.e...
in dishes. In the early 20th century, some thousand turtles were captured in a year and the populations of turtles had decreased. Today in Chichi-jima, only one fisherman is allowed to catch turtles and its number is restricted under 135 in a season.
The Fisheries Agency and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government operate a conservation facility on the edge of Futami Harbor. Eggs are carefully planted in the shore and infant turtles are raised at the facility until they have reached a certain size, at which point they are released into the wild with an identification tag. Today the number of green turtle had been stabilized and increased slowly.
Education
Ogasawara Village operates the island's public elementary and junior high schools.Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education
Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education is the board of education in Tokyo, Japan. The board manages the individual school systems within the metropolis. The board also directly manages all of the public high schools in Tokyo...
operates Ogasawara High School
Ogasawara High School
is a public high school on Chichi-jima in Ogasawara, Tokyo, Japan. The school is a part of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education.The school is the sole public high school in the Bonin Islands.-External links:*...
on Chichi-jima.