Caladenia
Encyclopedia
The genus Caladenia belongs to the subfamily Orchidoideae
of the orchid family (Orchidaceae
). The abbreviation Calda. is often used in trade journals to indicate the genus.
The subtribe Caladeniinae is considered polyphyletic, due to the alliance of Lyperanthus with the genera of Drakaeinae and Thelymitrinae.
and the glistening glands at the base of the column
that adorn many of the species.
The genus was described by Robert Brown
in 1810 from specimens that he sighted in most Australian states, as a member of Matthew Flinders
' mapping and exploration voyage that circumnavigated Australia
. Brown, with assistants, spent just over three years in Australia on botanical research.
The species are small to medium-sized terrestrial orchids. A single, hairy, lanceolate to oblong, basal leaf
arises through sympodial
growth from underground tuber
s. The inflorescence is a panicle
or raceme
with 1 to 8 flower
s, showing a fringed or dentate margin. These species have a complex interaction with pollinator
s, resulting in pseudocopulation.
They are mostly Australian and are from its southern areas. There are four species in New Zealand
and another extends to New Caledonia
, Indonesia
and Malaysia. The south west corner of Western Australia
contains the most spectacular and numerous species, varieties and natural hybrids. The huge variation of form and colour of the species leads to a bewildering array and abundance of hybrids. Many are morphologically difficult to separate with some defying separation at present.
Recent taxonomy
revisions have, apparently, largely increased the number of species to more than 300 and split the genus into separate groups. For example, Caladenia filamentosa has been split into about 40 different species and subspecies, while a number of subspecies have been upgraded to the status of species (such as Caladenia fragrantissima subsp. orientalis to Caladenia orientalis). This further complicates the issues of identification. For example, Caladena ericksonea is, a naturally occurring hybrid of Caladena doutchiae and the red Caladena filamentosa and also of the hybrid of Caladena cairnsiana and the red Caladena filamentosa.
Whilst colour is an unreliable guide to identification with hybrids, it comes through strongly from one parent or the other for most hybrids whatever the parent species
Caladenia have generally proven difficult to maintain and cultivate artificially with those removed from their habitat rarely surviving more than a few years. The clumping of many of the species could be a result of tuber division or it could be because the seeds fall at the base of their parents and grow there.
The galleries demonstrate the huge variation within colonies and phytogeographic variation over the range north to south and east to west with ever changing climatic and habitat situations over the 150,000 km² of the south west of Western Australia.
There 243 species (as of 2005) and six subgenera.
Orchidoideae
The Orchidoideae, or the orchidoid orchids, are a subfamily of the orchid family .They typically contain the orchids with a single , fertile anther which is erect and basitonic....
of the orchid family (Orchidaceae
Orchidaceae
The Orchidaceae, commonly referred to as the orchid family, is a morphologically diverse and widespread family of monocots in the order Asparagales. Along with the Asteraceae, it is one of the two largest families of flowering plants, with between 21,950 and 26,049 currently accepted species,...
). The abbreviation Calda. is often used in trade journals to indicate the genus.
The subtribe Caladeniinae is considered polyphyletic, due to the alliance of Lyperanthus with the genera of Drakaeinae and Thelymitrinae.
Description
The scientific name is derived from the Greek words calos (meaning beautiful) and aden (meaning glands), referring to the colourful labellumLabellum
Labellum is the Latin diminutive of labium, meaning lip. These are anatomical terms used descriptively in biology, for example in Entomology and botany.-Botany:...
and the glistening glands at the base of the column
Column (botany)
The column, or technically the gynostemium, is a reproductive structure that can be found in several plant families: Aristolochiaceae, Orchidaceae, and Stylidiaceae....
that adorn many of the species.
The genus was described by Robert Brown
Robert Brown (botanist)
Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
in 1810 from specimens that he sighted in most Australian states, as a member of Matthew Flinders
Matthew Flinders
Captain Matthew Flinders RN was one of the most successful navigators and cartographers of his age. In a career that spanned just over twenty years, he sailed with Captain William Bligh, circumnavigated Australia and encouraged the use of that name for the continent, which had previously been...
' mapping and exploration voyage that circumnavigated Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
. Brown, with assistants, spent just over three years in Australia on botanical research.
The species are small to medium-sized terrestrial orchids. A single, hairy, lanceolate to oblong, basal leaf
Leaf
A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant, as defined in botanical terms, and in particular in plant morphology. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves as a feature of plants....
arises through sympodial
Sympodial
Sympodial means "with conjoined feet", and in biology is often used to refer to the outward morphology or mode of growth of organisms.-In botany:...
growth from underground tuber
Tuber
Tubers are various types of modified plant structures that are enlarged to store nutrients. They are used by plants to survive the winter or dry months and provide energy and nutrients for regrowth during the next growing season and they are a means of asexual reproduction...
s. The inflorescence is a panicle
Panicle
A panicle is a compound raceme, a loose, much-branched indeterminate inflorescence with pedicellate flowers attached along the secondary branches; in other words, a branched cluster of flowers in which the branches are racemes....
or raceme
Raceme
A raceme is a type of inflorescence that is unbranched and indeterminate and bears pedicellate flowers — flowers having short floral stalks called pedicels — along the axis. In botany, axis means a shoot, in this case one bearing the flowers. In a raceme, the oldest flowers are borne...
with 1 to 8 flower
Flower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs...
s, showing a fringed or dentate margin. These species have a complex interaction with pollinator
Pollinator
A pollinator is the biotic agent that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or syngamy of the female gamete in the ovule of the flower by the male gamete from the pollen grain...
s, resulting in pseudocopulation.
They are mostly Australian and are from its southern areas. There are four species in New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
and another extends to New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
, Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
and Malaysia. The south west corner of Western Australia
Western Australia
Western Australia is a state of Australia, occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east...
contains the most spectacular and numerous species, varieties and natural hybrids. The huge variation of form and colour of the species leads to a bewildering array and abundance of hybrids. Many are morphologically difficult to separate with some defying separation at present.
Recent taxonomy
Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species, and arranging them into a classification. The field of taxonomy, sometimes referred to as "biological taxonomy", revolves around the description and use of taxonomic units, known as taxa...
revisions have, apparently, largely increased the number of species to more than 300 and split the genus into separate groups. For example, Caladenia filamentosa has been split into about 40 different species and subspecies, while a number of subspecies have been upgraded to the status of species (such as Caladenia fragrantissima subsp. orientalis to Caladenia orientalis). This further complicates the issues of identification. For example, Caladena ericksonea is, a naturally occurring hybrid of Caladena doutchiae and the red Caladena filamentosa and also of the hybrid of Caladena cairnsiana and the red Caladena filamentosa.
Whilst colour is an unreliable guide to identification with hybrids, it comes through strongly from one parent or the other for most hybrids whatever the parent species
Caladenia have generally proven difficult to maintain and cultivate artificially with those removed from their habitat rarely surviving more than a few years. The clumping of many of the species could be a result of tuber division or it could be because the seeds fall at the base of their parents and grow there.
The galleries demonstrate the huge variation within colonies and phytogeographic variation over the range north to south and east to west with ever changing climatic and habitat situations over the 150,000 km² of the south west of Western Australia.
Synonyms
Arachnorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem, Caladeniastrum (Szlach.) Szlach., Calonemorchis Szlach., Drakonorchis (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., Glycorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., Jonesiopsis Szlach., Leptoceras (R.Br.) Lindl., Petalochilus R.S.Rogers, Phlebochilus (Benth.) Szlach. and Stegostyla D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem..Species
- Caladenia abbreviata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia actensis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. 1999
- Caladenia aestiva D.L.Jones 1991 - Mountain Summer Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia alata R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Fairy Caladenia - Caladenia amnicola D.L.Jones 1997
- Caladenia amoena D.L.Jones 1994 - Charming Spider Orchid
- Caladenia anthracina D.L.Jones 1998
- Caladenia applanata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 - Flat Caladenia
- Caladenia applanata applanata
- Caladenia applanata erubescens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia arenaria Fitzg. 1882
- Caladenia arenicolaCaladenia arenicolaThe Carousel Spider Orchid is species of geophytic orchid found in coastal areas of South-west Australia....
Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 - Caladenia argocalla D.L.Jones, 1991
- Caladenia arrecta Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia atkinsonii Rodway 1923
- Caladenia atradenia D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem. 1997
- Caladenia atrata D.L.Jones 1994
- Caladenia atrochila D.L.Jones 1998
- Caladenia atroclavia D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. 1988
- Caladenia attenuata (Brinsley) D.L.Jones 2000
- Caladenia attingens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia attingens attingens
- Caladenia attingens gracillima Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia audasii R.S.Rogers 1927 - McIvor Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia aurantiaca (R.S.Rogers) Rupp 1947 Orange-tip Caladenia
- Caladenia australis G.W.Carr 1991 - Southern Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia barbarella Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia barbarossa Rchb.f. 1871 - Bearded Caladenia
- Caladenia barbata Lindl. 1840
- Caladenia bartlettii (Hatch) D.L.Jones 1997
- Caladenia behrii Schltdl. 1847
- Caladenia bicalliata R.S.Rogers 1909
- Caladenia bicalliata bicalliata
- Caladenia bicalliata cleistogama Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia brachyscapa G.W.Carr 1988 - Short Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia brevisura Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia brownii Hopper 2001 - Brown's Caladenia
- Caladenia brumalis D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia bryceana R.S.Rogers 1914 - Bryce's Caladenia
- Caladenia bryceana subsp. bryceana
- Caladenia bryceana subsp. cracens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia busselliana Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia caesarea (Domin) M.A.Clem. & Hopper, 1989
- Caladenia caesarea caesarea
- Caladenia caesarea maritima Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia caesarea subsp. transiens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia cairnsiana F.Muell. 1870 - Cairns Caladenia
- Caladenia calcicola G.W.Carr 1986 - Limestone Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia callitrophila D.L.Jones 1999
- Caladenia calyciformis (R.S.Rogers) Hopper & A.P.Br. 2004
- Caladenia campbellii D.L.Jones 1998
- Caladenia capillata (Tate) D.L.Jones 2000 - Daddy long leg orchid
- Caladenia cardiochila Tate 1887 - Heart-lipped Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia carneaCaladenia carneaThe Pink Fingers Orchid is a deciduous terrestrial orchid species which grows throughout eastern Australia and Tasmania. It is the type species of the genus Caladenia....
R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Pink fingers orchid - Caladenia catenata (Sm.) Druce 1916 (publ. 1917) - White fingered orchid
- Caladenia caudata Nicholls 1948
- Caladenia chamaephylla D.L.Jones 1999
- Caladenia chapmanii Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia chlorostyla D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem. 1997
- Caladenia christineae Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia citrina Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia clarkiae D.L.Jones 1991 - Clarke's Caladenia
- Caladenia clavigera A.Cunn. ex Lindl. 1840 - Plain-lip Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia clavula D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia cleistantha D.L.Jones 1991 - Closed Caladenia
- Caladenia coactilis D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia colorata D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia concinna (Rupp) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. 1989
- Caladenia concolor Fitzg. 1882
- Caladenia conferta D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia congesta R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Black-tongue Caladenia - Caladenia corynephora A.S.GeorgeAlex GeorgeAlexander Segger George is a Western Australian botanist. He is the authority on the plant genera Banksia and Dryandra...
1971 - Helmet-carrying Caladenia - Caladenia cracens D.L.Jones 1996
- Caladenia crebra A.S.GeorgeAlex GeorgeAlexander Segger George is a Western Australian botanist. He is the authority on the plant genera Banksia and Dryandra...
1971 - Caladenia cristata R.S.Rogers 1923 - Comb-bearing Caladenia
- Caladenia cruciformis D.L.Jones 1999 - Red Cross Spider Orchid
- Caladenia cruscula Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia cucullata Fitzg. 1876 - Hooded Caladenia
- Caladenia curtisepala D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia decora Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia denticulata Lindl. 1839
- Caladenia dienema D.L.Jones 1998
- Caladenia dilatata R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Green-comb Spider-Orchid - Caladenia dimidia Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia dimorpha Fitzg. 1875
- Caladenia discoidea Lindl. 1839 - Bee orchid
- Caladenia dorrienii Domin 1912
- Caladenia doutchiae O.H.Sarg. 1921 - Doutch's Caladenia
- Caladenia drakeoides Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia drummondii Benth. 1873 - Drummond's Caladenia
- Caladenia dundasiae Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia echidnachila Nicholls 1933
- Caladenia elegansCaladenia elegansCaladenia elegans is an orchid species in the genus Caladenia....
Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 - Caladenia ensata Nicholls 1947 - Sword-shaped Caladenia
- Caladenia erythrochila Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia evanescens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia excelsa Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia exilis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia exilis exilis
- Caladenia exilis vanleeuwenii Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia exstans Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia falcata (Nicholls) M.A.Clem. & Hopper 1989 - Sickle-shaped Caladenia
- Caladenia ferruginea Nicholls 1947 : Rust-red Caladenia
- Caladenia filamentosa R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Thread-shaped Caladenia, daddy long legs - Caladenia filifera Lindl. 1839
- Caladenia fitzgeraldii Rupp 1942
- Caladenia flaccida D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia flavaCaladenia flavaThe Cowslip Orchid or Butter Orchid is species of orchid found across Southwest Australia.- Description :...
R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 : Cowslip orchid- Caladenia flava flava
- Caladenia flava maculata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia flava sylvestris Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia flavovirens G.W.Carr 1991 - Summer Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia footeana Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia formosa G.W.Carr 1991
- Caladenia fragrantissima D.L.Jones & G.W.Carr 1989 - Fragrant Caladenia
- Caladenia fulva G.W.Carr 1991
- Caladenia fuscata (Rchb.f.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 1989 - Dusky fingers orchid
- Caladenia fuscolutescens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia gardneri Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia georgei Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia gladiolata R.S.Rogers 1907
- Caladenia gracilis R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Musky Caladenia - Caladenia gracillima (Rupp) D.L.Jones 2000
- Caladenia graminifolia A.S.GeorgeAlex GeorgeAlexander Segger George is a Western Australian botanist. He is the authority on the plant genera Banksia and Dryandra...
1971 - Caladenia graniticola (Hopper & A.P.Br.) Hopper & A.P.Br. 2004
- Caladenia granitora Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia harringtoniae Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia hastata (Nicholls) Rupp 1942 Mellblom's Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia heberleana Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia helvina D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia hiemalis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia hillmanii D.L.Jones 1994
- Caladenia hirta Lindl. 1839 : Sugar Candy Orchid
- Caladenia hirta hirta
- Caladenia hirta rosea Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia hoffmanii Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia hoffmanii graniticola Hopper & A.P.Br (synonym of Arachnorchis graniticola (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem 2005)
- Caladenia horistes Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia huegelii Rchb.f. 1871 - Grand slipper orchid
- Caladenia incensa Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia incrassata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia infundibularis A.S.GeorgeAlex GeorgeAlexander Segger George is a Western Australian botanist. He is the authority on the plant genera Banksia and Dryandra...
1984 - Caladenia insularis G.W.Carr 1991 French Island Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia integraCaladenia integraThe Intact Caladenia is a species of orchid. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia....
E.Coleman 1932 (publ. 1933) - Intact Caladenia - Caladenia interjacens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia iridescens R.S.Rogers 1920 - Large White Spider Orchid
- Caladenia javanica Benn. ex Ridl. in H.O.Forbes 1885
- Caladenia latifoliaCaladenia latifoliaThe Pink Fairy Orchid is species of orchid found across southern Australia.- Description :Caladenia latifolia is a tuberous, perennial herb. The species epithet, latifolia, refers to the leaves which are basal, oblong-lanceolate, glabrous and up to 20 cm long...
R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Broad leafed Caladenia, (Austr.) pink fairies
- Caladenia leptochila Fitzg. 1882 - Delicate-lipped Caladenia, Narrow-lipped Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia leptoclavia D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia lindleyana (Rchb.f.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 1989
- Caladenia lobata Fitzg. 1882 - Lobed Caladenia
- Caladenia lodgeana Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicaudaCaladenia longicaudaThe Daddy Long Legs is a species of orchid. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia....
Lindl. 1839 : Long-petaled Caladenia- Caladenia longicauda albella Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda australora Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda borealis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda calcigena Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda clivicola Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda crassa Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda eminens (Domin) Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda longicauda
- Caladenia longicauda merrittii Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda redacta Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longicauda rigidula Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longiclavata E.Coleman 1930 - Long-clubbed Caladenia
- Caladenia longifimbriata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia longii R.S.Rogers 1932
- Caladenia lorea Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia lowanensis G.W.Carr 1991 - Wimmera Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia luteola Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia lyallii Hook.f. 1853
- Caladenia macroclavia D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia macrostylis Fitzg. 1882
- Caladenia magniclavata Nicholls 1947 - Large-clubbed Caladenia
- Caladenia magnifica (Nicholls) D.L.Jones & G.W.Carr 1989
- Caladenia marginataCaladenia marginataCaladenia marginata is a species of orchid which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It grows up to 20 cm in height and produces white flowers between September and November in its native range....
Lindl. 1839 - Caladenia maritima D.L.Jones 1999
- Caladenia melanema Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia mentiens D.L.Jones 1998 Cryptic Fingers
- Caladenia menziesii R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Hare Orchid - Caladenia meridionalis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia mesocera Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia microchila Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia minor Hook.f. 1853
- Caladenia montana G.W.Carr 1991 - Mountain Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia multiclavia Rchb.f. 1871
- Caladenia multiclavia brevicuspis Benth. 1873
- Caladenia multiclavia multiclavia
- Caladenia nana Endl. in J.G.C.Lehmann 1846 - Dwarf Caladenia
- Caladenia nana nana
- Caladenia nana unita (W.Fitzg.) Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia necrophylla D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia nivalis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia nobilis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia nothofageti D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem. 1997
- Caladenia occidentalis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia oenochila G.W.Carr 1991 - Red-lipped spider orchid, Wine-lipped Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia orientalis (G.W.Carr) Hopper & A.P.Br. 2004
- Caladenia ornata (Nicholls) D.L.Jones 2000 - Ornate Pink Fingers
- Caladenia ovata R.S.Rogers 1909
- Caladenia pachychila Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia pallida Lindl. 1840
- Caladenia paludosaCaladenia paludosaCaladenia paludosa is a species of orchid. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia....
Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 - Caladenia paradoxa Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia parva G.W.Carr 1991 - Small Greencomb spider orchid
- Caladenia patersonii R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810 - Cream Spider-orchid - Caladenia pectinata R.S.Rogers 1923 - Comb-like Caladenia
- Caladenia pendens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia pendens pendens
- Caladenia pendens talbotii Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia phaeoclavia D.L.Jones 1991 - Black-clubbed Caladenia
- Caladenia pholcoidea Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia pholcoidea augustensis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia pholcoidea pholcoidea
- Caladenia picta (Nicholls) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones ex Chapm. 1991
- Caladenia pilotensis D.L.Jones 1999 Mount Pilot Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia plicata Fitzg. 1882
- Caladenia polychroma Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia porphyrea D.L.Jones 1999
- Caladenia postea Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia procera Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia pulchra Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia pumila R.S.Rogers 1922 - Dwarf Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia pusilla W.M.Curtis 1979 - Small-flowered Caladenia
- Caladenia quadrifaria (R.S.Rogers) D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia radialis R.S.Rogers 1927 - Ray-shaped Caladenia
- Caladenia radiata Nicholls 1949 - Rayed Caladenia
- Caladenia remota Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia remota parva Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia remota remota
- Caladenia reptans Lindl. 1839 - Crawling Caladenia
- Caladenia reptans impensa Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia reptans reptans
- Caladenia reticulata Fitzg. 1882 - Netted Caladenia
- Caladenia rhomboidiformis (E.Coleman) M.A.Clem. & Hopper 1989 - Diamond-shaped Caladenia
- Caladenia richardsiorum D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia rigens D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia rigida R.S.Rogers 1930
- Caladenia rileyi D.L.Jones 1997
- Caladenia robinsoniiCaladenia robinsoniiCaladenia robinsonii, commonly known as the Frankston Spider Orchid is a rare species of orchid which is endemic to Victoria, Australia. A shoot arises from the tuber each year in the early autumn producing a solitary leaf in May...
G.W.Carr 1991 - Frankston Spider-Orchid - Caladenia roei Benth. 1873 - Roe's Caladenia
- Caladenia rosella G.W.Carr 1988 - Rosella spider orchid
- Caladenia saccata (R.S.Rogers) Hopper & A.P.Br. 2004
- Caladenia saggicola D.L.Jones 1998
- Caladenia sanguinea D.L.Jones 1999
- Caladenia septuosa D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia serotina Hopper & A.P.Br. 2002
- Caladenia sigmoidea R.S.Rogers 1938
- Caladenia speciosa opper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia splendens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia startiorum opper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia stellata D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia stricta (R.J.Bates) R.J.Bates 1987 - Upright spider orchid
- Caladenia subtilis D.L.Jones 1999
- Caladenia sylvicola D.L.Jones 1998
- Caladenia tensa G.W.Carr 1991 - Rigid Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia tentaculata Tate 1889 - Large greencomb spider orchid
- Caladenia tessellata Fitzg. 1876
- Caladenia testacea R.Br.Robert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
1810- Caladenia testacea hildae (Pescott & Nicholls) Nicholls 1939
- Caladenia testacea testacea
- Caladenia thinicola Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia thysanochila G.W.Carr 1991 - Fringed Spider-orchid
- Caladenia tonellii D.L.Jones 1998
- Caladenia toxochila Tate 1889 - Bow-lip Orchid
- Caladenia transitoria D.L.Jones 1998 - Transitory Caladenia
- Caladenia uliginosa A.S.GeorgeAlex GeorgeAlexander Segger George is a Western Australian botanist. He is the authority on the plant genera Banksia and Dryandra...
1984- Caladenia uliginosa candicans Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia uliginosa patulens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia uliginosa uliginosa
- Caladenia ultima Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia valida (Nicholls) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 1989 - Robust Spider-Orchd
- Caladenia variegata Colenso 1885
- Caladenia venusta G.W.Carr 1991 - Large white spider orchid
- Caladenia verrucosa G.W.Carr 1991 - Mallee Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia versicolor G.W.Carr 1991 - Candy Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia villosissima (G.W.Carr) Hopper & A.P.Br. 2004 - Hairy Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia viridescens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia voigtii Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001: Voigt's Caladenia
- Caladenia vulgaris D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia vulgata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia wanosa A.S.GeorgeAlex GeorgeAlexander Segger George is a Western Australian botanist. He is the authority on the plant genera Banksia and Dryandra...
1984 - Caladenia williamsiae Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia winfieldii Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia woolcockiorum D.L.Jones 1991
- Caladenia xantha Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001
- Caladenia xanthochila D.Beards. & C.Beards 1992 - Yellow-lipped Spider-Orchid
- Caladenia xantholeuca D.L.Jones 1991
Natural hybrids
- Caladenia × aestantha Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. corynephora × C. serotina) (synonym : Arachnorchis x aestantha (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem, 2005)
- Caladenia × cala Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. falcata × C. longicauda) (synonym : Arachnorchis x cala (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem 2005)
- Caladenia × coactescens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. crebra × C. longicauda) (synonym : Arachnorchis x coactescens (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem 2005)
- Caladenia × eludens Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. chapmanii × C. splendens)
- Caladenia × enigma Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. barbarossa × C. longicauda)
- Caladenia × ericksonae Nicholls 1950 (C. cairnsiana × C. filifera)
- Caladenia × erminea Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. flava × C. marginata)
- Caladenia × exoleta Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. dimidia × C. roei)
- Caladenia × exserta Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. longicauda × C. uliginosa) (synonym : Arachnorchis x exserta (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem 2005)
- Caladenia × hypata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. lobata × C. longicauda) (synonym : Arachnorchis x hypata (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem 2005)
- Caladenia × idiastes Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. gardneri × C. latifolia)
- Caladenia × lavandulacea R.S.Rogers 1927 (C. denticulata × C. doutchiae)
- Caladenia × ornata Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. drakeoides × C. exilis)
- Caladenia × resupina Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. horistes × C. multiclavia)
- Caladenia × spectabilis Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. flava × C. latifolia)
- Caladenia × suffusa Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. hirta × C. longicauda) (synonym : Arachnorchis x suffusa (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem 2005)
- Caladenia × triangularis R.S.Rogers 1927 (C. flava × C. longicauda)
- Caladenia × tryphera Hopper & A.P.Br. 2001 (C. microchila × C. sigmoidea)
- Caladenia × variabilis Nicholls 1950 (C. cardiochila × C. fragrantissima)
External links
- Gallery of images - Orchid Society of Western Australia