Brig Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador
Encyclopedia
Brig Bay is a village in Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador is the easternmost province of Canada. Situated in the country's Atlantic region, it incorporates the island of Newfoundland and mainland Labrador with a combined area of . As of April 2011, the province's estimated population is 508,400...

.

The name

The name Brig Bay derived from the name "Brig
Brig
A brig is a sailing vessel with two square-rigged masts. During the Age of Sail, brigs were seen as fast and manoeuvrable and were used as both naval warships and merchant vessels. They were especially popular in the 18th and early 19th centuries...

" for a sailing ship. In his ship's log, Captain James Cook
James Cook
Captain James Cook, FRS, RN was a British explorer, navigator and cartographer who ultimately rose to the rank of captain in the Royal Navy...

 referred to the area around today's Brig Bay and Plum Point, as "Old Ferrole" when he mapped the North West Coast of Newfoundland in 1764 and 1765. The island fronting the two communities, now known as Darby's Island, is still shown on some maps as "Old Ferrole Island". The name "Ferrole" was most likely adopted by early Basque fishermen who chose a name from their mother country for this pleasant little bay. The name "Brig" was adopted by the French who occupied the bay after Basque occupation and prior to English occupation. The bay provided a safe and well sheltered harbour for 2-3 ships the size of Brigs.

History and Economy

Jacques Cartier mentions the hills behind Brig Bay in his log of 1534. He referred to the two dominant hills lying to the south west of the bay as the granges (barns in English). Today these hills are known as "Doctor's Hills" .

Brig Bay was first mapped by Captain James Cook in September of 1764.
You can find Cook's reference to Old Ferrole when describing the terrain around the geographical co-ordinates for modern day Brig Bay.

Cook's log indicates European fishermen were using the small bay at the time of his mapping. In his log he mentions "fishing stages" along the shoreline but does not specify whether they were owned and occupied by French or Basque fishermen. The fishermen were likely French though as a French owned lobster cannery (factory) was still operating at Brig Bay in the latter part of the 19th century. In his book, "A History of Newfoundland", D.W. Prowse refers to the French owned lobster factory at Brig Bay operated by a Mr Belin in 1892. The cannery was last operated by Louis Gar(r)eau, a native of St. Malo, France.
Brig Bay was shared by the French and English/Newfoundland fishermen after the Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris (1783)
The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain on the one hand and the United States of America and its allies on the other. The other combatant nations, France, Spain and the Dutch Republic had separate agreements; for details of...

 and until the turn of the 20th century.
Though the mother countries were frequently warring, their subjects were sometimes living together peacefully in Newfoundland. For instance many of the present population of Brig Bay are the descendants of an English/Newfoundland lady, Judith House of Daniel's Harbour and Pierre (Peter) Samson of Dinan
Dinan
Dinan is a walled Breton town and a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department in northwestern France.-Geography:Its geographical setting is exceptional. Instead of nestling on the valley floor like Morlaix, most urban development has been on the hillside, overlooking the river Rance...

 (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dinan&oldid=347554940), France who met and married at Daniel's Harbour in 1886.

When Newfoundland fishermen arrived to displace the French in the late 1890s and early 20th century they originated from the East coast of Newfoundland, some via the Bay of Islands (Wells) on the West coast. Surnames of some of the earlier settlers were Jackman, Wells, Sheppard, Allingham, Hoddinott, Spingle, Lawless, and Samson.
Other families soon followed, including Cunard, and Payne, by 1945 the population had nearly doubled.
Etheridge, Rogers and Brown came later.
The fishery was the mainstay industry of Brig Bay until the logging industry ramped up in the late 1920s and both logging and fishing were the major sources of employment until the 1970s.
Another significant employer thru the 1950s/1960s-was a fishery co-operative, the Brig Bay CO-OP. The CO-OP acted as an agent for seal skins and salted dried cod and also operated a general store.
A trucking firm (Coastal Trucking) also employed several people from the 1960s- 1990s. This later became Hoddinott's Sales and Service.

Geology

Brig Bay village is built on a very thin layer of soil that overlies deep-water gray limestones. The limestones formed from silt deposited nearly 500 million years ago at the coast of the Iapetus Ocean, the precursor of today's Atlantic Ocean. If one looks closely, Ordovician period gastropod fossils can be found in the limestones. Evidence of the last ice age that ended less than 10,000 years ago is abundant in the glacial striations found in the bedrock and the erratic granite boulders lying on the limestones. The raised beaches indicate that the land continues to rebound from the sea as a result of reducing pressure from the melted massive ice sheet that covered the land during the glacial period.

Population

In the early part of the 20th century the population of Brig Bay averaged fewer than 50. Peak population occurred in the 1970s when the population reached nearly 250. The logging industry slowly died out and the Canadian Cod Moratorium put an end to the cod fishing industry in the early 90s. Some fishermen were able to continue by catching other species including lobster, shrimp and scallops. The European ban on seal skins put an end to that industry. Since the 1970s the population has slowly out- migrated to other destinations in Newfoundland and the mainland of Canada. Today the population is not much more than it was in the early 20th century.

Religion

The primary religion in Brig Bay is Anglican. There are a few people of Pentecostal and Catholic faith. The Anglican church, The Church of the Advent, in Plum Point is shared by the Anglican population in the vicinity.

Education

Brig Bay's first school was a one room schoolhouse, St. Matthews, built by Frederick W Hoddinott, a fine carpenter and one of Brig Bay's earliest permanent residents. After the town outgrew the schoolhouse it was acquired by Frederick's grandson and moved to the south east side of the bay for use as a small movie theatre and replaced by a larger school that now serves as a community center. Fred was brother-in-law to Kenneth Sheppard, another early resident of Brig Bay.
Teachers for St. Matthews were normally recruited from eastern Newfoundland and often married within the community and remained there. Some early teachers were Hatcher and Hounsell and later Warren, Rogers, Ludlow and Green.

Medical Services

Brig Bay has never had a hospital or a medical clinic. Medical services were provided by the Grenfell Mission headquartered in St. Anthony. Before the 1970s, Grenfell nurses would routinely visit the community once or twice a year to provide a rudimentary medical service to the inhabitants. Well known nurses were Miss Ross and Miss Foukes, both British. They were highly trained and skilled and were greatly appreciated. Today medical services are available at clinics in Port Saunders or at Flowers Cove.

How To Get There

By Air: Fly to the airport at Deer Lake then take the Viking Trail (Hwy 430) North to Brig Bay. The route will take you through the beautiful Gros Morne National Park. Distance from Deer Lake is 282 km or 3 hours drive. Link to Deer Lake airport > http://www.deerlakeairport.com/

Brig Bay natives (Military Service)

SAMSON, Thomas G, Able Seaman, C/JX 181421, MPK - Served in WW II with the Royal Navy. Died in action on the aircraft carrier "Avenger" on 15 Nov 1942.

HMS Avenger was sunk by a German submarine U-155 as she was heading back from Africa to her home port Clyde on 15 November 1942. The explosion that sank her left only 12 survivors out of a total crew of 550 men. The Avenger sank approximately 45 miles south of Faro, Portugal
Faro, Portugal
Faro is the southernmost city in Portugal. It is located in the Faro Municipality in southern Portugal. The city proper has 41,934 inhabitants and the entire municipality has 58,305. It is the seat of the Faro District and capital of the Algarve region...

. She was one of three US-built Royal Navy escort carriers sunk in World War II. Able Seaman Samson's name can be found on the casualty list for the Avenger 15 Nov, 1942.

HODDINOTT, Howard, Harvey, Flt Sgt, 1344173 - Served in WW II with the RCAF. His aircraft was shot down over Holland May 5, 1943, when the Vickers Wellington
Vickers Wellington
The Vickers Wellington was a British twin-engine, long range medium bomber designed in the mid-1930s at Brooklands in Weybridge, Surrey, by Vickers-Armstrongs' Chief Designer, R. K. Pierson. It was widely used as a night bomber in the early years of the Second World War, before being displaced as a...

 (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Wellington&oldid=335024589) bomber he crewed in was intercepted and hit by a German Messerschmitt Bf 110
Messerschmitt Bf 110
The Messerschmitt Bf 110, often called Me 110, was a twin-engine heavy fighter in the service of the Luftwaffe during World War II. Hermann Göring was a proponent of the Bf 110, and nicknamed it his Eisenseiten...

 (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Messerschmitt_Bf_110&oldid=353023426) fighter aircraft. After the crash he was captured by German soldiers and survived two years as a POW. Freed at the end of the war he recovered in a hospital in Britain where he met a Scottish nurse (Jenny (Jan)) who became his wife. He then enjoyed a career as an educator in Edinburgh, Scotland.

POW list at this link:
more info here http://www.rcl-europe.org/Wilnis_2002/Wilnis_2002.htm more info http://www.legionmagazine.com/en/index.php/2003/03/three-canadian-airmen-laid-to-rest/

HODDINOTT, Gordon - Served in WWII with Royal Navy - http://www.heritage.nf.ca/law/royal_navy.html - need more info

HODDINOTT, Walter - Served in WW II with Royal Navy -http://www.heritage.nf.ca/law/royal_navy.html -Served on aircraft carrier HMS Tracker (D24)
HMS Tracker (D24)
|...

 (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Tracker_(D24)&oldid=318765464) more info on HMS Tracker here > http://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk/ESCORT/TRACKER.htm. After WWII both Walter and Gordon lived in Cormack, Newfoundland and Labrador
Cormack, Newfoundland and Labrador
Cormack is a farming community on the Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland.-Foundation:Cormack was originally created following World War II by the Commission of Government as an agricultural settlement for the relocation of returning war veterans...

.
  • Note: Harvey, Walter and Gordon were brothers, sons of Frederick Hoddinott and Rosannah (Sheppard)


HODDINOTT, Wade, Colonel, V61525148 - Served in Canadian Forces - Air Force 1976-2006.
Accumulated 6000 flying hours as pilot and navigator on a number of aircraft including the Piper Cherokee
Piper Cherokee
The Piper PA-28 Cherokee is a family of light aircraft designed for flight training, air taxi, and personal use. It is built by Piper Aircraft....

,
CT-134 Musketeer
CT-134 Musketeer
|-See also:-External links:*...

, Canadair CL-41 Tutor, Canadair CL-66
Canadair CL-66
-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Molson, Ken M. and Harold A. Taylor. Canadian Aircraft Since 1909. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc., 1982. ISBN 0-920002-11-0....

, C-130 Hercules
C-130 Hercules
The Lockheed C-130 Hercules is a four-engine turboprop military transport aircraft designed and built originally by Lockheed, now Lockheed Martin. Capable of using unprepared runways for takeoffs and landings, the C-130 was originally designed as a troop, medical evacuation, and cargo transport...

 and the T-43 Bobcat, while on exchange duties with the USAF. Participated in the Sarajevo Airlift aka Operation Provide Promise
Operation Provide Promise
Operation Provide Promise was a humanitarian relief operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Yugoslav Wars, from 2 July 1992, to 9 January 1996, which made it the longest running humanitarian airlift in history....

  during the Siege of Sarajevo
Siege of Sarajevo
The Siege of Sarajevo is the longest siege of a capital city in the history of modern warfare. Serb forces of the Republika Srpska and the Yugoslav People's Army besieged Sarajevo, the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, from 5 April 1992 to 29 February 1996 during the Bosnian War.After Bosnia...

. Flew in support of the United Nations operations in Africa during the Rwandan Genocide
Rwandan Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass murder of an estimated 800,000 people in the small East African nation of Rwanda. Over the course of approximately 100 days through mid-July, over 500,000 people were killed, according to a Human Rights Watch estimate...

 of 1994. Teacher/mentor at Canadian Forces College
Canadian Forces College
The Canadian Forces College is a military school for senior and general officers of the Canadian Forces. The college provides military education courses meant to enable officers to effectively provide leadership within the Canadian Forces. Additionally, the Non-Commissioned Members Profession...

. Commanded a Canadian CC-130 Hercules Squadron, No. 426 Squadron RCAF
No. 426 Squadron RCAF
426 Transport Training Squadron is a unit of the Canadian Forces under Royal Canadian Air Force, located at CFB Trenton in Trenton, Ontario. It originated as a squadron in the Royal Canadian Air Force that fought during the Second World War as a bomber squadron.The motto of the squadron is "On...

, from 1996-1999 - lifetime member of 426 Sqn Association. Command Director of NORAD Command Center at Cheyenne Mountain
Cheyenne Mountain
Cheyenne Mountain is a mountain located just outside the southwest side of Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S., and is home to the Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station and its Cheyenne Mountain Directorate, formerly known as the Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center .Throughout the Cold War and...

 Operations Center 2001-2005, and Director of CMOC Plans and Training 2004-2005. Senior Canadian Representative to United States Central Command
United States Central Command
The United States Central Command is a theater-level Unified Combatant Command unit of the U.S. armed forces, established in 1983 under the operational control of the U.S. Secretary of Defense...

 in 2006 during preparations for deployment of Canadian troops to Afghanistan. Graduate of Memorial University with a BSc and of the Air University (United States Air Force) with MSc in Strategic Studies.
Awarded Canada Decoration 1 & 2 and the Meritorious Service Medal (United States)
Meritorious Service Medal (United States)
The Meritorious Service Medal is a military decoration presented to members of the United States Armed Forces who distinguished themselves by outstanding meritorious achievement or service to the United States subsequent to January 16, 1969...

from the USA.

SHEPPARD, Heber - Service number 181423 - Served in WW II with Royal Navy ( Newfoundland Navy) .

SHEPPARD, Karl Oscar - Service #2971- He was a WWI I Veteran who served his country in the Forestry Division in Scotland. He enlisted on July 26, 1940 and was discharged December 18, 1945.

  • Note: Heber and Karl were brothers, sons of Kenneth and Katherine ( Kate) Sheppard

Brig Bay natives ( Fishing Industry)

ALLINGHAM Ralph, and sons - More than 30 years of successful fishing operations from Brig Bay/
SAMSONS, Hiram, Donald and Maitland - Careers with Canada's Federal Fisheries Organization

Brig Bay natives ( Education)

HODDINOTT, Howard,Harvey—After service in World War II became a teacher/educator in Edinburgh, Scotland/
HODDINOTT, Harvey—Career as teacher in Northern and Western Newfoundland/
HODDINOTT, Susan, (PhD) --Teacher/Educator, College of the North Atlantic, St. John's, NL/
HODDINOTT, David—Teacher, Eastern Newfoundland/
HODDINOTT, Merrill—Teacher, School Principal/
SAMSON, Conrad—Spent career teaching High School in Brig Bay and area/
SAMSON, Ward—Career as teacher in Northern Newfoundland
SAMSON,Kevin—Career as teacher in Northern Newfoundland
CUNARD, Gervase—Career teaching in Northern Newfoundland/
(CUNARD), FARRELL, Vivian—Career as teacher in Newfoundland and Nova Scotia/

Brig Bay natives (Medicine/Health)

WELLS, Sarah Jane —Mid-wife, delivered approx 180 babies in days before medical services available
Sheppard, Katherine—Mid-wife, delivered many babies, took over from Sarah Wells
(SAMSON), GENGE, Sheila—Career as nurse in Flower's Cove medical clinic/
HODDINOTT, Daisy—Career as nurse/
HODDINOTT, Shawnie—Career as nurse/

Brig Bay natives (Business)

SAMSON, William—One of the founders and long time manager of Brig Bay CO-OP/
HODDINOTT, Clyde & Amy—Founders and owners of Sea Breeze, Coastal Trucking and Hoddinott's Sales and Service/
HODDINOTT, Clyde Jr. --Owner/Operator of Hoddinott's Sales and Service and NAPA Auto/
HODDINOTT, Ralph—One of the first chainsaw and snowmobile dealers in Newfoundland/
CUNARD, Ann and Eric-Owners/Operators of Cut & Wrap Ltd.

External links

Jacques Cartier bio > http://www.nndb.com/people/639/000094357/

Reference book >http://www.amazon.com/European-Discovery-America-Northern-D/dp/0195013778

Electronic version of Log of Captain James Cook, Cook in Newfoundland in 1764 September to December, Scroll to 23 rd Sep to see log remarks on Old Ferrole > >http://pages.quicksilver.net.nz/jcr/newf1764sep

Link to Rev Howley in NFLD Quarterly > http://www.holyroodgen.net/445/bayrobharmain/

History French Shore of Newfoundland > http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/NFLDHistory/FrenchOccupationandFrenchShoreofNewfoundland.htm
more here> http://www.heritage.nf.ca/exploration/f_presence.html

Brig Bay Ancestry > http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cannf/npstbn_1921cens_brigbay.htm

Brig Bay Ancestry > http://ngb.chebucto.org/C1945/45-brig-bay-stb.shtml

NL Heritage Fishery > http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/19th_cod.html

NL Heritage Logging > http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/loggers.html

Ancestry Frederick Hoddinott fm Guppy family history > http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=rossbus&id=I16529

Book The Sheppards are Coming > http://www.tidespoint.com/books/sheppards.shtml

Newfoundland Heritage Grenfell Mission > http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/grenfellmission.html

Deer Lake Airport > http://www.deerlakeairport.com/

History Royal Navy > http://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-05CVE-Avenger.htm

HMS AVENGER story > http://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk/ESCORT/AVENGER.htm

History Royal Navy > http://www.naval-history.net/xDKCas1942-11NOV2.htm

Veterans Affairs Canada > http://www.vac-acc.gc.ca/general/sub.cfm?source=department/press/viewrelease&id=194

RAF POWs > http://www.rafcommands.com/Air%20Force%20PoWs/RAF%20POWs%20Query%20H_1.html

Newfoundland/Royal Navy > http://www.heritage.nf.ca/law/royal_navy.html

Newfoundland Overseas Forestry Services WW II > http://www.heritage.nf.ca/law/forestry_unit.html

Hoddinott Survives Bomber Crash > http://www.rcl-europe.org/Wilnis_2002/Wilnis_2002.htm more >
  • http://www.legionmagazine.com/en/index.php/2003/03/three-canadian-airmen-laid-to-rest/

Links to Bibliography

Bibliography: Writings on Early French and Basque in Newfoundland> http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/early_franco_biblio.html
and http://openlibrary.org/b/OL18142226M/Basque_coast_of_Newfoundland
  • http://nl.canadagenweb.org/npstbn_1898_brigbay.htm
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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