Boris Morukov
Encyclopedia
Boris Vladimirovich Morukov ' onMouseout='HidePop("64642")' href="/topics/Moscow">Moscow
, Russia
) is a Russia
n physician
at the State Research Center RF-Institute for Biomedical Problems (IBMP). He trained with the Russian Federal Space Agency
as a research-cosmonaut and flew aboard NASA
Space Shuttle mission STS-106
as a mission specialist
.
Morukov graduated from high school in 1967 and received his M.D.
from the 2nd Moscow Medical Institute (now Russian State Medical University) in 1973. He joined the professorate in space
, aviation
and naval medicine at the Institute for Biomedical Problems in 1978 and received a Ph.D.
in these disciplines in 1979.
As a cosmonaut-physician, Morukov completed medical training in cardiology
, gastroenterology
, otolaryngology
, stomatology
, ophthalmology
, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation
between 1989-1991. In 1995, he took an advanced course in emergency medical care. In 1996, he completed a medical training course in endocrinology
and hematology
.
From October 1990 to February 1992, Morukov attended a basic space-training course at Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
1978-1984 Researcher in the Institute for Biomedical Problems (IBMP).
1984-1988 Senior Researcher in the Institute for Biomedical Problems.
1988-1989 Chief of Department of Metabolism
and Its Regulation, IBMP.
1989-1994 Cosmonaut-Researcher
, Chief Laboratory of Metabolism and Immunology
, IBMP.
1995-1998 Cosmonaut-Researcher, Chief Division of the State Research Center RF-Institute for Biomedical Problems.
For more than 20 years, Morukov has been involved in providing medical operations support for manned space flights. From 1979-1980 he provided medical support for the prolonged space missions on the space station "Salyut 6
" as a member of the staff in Mission Control Center
.
From 1982 to 1987 Boris Morukov coordinated scientific projects dedicated to the development of countermeasures to the negative metabolic changes that occur during hypokinesia
and microgravity. His specific scientific interest in this area is calcium metabolism correction. He organized a series of experiments with prolonged head-down tilt, including a 370-day experiment dedicated to the experimental testing of a countermeasure complex for prolonged space flights.
Morukov participated in a joint American-Russian medical experiment on STS-60
, Mir 18/STS-71
and all other Mir-NASA
Project Missions. From 1995 to 1998 he served as the Human Life-Sciences Experiments Coordinator for the NASA-Mir scientific program.
Morukov has published more than 100 scientific papers and has patents for four inventions.
From January to July 1993, Morukov completed a technical, medical and scientific training course as a cosmonaut-researcher of the cosmonaut-physician flight on-board Mir
Station Project (during Mir 15-17 Missions).
From November 1997 to February 1998, he completed a regularly scheduled technical training course, which included ISS Russian-segment systems.
From August 1998 to January 1999, Morukov attended the Flight-Surgeon Training Course at Johnson Space Center.
Morukov served on the crew of STS-106
(September 8–20, 2000). The STS-106 crew successfully prepared the International Space Station
for the arrival of the first permanent crew. The five astronauts and two cosmonauts delivered more than 6,600 pounds of supplies and installed batteries
, power converters, a toilet
and a treadmill on the Space Station. Two crew members performed a space walk in order to connect power, data and communications cables to the newly arrived Zvezda Service Module and the Space Station.
Morukov logged 11 days, 19 hours, and 10 minutes in space.
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
) is a Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n physician
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
at the State Research Center RF-Institute for Biomedical Problems (IBMP). He trained with the Russian Federal Space Agency
Russian Federal Space Agency
The Russian Federal Space Agency , commonly called Roscosmos and abbreviated as FKA and RKA , is the government agency responsible for the Russian space science program and general aerospace research. It was previously the Russian Aviation and Space Agency .Headquarters of Roscosmos are located...
as a research-cosmonaut and flew aboard NASA
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research...
Space Shuttle mission STS-106
STS-106
STS-106 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis.-Crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass:**Orbiter Liftoff: **Orbiter Landing: **Payload: *Perigee: 233 mi...
as a mission specialist
Mission Specialist
A Mission Specialist is a position held by certain NASA astronauts during Space Shuttle missions. A Mission Specialist is assigned to a limited field of the mission, such as for medical experiments or technical quests....
.
Biography
Morukov is married to Nina M. Morukova and they have a son (Ivan) and daughter (Olga). Morukov’s mother, Lidia F. Khromova, resides in Moscow. His father, Vladimir D. Morukov, is deceased. He enjoys reading, watching movies and cooking.Morukov graduated from high school in 1967 and received his M.D.
Doctor of Medicine
Doctor of Medicine is a doctoral degree for physicians. The degree is granted by medical schools...
from the 2nd Moscow Medical Institute (now Russian State Medical University) in 1973. He joined the professorate in space
Outer space
Outer space is the void that exists between celestial bodies, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles: predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium, as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, and neutrinos....
, aviation
Aviation
Aviation is the design, development, production, operation, and use of aircraft, especially heavier-than-air aircraft. Aviation is derived from avis, the Latin word for bird.-History:...
and naval medicine at the Institute for Biomedical Problems in 1978 and received a Ph.D.
Doctor of Philosophy
Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated as Ph.D., PhD, D.Phil., or DPhil , in English-speaking countries, is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities...
in these disciplines in 1979.
As a cosmonaut-physician, Morukov completed medical training in cardiology
Cardiology
Cardiology is a medical specialty dealing with disorders of the heart . The field includes diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology...
, gastroenterology
Gastroenterology
Gastroenterology is the branch of medicine whereby the digestive system and its disorders are studied. The name is a combination of three Ancient Greek words gaster , enteron , and logos...
, otolaryngology
Otolaryngology
Otolaryngology or ENT is the branch of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders....
, stomatology
Stomatology
Stomatology is the branch of medicine and dentistry relating to the mouth and mouth disease. It was practiced by physicians as a medical specialty in the early 20th century in the United States but these concerns are now largely handled by dentists....
, ophthalmology
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. An ophthalmologist is a specialist in medical and surgical eye problems...
, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an emergency procedure which is performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person in cardiac arrest. It is indicated in those who are unresponsive...
between 1989-1991. In 1995, he took an advanced course in emergency medical care. In 1996, he completed a medical training course in endocrinology
Endocrinology
Endocrinology is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions called hormones, the integration of developmental events such as proliferation, growth, and differentiation and the coordination of...
and hematology
Hematology
Hematology, also spelled haematology , is the branch of biology physiology, internal medicine, pathology, clinical laboratory work, and pediatrics that is concerned with the study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases...
.
From October 1990 to February 1992, Morukov attended a basic space-training course at Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
1978-1984 Researcher in the Institute for Biomedical Problems (IBMP).
1984-1988 Senior Researcher in the Institute for Biomedical Problems.
1988-1989 Chief of Department of Metabolism
Metabolism
Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that happen in the cells of living organisms to sustain life. These processes allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. Metabolism is usually divided into two categories...
and Its Regulation, IBMP.
1989-1994 Cosmonaut-Researcher
Researcher
A researcher is somebody who performs research, the search for knowledge or in general any systematic investigation to establish facts. Researchers can work in academic, industrial, government, or private institutions.-Examples of research institutions:...
, Chief Laboratory of Metabolism and Immunology
Immunology
Immunology is a broad branch of biomedical science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. It deals with the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders ; the...
, IBMP.
1995-1998 Cosmonaut-Researcher, Chief Division of the State Research Center RF-Institute for Biomedical Problems.
For more than 20 years, Morukov has been involved in providing medical operations support for manned space flights. From 1979-1980 he provided medical support for the prolonged space missions on the space station "Salyut 6
Salyut 6
Salyut 6 , DOS-5, was a Soviet orbital space station, the eighth flown as part of the Salyut programme. Launched on 29 September 1977 by a Proton rocket, the station was the first of the 'second-generation' type of space station. Salyut 6 possessed several revolutionary advances over the earlier...
" as a member of the staff in Mission Control Center
Mission Control Center
A mission control center is an entity that manages aerospace vehicle flights, usually from the point of lift-off until the landing or the end of the mission. A staff of flight controllers and other support personnel monitor all aspects of the mission using telemetry, and send commands to the...
.
From 1982 to 1987 Boris Morukov coordinated scientific projects dedicated to the development of countermeasures to the negative metabolic changes that occur during hypokinesia
Hypokinesia
Hypokinesia refers to decreased bodily movement. It is associated with basal ganglia diseases , mental health disorders and prolonged inactivity due to illness, amongst other diseases.Hypokinesia describes a spectrum of disorders:...
and microgravity. His specific scientific interest in this area is calcium metabolism correction. He organized a series of experiments with prolonged head-down tilt, including a 370-day experiment dedicated to the experimental testing of a countermeasure complex for prolonged space flights.
Morukov participated in a joint American-Russian medical experiment on STS-60
STS-60
STS-60 was the first mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, which carried Sergei K. Krikalev, the first Russian cosmonaut to fly aboard a Space Shuttle. The mission used Space Shuttle Discovery, which lifted off from Launch Pad 39A on 3 February 1994 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida...
, Mir 18/STS-71
STS-71
STS-71 was the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, which carried out the first Space Shuttle docking to Mir, a Russian space station. The mission used Space Shuttle Atlantis, which lifted off from launch pad 39A on 27 June 1995 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida...
and all other Mir-NASA
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research...
Project Missions. From 1995 to 1998 he served as the Human Life-Sciences Experiments Coordinator for the NASA-Mir scientific program.
Morukov has published more than 100 scientific papers and has patents for four inventions.
Spaceflight experience
Morukov was first selected for medical-cosmonaut service in 1976. Based on his qualifications, he was continually offered medical-cosmonaut selection and was chosen as a cosmonaut-researcher in 1989. Upon completion of his basic cosmonaut-training in 1992, he became a cosmonaut-researcher in the Institute for Biomedical Problems.From January to July 1993, Morukov completed a technical, medical and scientific training course as a cosmonaut-researcher of the cosmonaut-physician flight on-board Mir
Mir
Mir was a space station operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, at first by the Soviet Union and then by Russia. Assembled in orbit from 1986 to 1996, Mir was the first modular space station and had a greater mass than that of any previous spacecraft, holding the record for the...
Station Project (during Mir 15-17 Missions).
From November 1997 to February 1998, he completed a regularly scheduled technical training course, which included ISS Russian-segment systems.
From August 1998 to January 1999, Morukov attended the Flight-Surgeon Training Course at Johnson Space Center.
Morukov served on the crew of STS-106
STS-106
STS-106 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis.-Crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass:**Orbiter Liftoff: **Orbiter Landing: **Payload: *Perigee: 233 mi...
(September 8–20, 2000). The STS-106 crew successfully prepared the International Space Station
International Space Station
The International Space Station is a habitable, artificial satellite in low Earth orbit. The ISS follows the Salyut, Almaz, Cosmos, Skylab, and Mir space stations, as the 11th space station launched, not including the Genesis I and II prototypes...
for the arrival of the first permanent crew. The five astronauts and two cosmonauts delivered more than 6,600 pounds of supplies and installed batteries
Battery (electricity)
An electrical battery is one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Since the invention of the first battery in 1800 by Alessandro Volta and especially since the technically improved Daniell cell in 1836, batteries have become a common power...
, power converters, a toilet
Toilet
A toilet is a sanitation fixture used primarily for the disposal of human excrement, often found in a small room referred to as a toilet/bathroom/lavatory...
and a treadmill on the Space Station. Two crew members performed a space walk in order to connect power, data and communications cables to the newly arrived Zvezda Service Module and the Space Station.
Morukov logged 11 days, 19 hours, and 10 minutes in space.