Bernina Express
Encyclopedia
The Bernina Express is an express train connecting Chur
Chur
Chur or Coire is the capital of the Swiss canton of Graubünden and lies in the northern part of the canton.-History:The name "chur" derives perhaps from the Celtic kora or koria, meaning "tribe", or from the Latin curia....

 (or Davos
Davos
Davos is a municipality in the district of Prättigau/Davos in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has a permanent population of 11,248 . Davos is located on the Landwasser River, in the Swiss Alps, between the Plessur and Albula Range...

) in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

 with Poschiavo
Poschiavo
Poschiavo is a municipality in the district of Bernina in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Poschiavo is first mentioned in 824 as in Postclave though this comes from a later copy of the original document.. In 1140 it was mentioned as de Pusclauio. It was formerly known by the...

 and Tirano
Tirano
Tirano is a town in Valtellina, located in the province of Sondrio, Northern Italy. It has about 9,044 inhabitants and is adjacent to the Switzerland-Italy boundary. The river Adda flows through the town....

 in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

, by crossing the Swiss Alps
Swiss Alps
The Swiss Alps are the portion of the Alps mountain range that lies within Switzerland. Because of their central position within the entire Alpine range, they are also known as the Central Alps....

 from north to south. For most of its journey, the train also passes along and through the World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...

 known as the Rhaetian Railway in the Albula
Albula Railway
In 1890, the Davos hotelier Willem-Jan Holsboer proposed the construction of a rail link from Chur via Davos, and through a tunnel under the Scaletta Pass, to St Moritz, and then onwards via the Maloja Pass, to Chiavenna in Italy. Holsboer later had to abandon this planned Scalettabahn, in favour...

 / Bernina
Bernina Railway
The Bernina Railway is a single track metre gauge railway line forming part of the Rhaetian Railway . It links the spa resort of St. Moritz, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland, with the town of Tirano, in the Province of Sondrio, Italy, via the Bernina Pass...

 Landscapes
.

The train is operated by the Rhaetian Railway company. It is not an "express" in the sense of being a high-speed train
High-speed rail
High-speed rail is a type of passenger rail transport that operates significantly faster than the normal speed of rail traffic. Specific definitions by the European Union include for upgraded track and or faster for new track, whilst in the United States, the U.S...

, but, rather, in the sense that it provides a one-seat ride for a long duration trip. The Bernina Express itself is composed of panoramic coaches with a piped multi-lingual commentary, and a small supplement and seat reservation are both obligatory. The train is popular with tourists, and connects in Tirano with the Post Bus service via Lake Como
Lake Como
Lake Como is a lake of glacial origin in Lombardy, Italy. It has an area of 146 km², making it the third largest lake in Italy, after Lake Garda and Lake Maggiore...

 in Italy to Lugano
Lugano
Lugano is a city of inhabitants in the city proper and a total of over 145,000 people in the agglomeration/city region, in the south of Switzerland, in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino, which borders Italy...

 in Switzerland.

The Albula line
Albula Railway
In 1890, the Davos hotelier Willem-Jan Holsboer proposed the construction of a rail link from Chur via Davos, and through a tunnel under the Scaletta Pass, to St Moritz, and then onwards via the Maloja Pass, to Chiavenna in Italy. Holsboer later had to abandon this planned Scalettabahn, in favour...

 and the Bernina line
Bernina Railway
The Bernina Railway is a single track metre gauge railway line forming part of the Rhaetian Railway . It links the spa resort of St. Moritz, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland, with the town of Tirano, in the Province of Sondrio, Italy, via the Bernina Pass...

 on the Bernina Express route were jointly declared a World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...

 in 2008. The trip on the Bernina Express through this World Heritage Site is a 4 hour railway journey across 196 bridges, through 55 tunnels and across the Bernina Pass
Bernina Pass
The Bernina Pass is a high mountain pass in the Bernina Range of the Alps, in the canton of Graubünden in eastern Switzerland. It connects the famous resort town of St. Moritz in the Engadin valley with the Italian-speaking Val Poschiavo, which ends in the Italian town of Tirano in Valtellina....

 on the highest point at 2,253 metres in altitude. The entire line is (metre gauge
Metre gauge
Metre gauge refers to narrow gauge railways and tramways with a track gauge of . In some African, American and Asian countries it is the main gauge. In Europe it has been used for local railways in France, Germany, and Belgium, most of which were closed down in mid 20th century. Only in Switzerland...

).

The Albula line was constructed between 1898 and 1904, and has been operated by the Rhaetian Railway ever since. The Bernina Railway built the Bernina line between 1908-1910, and then operated it independently until the 1940s, when the Rhaetian Railway took it over. The Bernina Express uses gradients of 7%
Percent sign
The percent sign is the symbol used to indicate a percentage .Related signs include the permille sign ‰ and the permyriad sign , which indicate that a number is divided by one thousand or ten thousand respectively...

 to achieve a difference in height of about 1800 meters from the summit at Ospizio Bernina to Tirano.

Itinerary

Albula line

Main article: Albula Railway
Albula Railway
In 1890, the Davos hotelier Willem-Jan Holsboer proposed the construction of a rail link from Chur via Davos, and through a tunnel under the Scaletta Pass, to St Moritz, and then onwards via the Maloja Pass, to Chiavenna in Italy. Holsboer later had to abandon this planned Scalettabahn, in favour...



The train leaves the city of Chur
Chur
Chur or Coire is the capital of the Swiss canton of Graubünden and lies in the northern part of the canton.-History:The name "chur" derives perhaps from the Celtic kora or koria, meaning "tribe", or from the Latin curia....

 (585 m) in Graubünden
Graubünden
Graubünden or Grisons is the largest and easternmost canton of Switzerland. The canton shares borders with the cantons of Ticino, Uri, Glarus and St. Gallen and international borders with Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein...

 and follows the course of the Rhine to Bonaduz
Bonaduz
Bonaduz is a municipality in the district of Imboden in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.-History:Bonaduz is first mentioned in 960 as Beneduces. Until 1854, the German speaking hamlet of Sculms belonged to Bonaduz. Following a vote in that year, Sculms joined Versam.-Geography:Bonaduz has an...

 (655 m). From there it enters the Domleschg Valley and follows the Posterior Rhine
Hinterrhein (river)
The Hinterrhein is one of the initial tributaries of the Rhine in the Canton of Graubünden in Switzerland, flowing from the village Hinterrhein near the San Bernardino pass through the Rheinwald valley into a gorge called Roflaschlucht...

 from Rhäzüns
Rhäzüns
Rhäzüns is a municipality in the district of Imboden in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.-Geography:Rhäzüns has an area, , of . Of this area, 23.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 69.1% is forested...

 (658 m) to Thusis
Thusis
Thusis is a municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.-Geography:Thusis has an area, , of . Of this area, 18% is used for agricultural purposes, while 58.2% is forested...

 (697 m). The train continues toward Tiefencastel
Tiefencastel
Tiefencastel is a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Tiefencastel is first mentioned in 831 as in Castello Impitinis. Starting around in the 14th Century it was known as Tüffenkasten.-Geography:Tiefencastel has an area, , of...

 (851 m) following the Albula river
Albula River
Albula is a river of Switzerland, a tributary of Hinterrhein . Length: 36 km , Basin: 950 km² ....

 and then crosses the Landwasser Viaduct
Landwasser Viaduct
The Landwasser Viaduct is a single track six-arched curved limestone railway viaduct. It spans the Landwasser River between Schmitten and Filisur, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland....

 before arriving at Filisur
Filisur
Filisur is a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Filisur is first mentioned in 1262 as villa Fallisour.-Geography:...

 (1032 m). Shortly after Filisur the train passes its first spiral
Spiral (railway)
A spiral is a technique employed by railways to ascend steep hills.A railway spiral rises on a steady curve until it has completed a loop, passing over itself as it gains height, allowing the railway to gain vertical elevation in a relatively short horizontal distance...

 tunnel then continues to Bergün
Bergün
Bergün/Bravuogn , is a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. The double name has been the official name since 1943.-Geography:...

. Between Bergün (1373 m) and Preda
Preda
Preda is locality within the municipality of Bergün, district of Albula, Canton Graubünden, Switzerland.-Transportation:Rhaetian Railway operates services to Preda ....

 (1789 m), at the end of the valley, the train has to achieve a difference in height of about 400 meters with an horizontal distance of 5 km without using rack-and-pinion
Rack railway
A rack-and-pinion railway is a railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails. The trains are fitted with one or more cog wheels or pinions that mesh with this rack rail...

, but with many spirals. Then the train enters the Albula Tunnel
Albula Tunnel
The Albula Tunnel is the centrepiece of the Albula Railway, which forms part of the Rhaetian Railway network, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland...

 at 1,815 m under the Albula Pass
Albula Pass
Albula Pass is a Swiss mountain pass in the canton of Graubünden. It lies in the Albula Range of the Alps...

. It emerges in the Val Bever, where it reaches Bever
Bever, Switzerland
Bever is a municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.-Geography:Bever has an area, , of . Of this area, 14.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 14.9% is forested...

 (1,708 m) on the Engadin
Engadin
The Engadin or Engadine is a long valley in the Swiss Alps located in the canton of Graubünden in southeast Switzerland. It follows the route of the Inn River from its headwaters at Maloja Pass running northeast until the Inn flows into Austria one hundred kilometers downstream...

 plain. The train continues toward Samedan
Samedan
Samedan is a town and municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.-History:Samedan is first mentioned in 1139 as Samaden. In 1334 it was mentioned as Semeden, in 1367 as Semaden, in 1498 as Sumada and in 1527 as Sameden...

 (1,721 m) and arrives at the St. Moritz
St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a resort town in the Engadine valley in Switzerland. It is a municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden...

 station (1,775 m).

Bernina line

Main article: Bernina Railway
Bernina Railway
The Bernina Railway is a single track metre gauge railway line forming part of the Rhaetian Railway . It links the spa resort of St. Moritz, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland, with the town of Tirano, in the Province of Sondrio, Italy, via the Bernina Pass...



The train leaves St. Moritz
St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a resort town in the Engadine valley in Switzerland. It is a municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden...

 and takes the line to Pontresina
Pontresina
Pontresina is a municipality in the district of Maloja in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History and name:The city was first mentioned in medieval Latin documents as pontem sarasinam in 1137. In 1237 it was mentioned as de Ponte Sarraceno and in 1303 as ponte sarracino...

 (1,774 m) in the Val Bernina. It ascends progressively the valley to the Bernina Pass
Bernina Pass
The Bernina Pass is a high mountain pass in the Bernina Range of the Alps, in the canton of Graubünden in eastern Switzerland. It connects the famous resort town of St. Moritz in the Engadin valley with the Italian-speaking Val Poschiavo, which ends in the Italian town of Tirano in Valtellina....

 passing the Morteratsch station (1,896 m), where the traveler can see the glacier
Morteratsch Glacier
The Morteratsch Glacier is the largest glacier by area in the Bernina Range of the Bündner Alps in Switzerland....

 of the same name and the highest summit of the Eastern Alps
Eastern Alps
Eastern Alps is the name given to the eastern half of the Alps, usually defined as the area east of the Splügen Pass in eastern Switzerland. North of the Splügen Pass, the Posterior Rhine forms the border, and south of the pass, the Liro river and Lake Como form the boundary line.-Geography:The...

, the Piz Bernina
Piz Bernina
Piz Bernina is the highest mountain of the Eastern Alps and the highest point of the Bernina Range the highest peak in south Rhetic Alps. It is also the farthest easterly mountain higher than 4,000 m in the Alps, the highest point of the Swiss canton of Graubünden, and the fifth-most prominent...

. Before arriving at the pass the train stops at Bernina Diavolezza (2,093 m) where an aerial tramway leads to Diavolezza
Diavolezza
The Diavolezza is a mountain in the area of Pontresina in Graubünden. It has a height of 2978 m and is located southeast of Munt Pers ....

. The Bernina Express reaches the summit at the Ospizio Bernina
Bernina Pass
The Bernina Pass is a high mountain pass in the Bernina Range of the Alps, in the canton of Graubünden in eastern Switzerland. It connects the famous resort town of St. Moritz in the Engadin valley with the Italian-speaking Val Poschiavo, which ends in the Italian town of Tirano in Valtellina....

 station at 2,253 meters above the Lago Bianco
Lago Bianco
Lago Bianco is a lake at the Bernina pass in the Grisons, Switzerland. Its surface area is 1.50 km². The current reservoir was formed by the two dams Scala and Arlas on the site of two natural lakes ....

.

Alp Grüm (2,091 m) is the first station south of the Alps
Alps
The Alps is one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany to France in the west....

, situated above the Lago Palü
Lago Palü
Lago Palü is a lake below Piz Palü in the Grisons, Switzerland. Water from Palü Glacier feeds into the lake. In 1926, a dam was built enabling use of the lake as a reservoir....

 and right below the Piz Palü
Piz Palü
Piz Palü is a mountain in the Bernina Range in Switzerland and Italy. There are three summits on its main ridge, which runs from east to west...

 and its glacier
Palü Glacier
The Palü Glacier is a 3.5 km long glacier situated in the Bernina Range in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. In 1973 it had an area of 6.47 km².-External links:*...

. After many hairpin turn
Hairpin turn
A hairpin turn , named for its resemblance to a hairpin/bobby pin, is a bend in a road with a very acute inner angle, making it necessary for an oncoming vehicle to turn almost 180° to continue on the road. Such turns in ramps and trails may be called switchbacks in American English, by analogy...

s the train reaches Cavaglia
Cavaglia
Cavaglia is a small village in Val Poschiavo, in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. It lies on the side of a mountain northwest of the town of Poschiavo and, at an altitude of , is the highest village in Val Poschiavo...

 (1,693 m) above the Val Poschiavo, then the Swiss Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...

-speaking town of Poschiavo
Poschiavo
Poschiavo is a municipality in the district of Bernina in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Poschiavo is first mentioned in 824 as in Postclave though this comes from a later copy of the original document.. In 1140 it was mentioned as de Pusclauio. It was formerly known by the...

 at 1,014 meters. The train then follows the course of the Poschiavino
Poschiavino
Poschiavino is an long river in Switzerland and Italy. The majority of the river is in Switzerland and just of it is in Italy. It passes Poschiavo, Campocologno, Le Prese....

 and stops at Le Prese
Le Prese
Le Prese is a town in Val Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. It is located at the northern end of the Lago di Poschiavo.The Rhaetian Railway's Bernina Railway, including the Bernina Express train, crosses the town mainly through its main street, in between traffic. The Le Prese railway station is...

 (964 m) and Miralago
Miralago
Miralago is a small village in the Poschiavo valley, at the southern end of the Lago di Poschiavo. It lies on the Bernina Express line....

 (965 m) both on Lake Poschiavo's shore. After Miralago it continues its descent toward Brusio
Brusio
Brusio is a municipality in the district of Bernina in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Brusio is first mentioned in 1106 as Bruse. It was first mentioned as Brusio in 1212. Previously it was known as Romansh: Brüsch and ....

 (780 m), where it passes the spiral of the Brusio Viaduct. Shortly after having passed the Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

 border at Campocologno
Campocologno
Campocologno is a small town in Val Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. Campocologno is located in the south of the Poschiavo valley....

 (553 m) the Bernina Express ends its journey at the Tirano
Tirano
Tirano is a town in Valtellina, located in the province of Sondrio, Northern Italy. It has about 9,044 inhabitants and is adjacent to the Switzerland-Italy boundary. The river Adda flows through the town....

 station at 430 meters.

Route

During the summer, the Bernina Express consists of a special separate train that travels from Chur to Pontresina with very few stops. In Pontresina, the locomotive is changed (due to the Bernina line's using a different electricity current), and the train continues with few stops until Tirano.

During fall, winter and spring, the Bernina Express consists of several cars which are attached to other, regular trains. From Chur to Samedan, they are part of a RegioExpress train Chur - St. Moritz; from Samedan to Pontresina, they are part of a Regio train Scuol-Tarasp - Pontresina; from Pontresina to Tirano, they are part of a Regio train from St. Moritz - Tirano. Each of these trains includes cars for regular, non-Bernina passengers, and no supplement needs to be paid for them.

List of stops
Small stations between Chur and Thusis where the Bernina Express train does not stop have been omitted from this list. Major stations are listed in bold.
  • Chur
    Chur
    Chur or Coire is the capital of the Swiss canton of Graubünden and lies in the northern part of the canton.-History:The name "chur" derives perhaps from the Celtic kora or koria, meaning "tribe", or from the Latin curia....

    - Start station (Switzerland)
  • Reichenau-Tamins
  • Thusis
    Thusis
    Thusis is a municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.-Geography:Thusis has an area, , of . Of this area, 18% is used for agricultural purposes, while 58.2% is forested...

  • Tiefencastel
    Tiefencastel
    Tiefencastel is a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Tiefencastel is first mentioned in 831 as in Castello Impitinis. Starting around in the 14th Century it was known as Tüffenkasten.-Geography:Tiefencastel has an area, , of...

  • Filisur
    Filisur
    Filisur is a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Filisur is first mentioned in 1262 as villa Fallisour.-Geography:...

  • Bergün
    Bergün
    Bergün/Bravuogn , is a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. The double name has been the official name since 1943.-Geography:...

  • Preda
    Preda
    Preda is locality within the municipality of Bergün, district of Albula, Canton Graubünden, Switzerland.-Transportation:Rhaetian Railway operates services to Preda ....

  • Samedan
    Samedan
    Samedan is a town and municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.-History:Samedan is first mentioned in 1139 as Samaden. In 1334 it was mentioned as Semeden, in 1367 as Semaden, in 1498 as Sumada and in 1527 as Sameden...

  • Punt Muragl
  • Pontresina
    Pontresina
    Pontresina is a municipality in the district of Maloja in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History and name:The city was first mentioned in medieval Latin documents as pontem sarasinam in 1137. In 1237 it was mentioned as de Ponte Sarraceno and in 1303 as ponte sarracino...

  • Surovas
  • Morteratsch
  • Bernina Suot
  • Bernina Diavolezza
  • Bernina Lagalb
  • Ospizio Bernina
  • Alp Grüm
  • Cavaglia
    Cavaglia
    Cavaglia is a small village in Val Poschiavo, in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. It lies on the side of a mountain northwest of the town of Poschiavo and, at an altitude of , is the highest village in Val Poschiavo...

  • Cadera
    Cadera
    Cadera is a small town in Val Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. The town has a station along the Bernina Railway....

  • Privilasco
    Privilasco
    Privilasco is a small town in Val Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. It is located in the north of Val Poschiavo near San Carlo, Poschiavo. It is also a station on the Bernina Railway....

  • Poschiavo
    Poschiavo
    Poschiavo is a municipality in the district of Bernina in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Poschiavo is first mentioned in 824 as in Postclave though this comes from a later copy of the original document.. In 1140 it was mentioned as de Pusclauio. It was formerly known by the...

  • Li Curt
    Li Curt
    Li Curt is a part of the town in Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. It is located in the centre of Val Poschiavo. Li Curt has a station along the Berninabahn....

  • Le Prese
    Le Prese
    Le Prese is a town in Val Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. It is located at the northern end of the Lago di Poschiavo.The Rhaetian Railway's Bernina Railway, including the Bernina Express train, crosses the town mainly through its main street, in between traffic. The Le Prese railway station is...

  • Miralago
    Miralago
    Miralago is a small village in the Poschiavo valley, at the southern end of the Lago di Poschiavo. It lies on the Bernina Express line....

  • Brusio
    Brusio
    Brusio is a municipality in the district of Bernina in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.-History:Brusio is first mentioned in 1106 as Bruse. It was first mentioned as Brusio in 1212. Previously it was known as Romansh: Brüsch and ....

  • Campascio
    Campascio
    Campascio is a small town in Val Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. It is located in the south of the valley....

  • Campocologno
    Campocologno
    Campocologno is a small town in Val Poschiavo, Grisons, Switzerland. Campocologno is located in the south of the Poschiavo valley....

  • Tirano
    Tirano
    Tirano is a town in Valtellina, located in the province of Sondrio, Northern Italy. It has about 9,044 inhabitants and is adjacent to the Switzerland-Italy boundary. The river Adda flows through the town....

    - End station (Italy)

See also

  • Rhaetian Railway
  • Albula Railway
    Albula Railway
    In 1890, the Davos hotelier Willem-Jan Holsboer proposed the construction of a rail link from Chur via Davos, and through a tunnel under the Scaletta Pass, to St Moritz, and then onwards via the Maloja Pass, to Chiavenna in Italy. Holsboer later had to abandon this planned Scalettabahn, in favour...

  • Bernina Railway
    Bernina Railway
    The Bernina Railway is a single track metre gauge railway line forming part of the Rhaetian Railway . It links the spa resort of St. Moritz, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland, with the town of Tirano, in the Province of Sondrio, Italy, via the Bernina Pass...

  • Glacier Express
    Glacier Express
    The Glacier Express is an express train connecting railway stations of the two major mountain resorts of St. Moritz and Zermatt in the Swiss Alps. The train is operated jointly by the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn and Rhaetian Railway...

  • Swiss Alps
    Swiss Alps
    The Swiss Alps are the portion of the Alps mountain range that lies within Switzerland. Because of their central position within the entire Alpine range, they are also known as the Central Alps....

  • Swiss Pass
  • Table of turn tunnels
    Table of turn tunnels
    Lists of spiral tunnels and tunnels on a curved alignment on railway lines worldwide.A part of a line is bracketed , if it is located in a country other than that mentioned in the specific table:...


External links

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