Battle of Erzurum
Encyclopedia
The Battle of Erzurum is the name of several battles throughout history that have been fought over control of Erzurum
Erzurum
Erzurum is a city in Turkey. It is the largest city, the capital of Erzurum Province. The city is situated 1757 meters above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 361,235 in the 2000 census. .Erzurum, known as "The Rock" in NATO code, served as NATO's southeastern-most air force post during the...

 in western Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

. Among the most notable were:
  • Battle of Erzurum (928) - Byzantine
    Byzantine Empire
    The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State...

     cavalry defeats Muslims during the Byzantine-Muslim Wars
  • Battle of Erzurum (1821)
    Battle of Erzurum (1821)
    The Battle of Erzurum occurred in 1821 as part of the Ottoman-Persian War of 1821-1823. The Persians were heavily outnumbered with 30,000 men and led by Abbas Mirza against the Turks with 50,000 men. Abbas Mirza's Nezam-e Jadid successfully held out against the Ottoman new army ....

     - Persians defeat Turks
    Ottoman Empire
    The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...

     during the Ottoman–Persian War (1821–1823)
  • Battle of Erzurum (1877)
    Battle of Erzurum (1877)
    The Battle of Erzurum was fought on November 8/9, 1877, between Russia and the Ottoman Empire.The Russians made an assault on Erzurum but they were forced to retire.References:...

     - Turks defend the city during the Russo-Turkish War, 1877-1878
  • Battle of Erzurum (1916)
    Battle of Erzurum (1916)
    The Erzurum Offensive or Battle of Erzurum was a major winter offensive by the Imperial Russian Army on the Caucasus Campaign that led to the capture of the strategic city of Erzurum...

     - Russians
    Russians
    The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....

     defeat Turks during World War I
    World War I
    World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...

    . Also referred to as the Battle of Erzurum-Erzinjan
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