Banda Oriental
Encyclopedia
The Banda Oriental del Uruguay (in Spanish, "Eastern Strip of the Uruguay river") was the South American territory east of the Uruguay River
and north of the Río de la Plata
, coinciding approximately with the modern nation of Uruguay
, the Brazil
ian State of Rio Grande do Sul
and some parts of Santa Catarina
. With the conquest of less economically dynamic parts of the Spanish empire for the Portuguese one by the Paulistas
in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, it was effectively divided between a southern part held by Spain, and northern territories held by the Portuguese in order to raise mules for the use in the rest of Brazil.
The southern part, between 1776 and 1814, was part of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
, and afterwards of the United Provinces of South America
.
The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves conquered
the southern part in 1817 and renamed it the Província Cisplatina
. By the mid 1820s, the Thirty-Three Orientals
led a revolution against its successor state (the Brazilian Empire
), igniting the Argentina–Brazil War. At its conclusion, in 1828, the former Banda Oriental was declared an independent state, Uruguay
, by the Treaty of Montevideo
. Uruguaiana
remained with Brazil.
Uruguay River
The Uruguay River is a river in South America. It flows from north to south and makes boundary with Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of the Mesopotamia from the other two countries...
and north of the Río de la Plata
Río de la Plata
The Río de la Plata —sometimes rendered River Plate in British English and the Commonwealth, and occasionally rendered [La] Plata River in other English-speaking countries—is the river and estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay River and the Paraná River on the border between Argentina and...
, coinciding approximately with the modern nation of Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
, the Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian State of Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul is the southernmost state in Brazil, and the state with the fifth highest Human Development Index in the country. In this state is located the southernmost city in the country, Chuí, on the border with Uruguay. In the region of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul, the largest wine...
and some parts of Santa Catarina
Santa Catarina (state)
Santa Catarina is a state in southern Brazil with one of the highest standards of living in Latin America. Its capital is Florianópolis, which mostly lies on the Santa Catarina Island. Neighbouring states are Rio Grande do Sul to the south and Paraná to the north. It is bounded on the east by...
. With the conquest of less economically dynamic parts of the Spanish empire for the Portuguese one by the Paulistas
Paulistas
Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente, whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga....
in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, it was effectively divided between a southern part held by Spain, and northern territories held by the Portuguese in order to raise mules for the use in the rest of Brazil.
The southern part, between 1776 and 1814, was part of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
The Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, , was the last and most short-lived Viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire in America.The Viceroyalty was established in 1776 out of several former Viceroyalty of Perú dependencies that mainly extended over the Río de la Plata basin, roughly the present day...
, and afterwards of the United Provinces of South America
United Provinces of South America
The United Provinces of South America was the original name of the state that emerged from the May Revolution and the early developments of the Argentine War of Independence...
.
The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves conquered
Luso-Brazilian invasion
The Luso-Brazilian invasion of the Banda Oriental, also known as the Portuguese Invasion of 1816 and the War against Artigas , was an armed conflict between the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves and the people of the Banda Oriental and the Misiones Province...
the southern part in 1817 and renamed it the Província Cisplatina
Cisplatina
The Cisplatina Province was a Portuguese and later a Brazilian province in existence from 1815 to 1828...
. By the mid 1820s, the Thirty-Three Orientals
Thirty-Three Orientals
The Treinta y Tres Orientales was a militant revolutionary group led by Juan Antonio Lavalleja against the Empire of Brazil. Their actions culminated in the foundation of modern Uruguay...
led a revolution against its successor state (the Brazilian Empire
Brazilian Empire
The Empire of Brazil was a 19th-century state that broadly comprised the territories which form modern Brazil. Its government was a representative parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Dom Pedro I and his son Dom Pedro II, both members of the House of Braganza—a...
), igniting the Argentina–Brazil War. At its conclusion, in 1828, the former Banda Oriental was declared an independent state, Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
, by the Treaty of Montevideo
1828 Treaty of Montevideo
Treaty of Montevideo : In a treaty signed on August 27, 1828, after British mediation, Brazil and Argentina recognized the independence of Uruguay....
. Uruguaiana
Uruguaiana
Uruguaiana is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is located on the left-hand shore of the Uruguay River that forms the border with Argentina. Opposite Uruguaiana, and joined to it by a road/railway bridge, lies the Argentine city of Paso de los Libres, Corrientes...
remained with Brazil.