Ashikaga Yoshiharu
Encyclopedia
was the 12th shogun
Shogun
A was one of the hereditary military dictators of Japan from 1192 to 1867. In this period, the shoguns, or their shikken regents , were the de facto rulers of Japan though they were nominally appointed by the emperor...
of the Ashikaga shogunate
Ashikaga shogunate
The , also known as the , was a Japanese feudal military regime, ruled by the shoguns of the Ashikaga clan.This period is also known as the Muromachi period and gets its name from Muromachi Street of Kyoto where the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu established his residence...
who held the rein
Rein
Reins are items of horse tack, used to direct a horse or other animal used for riding or driving. Reins can be made of leather, nylon, metal, or other materials, and attach to a bridle via either its bit or its noseband.-Use for riding:...
s of supreme power from 1521 through 1546 during the late Muromachi period
Muromachi period
The is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1336 to 1573. The period marks the governance of the Muromachi or Ashikaga shogunate, which was officially established in 1338 by the first Muromachi shogun, Ashikaga Takauji, two years after the brief Kemmu restoration of imperial...
of Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
. He was the son of the eleventh shogun
Shogun
A was one of the hereditary military dictators of Japan from 1192 to 1867. In this period, the shoguns, or their shikken regents , were the de facto rulers of Japan though they were nominally appointed by the emperor...
Ashikaga Yoshizumi
Ashikaga Yoshizumi
was the 11th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1494 to 1508 during the Muromachi period of Japan. He was the son of Ashikaga Masatomo and grandson of the sixth shogun Ashikaga Yoshinori. Yoshizumi was first called Yoshitō , then Yoshitaka.Yoshizumi was adopted by the 8th shogun...
.
- May 1, 1521 (DaieiDaiei (era), also known as Taiei or Dai-ei, was a after Eishō and before Kyōroku. This period spanned the years from August 1521 through August 1528. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:...
1, 25th day of the 3rd month): After the tenth shogun Ashikaga YoshitaneAshikaga Yoshitane, also known as Ashikaga Yoshiki , was the 10th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who headed the shogunate first from 1490 to 1493 and then again from 1508 to 1521 during the Muromachi period of Japan....
and Hosokawa TakakuniHosokawa TakakuniHosokawa Takakuni was the most powerful military commander in the Muromachi period under Ashikaga Yoshiharu, the twelfth shogun. His father was Hosokawa Masaharu, who was the branch of the Hosokawa clan....
struggled for power over the shogunate and Yoshitane withdrew to Awaji IslandAwaji Islandis an island in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, in the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea between the islands of Honshū and Shikoku. The island has an area of 592.17 km²...
, the way was clear for Minamoto-no Yoshiharu to be installed as shogun. - 1521 (Daiei 1, 6th month): Yoshiteru enters Kyoto.
- 1526 (Daiei 6, 12th month): Shogun Yoshiharu invited archers from neighboring provinces to come to the capital for an archery contest.
Not having any political power and repeatedly being forced out of the capital of Kyoto
Kyoto
is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:...
, Yoshiharu eventually retired in 1546 over a political struggle between Miyoshi Nagayoshi and Hosokawa Harumoto
Hosokawa Harumoto
was a Japanese daimyo of the Muromachi and Sengoku periods, and the head of the Hosokawa clan. Harumoto's childhood name was Sōmei-maru . He was born to Hosokawa Sumimoto, another renowned samurai of the Muromachi era....
making his son Ashikaga Yoshiteru
Ashikaga Yoshiteru
, also known as Yoshifushi or Yoshifuji, was the 13th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1546 to 1565 during the late Muromachi period of Japan. He was the eldest son of the 12th shogun, Ashikaga Yoshiharu; and his mother was a daughter of Konoe Taneie...
the thirteenth shogun.
- May 20, 1550 (TenbunTenbun, also known as Tembun or Temmon, was a after Kyōroku and before Kōji. This period spanned the years from July 1532 through October 1555. The reigning emperor was .-Change of era:...
19, 4th day of the 5th month): Yoshiharu died.
Supported by Oda Nobunaga
Oda Nobunaga
was the initiator of the unification of Japan under the shogunate in the late 16th century, which ruled Japan until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He was also a major daimyo during the Sengoku period of Japanese history. His opus was continued, completed and finalized by his successors Toyotomi...
, his son Ashikaga Yoshiaki
Ashikaga Yoshiaki
was the 15th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate in Japan who reigned from 1568 to 1573. His father, Ashikaga Yoshiharu was the twelfth shogun, and his brother, Ashikaga Yoshiteru was the thirteenth shogun....
became the fifteenth shogun.
From a western perspective, Yoshiharu is significant, as he was shogun in 1542, when the first contact of Japan with the Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an West took place. A Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
ship, blown off its course to China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, landed in Japan.
Events of Yoshiharu's bakufu
Significant events shape the period during which Yoshiharu was shogun:- 1521 – Hosokawa TakakuniHosokawa TakakuniHosokawa Takakuni was the most powerful military commander in the Muromachi period under Ashikaga Yoshiharu, the twelfth shogun. His father was Hosokawa Masaharu, who was the branch of the Hosokawa clan....
has Yoshiharu appointed shogun. - 1526 – Kasai rebels, Miyoshi rebels: Go Nara succeeds.
- 1528 – Yoshiharu driven out by Miyoshi Nagamoto.
- 1533 – Ikkō rebellion.
- 1536 – Go-Nara enthroned.
- 1538 – Dissension in Koga Kubō's family.
- 1546 – Yoshiharu flees to Ōmi; his son, Yoshiteru, appointed shogun in exile.
Eras of Yoshiharu's bakufu
The years in which Yoshiharu was shogun are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.- DaieiDaiei (era), also known as Taiei or Dai-ei, was a after Eishō and before Kyōroku. This period spanned the years from August 1521 through August 1528. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:...
(1521–1528) - KyōrokuKyorokuwas a after Daiei and before Tenbun. This period spanned the years from August 1528 to July 1532. The reigning emperor was .-Change of era:* 1528 : The era name was changed to mark the enthronement of Emperor Go-Nara...
(1528–1532) - TenbunTenbun, also known as Tembun or Temmon, was a after Kyōroku and before Kōji. This period spanned the years from July 1532 through October 1555. The reigning emperor was .-Change of era:...
(1532–1555)