Area to Area Lee Model
Encyclopedia
Lee Model for Area-to-Area Mode is a Radio propagation model
that operates around 900 MHz. Built as two different modes, this model includes an adjustment factor that can be adjusted to make the model more flexible to different regions of propagation.
where,
is usually computed along a 1 km or 1 mile link. Any other suitable length of path can be chosen based on the applications.
where,
where,
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or
where,
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Radio propagation model
A radio propagation model, also known as the Radio Wave Propagation Model or the Radio Frequency Propagation Model, is an empirical mathematical formulation for the characterization of radio wave propagation as a function of frequency, distance and other conditions...
that operates around 900 MHz. Built as two different modes, this model includes an adjustment factor that can be adjusted to make the model more flexible to different regions of propagation.
Applicable to/under conditions
This model is suitable for using in data collected in a specific area. The model predicts the behaviour of all links that has ends in specific areas.The model
The Lee Model is formally expressed as:where,
- L = The medianMedianIn probability theory and statistics, a median is described as the numerical value separating the higher half of a sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. The median of a finite list of numbers can be found by arranging all the observations from lowest value to...
path lossPath lossPath loss is the reduction in power density of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space. Path loss is a major component in the analysis and design of the link budget of a telecommunication system....
. Unit: decibelDecibelThe decibel is a logarithmic unit that indicates the ratio of a physical quantity relative to a specified or implied reference level. A ratio in decibels is ten times the logarithm to base 10 of the ratio of two power quantities...
(dB) - L0 = The reference path lossPath lossPath loss is the reduction in power density of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space. Path loss is a major component in the analysis and design of the link budget of a telecommunication system....
along 1 km. Unit: decibel] (dB)
= The slopeSlopeIn mathematics, the slope or gradient of a line describes its steepness, incline, or grade. A higher slope value indicates a steeper incline....
of the path lossPath lossPath loss is the reduction in power density of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space. Path loss is a major component in the analysis and design of the link budget of a telecommunication system....
curve. Unit: decibels per decade - d = The distanceDistanceDistance is a numerical description of how far apart objects are. In physics or everyday discussion, distance may refer to a physical length, or an estimation based on other criteria . In mathematics, a distance function or metric is a generalization of the concept of physical distance...
on which the path lossPath lossPath loss is the reduction in power density of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space. Path loss is a major component in the analysis and design of the link budget of a telecommunication system....
is to be calculated. - FA = Adjustment factor.
Calculation of reference path loss
The reference path lossPath loss
Path loss is the reduction in power density of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space. Path loss is a major component in the analysis and design of the link budget of a telecommunication system....
is usually computed along a 1 km or 1 mile link. Any other suitable length of path can be chosen based on the applications.
where,
- GB = Base stationBase stationThe term base station can be used in the context of land surveying and wireless communications.- Land surveying :In the context of external land surveying, a base station is a GPS receiver at an accurately-known fixed location which is used to derive correction information for nearby portable GPS...
antennaAntenna (radio)An antenna is an electrical device which converts electric currents into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver...
gainGainIn electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a circuit to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input to the output. It is usually defined as the mean ratio of the signal output of a system to the signal input of the same system. It may also be defined on a logarithmic scale,...
. Unit: decibel with respect to isotropic antenna (dBi)
= WavelengthWavelengthIn physics, the wavelength of a sinusoidal wave is the spatial period of the wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.It is usually determined by considering the distance between consecutive corresponding points of the same phase, such as crests, troughs, or zero crossings, and is a...
. Unit: meter (m). - GM = Mobile stationMobile StationThe mobile station comprises all user equipment and software needed for communication with a mobile network.The mobile station refers to global system connected to the mobile network, i.e. mobile phone or mobile computer connected using a mobile broadband adapter. This is the terminology of 2G...
antenna gain. Unit: Decibel with respect to isotropic antenna (dBi).
Calculation of adjustment factors
The adjustment factor is calculated as:where,
- FBH = Base station antenna height correction factor.
- FBG = Base station antenna gain correction factor.
- FMH = Mobile station antenna height correction factor.
- FMG = Mobile station antenna gain correction factor.
- FF = Frequency correction factor
The base station antenna height correction factor
where,
- hB = Base station antenna height. Unit: meter (m).
or
where,
- hB = Base station antenna height. Unit: foot (ft).
The base station antenna gain correction factor
where,
- GB = Base station antenna gain. Unit: decibel with respect to half wave dipole antennaDipole antennaA dipole antenna is a radio antenna that can be made of a simple wire, with a center-fed driven element. It consists of two metal conductors of rod or wire, oriented parallel and collinear with each other , with a small space between them. The radio frequency voltage is applied to the antenna at...
(dBd)
The mobile station antenna height correction factor
where,
- hM = Mobile station antenna height. Unit: meter(m).
The mobile antenna gain correction factor
where,
- GM = Mobile station antenna gain. Unit: Decibel with respect to half wave dipole antenna (dBd).
The frequency correction factor
where,
- f = Frequency. Unit: megahertz (MHz)
See also
- Hata Model for Urban AreasHata Model for Urban AreasIn wireless communication, the Hata Model for Urban Areas, also known as the Okumura-Hata model for being a developed version of the Okumura Model, is the most widely used radio frequency propagation model for predicting the behaviour of cellular transmissions in built up areas...
- Hata Model for Suburban AreasHata Model for Suburban AreasThe Hata Model for Suburban Areas, also known as the Okumura-Hata model for being a developed version of the Okumura Model, is the most widely used model in radio frequency propagation for predicting the behavior of cellular transmissions in city outskirts and other rural areas...
- Hata Model for Open AreasHata Model for Open AreasThe Hata Model for Open Areas, also known as the Okumura-Hata model for being a developed version of the Okumura Model, is the most widely used model in radio frequency propagation for predicting the behavior of cellular transmissions in open areas. This model incorporates the graphical information...
- Okumura Model for Urban Areas
- COST 231 ModelCost 231 ModelThe COST-Hata-Model is the most often cited of the COST 231 models. Also called the Hata Model PCS Extension, it is a radio propagation model that extends the Hata Model to cover a more elaborated range of frequencies...
- Young ModelYoung ModelYoung model is a radio propagation model that was built on the data collected on New York City. It typically models the behaviour of cellular communication systems in large cities.-Applicable to/under conditions:...
- Point to Point Lee Model