Archibald Primrose, Lord Carrington
Encyclopedia
Sir Archibald Primrose, 1st Baronet, Lord Carrington (May 16, 1616 – November 27, 1679) was a notable Scottish
lawyer, judge, and Cavalier
.
The son of James Primrose (d. 1641) by Catherine, daughter of Richard Lawson of Boghall, he succeeded his father, who had held the office for upwards of forty years, as Clerk to the Privy Council
on September 2, 1641.
Following the victory of Kilsyth
he joined Montrose
, was taken prisoner at Philiphaugh
on September 13, 1645, he was tried by the Parliament of St. Andrews the following year, and being found guilty of treason only saved his life through the intercession of the Marquess of Argyll. Following his release at the end of 1646, he was knighted by King Charles I
. Subsequently he joined Charles II
and was made a Baronet, of Carrington in the County of Selkirk, dated August 1, 1651, at Woodhouse, during the march to Worcester
.
As a consequence of his loyalty to the Crown his estate was sequestrated and his debtors prohibited from paying what they owed to him. He was also deprived of his office by the Act of Classes
, the decree against him being sealed on March 10, 1649. Upon the repeal of this Act, and having given testimony of the satisfaction afforded by him to The Church, he was declared capable again of office on January 10, 1651, and was appointed Clerk to the Committee of Estates
on June 6 following.
At the Restoration
he was appointed Lord Clerk Register
by Letters Patent
dated August 7, 1660, and on February 14, 1661 was nominated a Lord of Session
with the judicial title Lord Carrington. At the same time he was appointed a Lord of Exchequer, and a Privy Counsellor
. He was the principal author of the Rescissory Act 1661
, which ended Presbyterianism
until the Act of 1690 re-established it again.
The enmity of the Duke of Lauderdale forced him to resign as Lord of Exchequer and Lord Clerk Register on June 11, 1676, in exchange for the far less lucrative one of Lord Justice General. He was deprived of this office in 1678.
Primrose died in November 1679, and was buried within Dalmeny
church. He and his father between them had served the Crown successively for a hundred years all but one.
He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son William, whose son James was created Viscount of Primrose
in 1703. Primrose's fourth son and namesake Archibald
was created Earl of Rosebery
in 1703 and was the ancestor of among others Prime Minister Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery
.
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
lawyer, judge, and Cavalier
Cavalier
Cavalier was the name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I and son Charles II during the English Civil War, the Interregnum, and the Restoration...
.
The son of James Primrose (d. 1641) by Catherine, daughter of Richard Lawson of Boghall, he succeeded his father, who had held the office for upwards of forty years, as Clerk to the Privy Council
Privy Council of Scotland
The Privy Council of Scotland was a body that advised the King.In the range of its functions the council was often more important than the Estates in the running the country. Its registers include a wide range of material on the political, administrative, economic and social affairs of Scotland...
on September 2, 1641.
Following the victory of Kilsyth
Kilsyth
Kilsyth is a town of 10,100 roughly halfway between Glasgow and Stirling in North Lanarkshire, Scotland.-Location:...
he joined Montrose
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose was a Scottish nobleman and soldier, who initially joined the Covenanters in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, but subsequently supported King Charles I as the English Civil War developed...
, was taken prisoner at Philiphaugh
Battle of Philiphaugh
The Battle of Philiphaugh was fought on 13 September 1645 during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms near Selkirk in the Scottish Borders. The Royalist army of the Marquess of Montrose was destroyed by the Covenanter army of Sir David Leslie, restoring the power of the Committee of Estates.-Prelude:When...
on September 13, 1645, he was tried by the Parliament of St. Andrews the following year, and being found guilty of treason only saved his life through the intercession of the Marquess of Argyll. Following his release at the end of 1646, he was knighted by King Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
. Subsequently he joined Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
and was made a Baronet, of Carrington in the County of Selkirk, dated August 1, 1651, at Woodhouse, during the march to Worcester
Battle of Worcester
The Battle of Worcester took place on 3 September 1651 at Worcester, England and was the final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians defeated the Royalist, predominantly Scottish, forces of King Charles II...
.
As a consequence of his loyalty to the Crown his estate was sequestrated and his debtors prohibited from paying what they owed to him. He was also deprived of his office by the Act of Classes
Act of Classes
The Act of Classes was passed the Scottish Parliament in 23 January 1649. It was probably drafted by Lord Warriston a leading member of the Kirk Party, who along with the Marquess of Argyll were leading proponents of its clauses....
, the decree against him being sealed on March 10, 1649. Upon the repeal of this Act, and having given testimony of the satisfaction afforded by him to The Church, he was declared capable again of office on January 10, 1651, and was appointed Clerk to the Committee of Estates
Committee of Estates
The Committee of Estates governed Scotland during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms when the Parliament of Scotland was not sitting. It was dominated by Covenanters of which the most influential faction was that of the Earl of Argyll....
on June 6 following.
At the Restoration
English Restoration
The Restoration of the English monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms...
he was appointed Lord Clerk Register
Lord Clerk Register
The office of Lord Clerk Register is the oldest surviving Great Officer of State in Scotland, with origins in the 13th century.The Clerk-Register was from ancient times the principal Clerk in the kingdom, from whom all other clerks, whatever their government positions, and who were essentially his...
by Letters Patent
Letters patent
Letters patent are a type of legal instrument in the form of a published written order issued by a monarch or president, generally granting an office, right, monopoly, title, or status to a person or corporation...
dated August 7, 1660, and on February 14, 1661 was nominated a Lord of Session
Court of Session
The Court of Session is the supreme civil court of Scotland, and constitutes part of the College of Justice. It sits in Parliament House in Edinburgh and is both a court of first instance and a court of appeal....
with the judicial title Lord Carrington. At the same time he was appointed a Lord of Exchequer, and a Privy Counsellor
Privy Council of Scotland
The Privy Council of Scotland was a body that advised the King.In the range of its functions the council was often more important than the Estates in the running the country. Its registers include a wide range of material on the political, administrative, economic and social affairs of Scotland...
. He was the principal author of the Rescissory Act 1661
Rescissory Act 1661
The Rescissory Act restoring Episcopacy, 1661 passed on the March 28, 1661 in the Scottish Parliament. At one stroke, it annulled the legislation of the last twenty years, covering the time of the Commonwealth and Civil wars. This Act virtually made return to Episcopacy, so that monarchy and...
, which ended Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism refers to a number of Christian churches adhering to the Calvinist theological tradition within Protestantism, which are organized according to a characteristic Presbyterian polity. Presbyterian theology typically emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures,...
until the Act of 1690 re-established it again.
The enmity of the Duke of Lauderdale forced him to resign as Lord of Exchequer and Lord Clerk Register on June 11, 1676, in exchange for the far less lucrative one of Lord Justice General. He was deprived of this office in 1678.
Primrose died in November 1679, and was buried within Dalmeny
Dalmeny
Dalmeny is a suburban village and civil parish in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located on the south side of the Firth of Forth, east-southeast of South Queensferry and west-northwest of central Edinburgh; it falls under the local governance of the City of Edinburgh Council.The name Dalmeny is...
church. He and his father between them had served the Crown successively for a hundred years all but one.
He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son William, whose son James was created Viscount of Primrose
Viscount of Primrose
Viscount of Primrose was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1703 for Sir James Primrose, 3rd Baronet, along with the subsidiary title Lord Primrose and Castlefield...
in 1703. Primrose's fourth son and namesake Archibald
Archibald Primrose, 1st Earl of Rosebery
Archibald Primrose, 1st Earl of Rosebery was a Scottish politician.Son of Sir Archibald Primrose, Lord Carrington, he was a Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland for Edinburgh county from 1695....
was created Earl of Rosebery
Earl of Rosebery
Earl of Rosebery is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1703 for Archibald Primrose, 1st Viscount of Rosebery, with remainder to his issue male and female successively...
in 1703 and was the ancestor of among others Prime Minister Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery
Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery
Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, KG, PC was a British Liberal statesman and Prime Minister. Between the death of his father, in 1851, and the death of his grandfather, the 4th Earl, in 1868, he was known by the courtesy title of Lord Dalmeny.Rosebery was a Liberal Imperialist who...
.