Appleby (UK Parliament constituency)
Encyclopedia
Appleby was a parliamentary constituency
in the former county of Westmorland
in England
. It existed for two separate periods: from 1295 to 1832, and from 1885 to 1918.
Appleby was enfranchised as parliamentary borough
in 1295, and abolished by the Great Reform Act of 1832. It returned two Members of Parliament
(MPs) using the bloc vote system. It was represented in the House of Commons of England
until 1707
, in the House of Commons of Great Britain
from 1707 to 1800, and finally in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. Its best-known MP was William Pitt the Younger
who became Prime Minister in 1783 at the age of 24.
For the 1885 general election
the Redistribution of Seats Act
created a county constituency of the same, which returned a single MP elected by the first-past-the-post
system. The county constituency was abolished at the 1918 general election
.
of Appleby consisted of the town of Appleby
, the county town of Westmorland
, and was consistently represented in the House of Commons from the Model Parliament
of 1295 until the Reform Act.
The right to vote rested with the occupiers of around a hundred burgage
tenements. By the 18th century, the majority of the burgages were owned by the Lowther
and Tufton
families, which enabled them to put in reliable tenants at election time and ensure their complete control of who was elected. The seats were frequently kept for members of those families, but Appleby's other representatives included William Pitt the younger
, who was MP for Appleby when he became Prime Minister
in 1783 (although he stood down at the following general election when he was instead elected for Cambridge University
).
A later member for Appleby was Viscount Howick
, subsequently (as Earl Grey) the Prime Minister whose administration passed the Great Reform Act of 1832; but Grey's history as a former MP for the town did not save it from losing both its members under the Act. Appleby was regarded as a classic example of a pocket borough, completely in the control of its owners who were also the major local landowners, and with a population of only 1,233 at the 1831 census unlikely to be freed from their influence even by widening the franchise. Nevertheless, as the only county town to be disfranchised, Appleby was one of the more controversial cases in the debates on the reform bill, the opposition making unsuccessful attempts to amend the bill so as to save at least one of its MPs.
After abolition the borough was absorbed into the Westmorland
county constituency.
was, in full, "The Appleby or Northern Division of Westmorland", and was sometimes referred to as Westmorland North. It consisted of the whole of the northern half of the county, including the towns of Ambleside
, Grasmere
and Kirkby Stephen
. It was abolished at the 1918 general election
, the whole county henceforth being united in a single Westmorland
constituency.
Notes
United Kingdom constituencies
In the United Kingdom , each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly.Within the United Kingdom there are now five bodies with members elected by constituencies:...
in the former county of Westmorland
Westmorland
Westmorland is an area of North West England and one of the 39 historic counties of England. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974, after which the entirety of the county was absorbed into the new county of Cumbria.-Early history:...
in England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. It existed for two separate periods: from 1295 to 1832, and from 1885 to 1918.
Appleby was enfranchised as parliamentary borough
Parliamentary borough
Parliamentary boroughs are a type of administrative division, usually covering urban areas, that are entitled to representation in a Parliament...
in 1295, and abolished by the Great Reform Act of 1832. It returned two Members of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
(MPs) using the bloc vote system. It was represented in the House of Commons of England
House of Commons of England
The House of Commons of England was the lower house of the Parliament of England from its development in the 14th century to the union of England and Scotland in 1707, when it was replaced by the House of Commons of Great Britain...
until 1707
Acts of Union 1707
The Acts of Union were two Parliamentary Acts - the Union with Scotland Act passed in 1706 by the Parliament of England, and the Union with England Act passed in 1707 by the Parliament of Scotland - which put into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union that had been agreed on 22 July 1706,...
, in the House of Commons of Great Britain
House of Commons of Great Britain
The House of Commons of Great Britain was the lower house of the Parliament of Great Britain between 1707 and 1801. In 1707, as a result of the Acts of Union of that year, it replaced the House of Commons of England and the third estate of the Parliament of Scotland, as one of the most significant...
from 1707 to 1800, and finally in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. Its best-known MP was William Pitt the Younger
William Pitt the Younger
William Pitt the Younger was a British politician of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He became the youngest Prime Minister in 1783 at the age of 24 . He left office in 1801, but was Prime Minister again from 1804 until his death in 1806...
who became Prime Minister in 1783 at the age of 24.
For the 1885 general election
United Kingdom general election, 1885
-Seats summary:-See also:*List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1885*Parliamentary Franchise in the United Kingdom 1885–1918*Representation of the People Act 1884*Redistribution of Seats Act 1885-References:...
the Redistribution of Seats Act
Redistribution of Seats Act 1885
The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was a piece of electoral reform legislation that redistributed the seats in the House of Commons, introducing the concept of equally populated constituencies, in an attempt to equalise representation across...
created a county constituency of the same, which returned a single MP elected by the first-past-the-post
First-past-the-post
First-past-the-post voting refers to an election won by the candidate with the most votes. The winning potato candidate does not necessarily receive an absolute majority of all votes cast.-Overview:...
system. The county constituency was abolished at the 1918 general election
United Kingdom general election, 1918
The United Kingdom general election of 1918 was the first to be held after the Representation of the People Act 1918, which meant it was the first United Kingdom general election in which nearly all adult men and some women could vote. Polling was held on 14 December 1918, although the count did...
.
The borough (1295-1832)
The parliamentary boroughParliamentary borough
Parliamentary boroughs are a type of administrative division, usually covering urban areas, that are entitled to representation in a Parliament...
of Appleby consisted of the town of Appleby
Appleby-in-Westmorland
Appleby-in-Westmorland is a town and civil parish in Cumbria, in North West England. It is situated within a loop of the River Eden and has a population of approximately 2,500. It is in the historic county of Westmorland, of which it was the county town. The town's name was simply Appleby, until...
, the county town of Westmorland
Westmorland
Westmorland is an area of North West England and one of the 39 historic counties of England. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974, after which the entirety of the county was absorbed into the new county of Cumbria.-Early history:...
, and was consistently represented in the House of Commons from the Model Parliament
Model Parliament
The Model Parliament is the term, attributed to Frederic William Maitland, used for the 1295 Parliament of England of King Edward I. This assembly included members of the clergy and the aristocracy, as well as representatives from the various counties and boroughs. Each county returned two knights,...
of 1295 until the Reform Act.
The right to vote rested with the occupiers of around a hundred burgage
Burgage
Burgage is a medieval land term used in England and Scotland, well established by the 13th century. A burgage was a town rental property , owned by a king or lord. The property usually, and distinctly, consisted of a house on a long and narrow plot of land, with the narrow end facing the street...
tenements. By the 18th century, the majority of the burgages were owned by the Lowther
Earl of Lonsdale
Earl of Lonsdale is a title that has been created twice in British history, firstly in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1784 , and then in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1807, both times for members of the Lowther family....
and Tufton
Earl of Thanet
Earl of the Isle of Thanet, in practice shortened to Earl of Thanet, was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1628 for Nicholas Tufton, 1st Baron Tufton. He had already succeeded as second Baronet of Hothfield in 1631 and been created Baron Tufton, of Tufton in the County of Sussex,...
families, which enabled them to put in reliable tenants at election time and ensure their complete control of who was elected. The seats were frequently kept for members of those families, but Appleby's other representatives included William Pitt the younger
William Pitt the Younger
William Pitt the Younger was a British politician of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He became the youngest Prime Minister in 1783 at the age of 24 . He left office in 1801, but was Prime Minister again from 1804 until his death in 1806...
, who was MP for Appleby when he became Prime Minister
Prime minister
A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. In many systems, the prime minister selects and may dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the government. In most systems, the prime...
in 1783 (although he stood down at the following general election when he was instead elected for Cambridge University
Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)
Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950.-Boundaries, Electorate and Election Systems:...
).
A later member for Appleby was Viscount Howick
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC , known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 22 November 1830 to 16 July 1834. A member of the Whig Party, he backed significant reform of the British government and was among the...
, subsequently (as Earl Grey) the Prime Minister whose administration passed the Great Reform Act of 1832; but Grey's history as a former MP for the town did not save it from losing both its members under the Act. Appleby was regarded as a classic example of a pocket borough, completely in the control of its owners who were also the major local landowners, and with a population of only 1,233 at the 1831 census unlikely to be freed from their influence even by widening the franchise. Nevertheless, as the only county town to be disfranchised, Appleby was one of the more controversial cases in the debates on the reform bill, the opposition making unsuccessful attempts to amend the bill so as to save at least one of its MPs.
After abolition the borough was absorbed into the Westmorland
Westmorland (UK Parliament constituency)
Westmorland was a constituency covering the county of Westmorland in the North of England, which returned Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.The constituency had two separate periods of existence....
county constituency.
The county constituency (1885-1918)
The Appleby constituency created for the 1885 electionUnited Kingdom general election, 1885
-Seats summary:-See also:*List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1885*Parliamentary Franchise in the United Kingdom 1885–1918*Representation of the People Act 1884*Redistribution of Seats Act 1885-References:...
was, in full, "The Appleby or Northern Division of Westmorland", and was sometimes referred to as Westmorland North. It consisted of the whole of the northern half of the county, including the towns of Ambleside
Ambleside
Ambleside is a town in Cumbria, in North West England.Historically within the county of Westmorland, it is situated at the head of Windermere, England's largest lake...
, Grasmere
Grasmere
Grasmere is a village, and popular tourist destination, in the centre of the English Lake District. It takes its name from the adjacent lake, and is associated with the Lake Poets...
and Kirkby Stephen
Kirkby Stephen
Kirkby Stephen is a civil parish and small market town in Cumbria, in North West England which historically, is part of Westmorland. The town is located on the A685, surrounded by sparsely populated hill country, and about from the two nearest larger towns, Kendal and Penrith...
. It was abolished at the 1918 general election
United Kingdom general election, 1918
The United Kingdom general election of 1918 was the first to be held after the Representation of the People Act 1918, which meant it was the first United Kingdom general election in which nearly all adult men and some women could vote. Polling was held on 14 December 1918, although the count did...
, the whole county henceforth being united in a single Westmorland
Westmorland (UK Parliament constituency)
Westmorland was a constituency covering the county of Westmorland in the North of England, which returned Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.The constituency had two separate periods of existence....
constituency.
MPs 1295–1660
| Parliament | First member | Second member |
|---|---|---|
| 1386 | Robert Overdo I | John Overdo |
| 1388 (Feb) | William Soulby | Adam Crosby |
| 1388 (Sep) | ||
| 1390 (Jan) | ||
| 1390 (Nov) | ||
| 1391 | William Soulby | John Sowerby |
| 1393 | ||
| 1394 | ||
| 1395 | Robert Gare | William Savage |
| 1397 (Jan) | John Helton | John Sowerby |
| 1397 (Sep) | Christopher Curwen | Thomas Chamberlain |
| 1399 | Thomas Warcop | William Crackenthorpe I |
| 1401 | ||
| 1402 | Robert Gare | Robert Overdo II |
| 1404 (Jan) | ||
| 1404 (Oct) | ||
| 1406 | John Ninezergh | William Crackenthorpe II |
| 1407 | John Sagher | John Pray |
| 1410 | ||
| 1411 | John Helton | John Sowerby |
| 1413 (Feb) | ||
| 1413 (May) | Robert Sandford | Thomas Stockdale |
| 1414 (Apr) | ||
| 1414 (Nov) | Robert Crackenthorpe | John Birkrig |
| 1415 | Roland Thornburgh | John Birkrig |
| 1416 (Mar) | Richard Bristowe | Thomas Ma[nningham] |
| 1416 (Oct) | ||
| 1417 | Thomas Stockdale | John Birkrig |
| 1419 | Richard Wharton | Thomas Pety |
| 1420 | William Lowther | Nicholas Stanshawe |
| 1421 (May) | William Scalby | Nicholas Stanshawe |
| 1421 (Dec) | John Booth | Nicholas Stanshawe |
| 1510-1523 | No names known | |
| 1529 | Sir Richard Tempest | Sir Thomas Wharton Thomas Wharton, 1st Baron Wharton Thomas Wharton, 1st Baron Wharton was an English nobleman and a follower of King Henry VIII of England. He is best known for his victory at Solway Moss on 24 November 1542 for which he was given a barony.-Early life:... |
| 1536 | ? | |
| 1539 | ? | |
| 1542 | Cuthbert Horsley | Thomas Jolye |
| 1545 | Thomas Jolye | Robert Wheatley |
| 1547 | Thomas Jolye, died and replaced Jan 1552 by George Clifford |
Robert Wheatley |
| 1553 (Mar} | ? | |
| 1553 (Oct) | George Clifford | James Bankes |
| 1554 (Apr) | John Eltoftes | William Danby |
| 1554 (Nov) | John Eltoftes | William Danby |
| 1555 | ? | |
| 1558 | John Eltoftes | Nicholas Purslow |
| 1559 (Jan) | John Eltoftes | Christopher Monckton |
| 1562/3 | Christopher Monckton | Robert Atkinson |
| 1571 | John Layton | Richard Wroth |
| 1572 (Apr) | George Frevile | Robert Bowes |
| 1584 (Nov) | George Ireland | Henry Macwilliam |
| 1586 | James Ryther | Robert Constable |
| 1588 | Laurence Lister | Thomas Musgrave Robert Warcop Anthony Felton Election declared void, 11 Feb. 1589 |
| 1589 | Ralph Bowes | Thomas Posthumous Hoby |
| 1593 | Thomas Posthumous Hoby | Cuthbert Reynolds |
| 1597 (Sep) | James Colbrand | John Lyly |
| 1601 (Oct) | John Morice | Thomas Caesar |
| 1604 | Sir John Morris | Sir William Bowyer |
| 1614 | Sir George Savile, junior | Sir Henry Wotton Henry Wotton Sir Henry Wotton was an English author and diplomat. He is often quoted as saying, "An ambassador is an honest gentleman sent to lie abroad for the good of his country." -Life:The son of Thomas Wotton , brother of Edward Wotton, 1st Baron Wotton, and grandnephew of the diplomat... |
| 1621 | Sir Arthur Ingram | Thomas Hughes |
| 1624 | Sir Arthur Ingram | Thomas Hughes |
| 1625 | Sir John Hotham | Thomas Hughes |
| 1626 | Sir William Slingsby William Slingsby Sir William Slingsby , was an English soldier, who is noted as the discoverer of the first spa water well in Harrogate, North Yorkshire.... |
William Ashby |
| 1628 | William Ashby | Richard Lowther |
| 1629–1640 | No Parliaments convened | |
| 1640 (Apr) | Richard Boyle Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington, 2nd Earl of Cork was Lord High Treasurer of Ireland and a cavalier.-Early years:... |
Richard Lowther |
| 1640 (Nov) | Sir John Brooke (Royalist) - ennobled, March 1643 | Richard Boyle Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington, 2nd Earl of Cork was Lord High Treasurer of Ireland and a cavalier.-Early years:... (Royalist) ennobled, September 1642 |
| 1645 | Richard Salway | Henry Ireton Henry Ireton Henry Ireton was an English general in the Parliamentary army during the English Civil War. He was the son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell.-Early life:... |
| 1648 | Richard Salway | Henry Ireton Henry Ireton Henry Ireton was an English general in the Parliamentary army during the English Civil War. He was the son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell.-Early life:... died November 1651 |
| 1653 | Appleby unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament Barebones Parliament Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Little Parliament, the Nominated Assembly and the Parliament of Saints, came into being on 4 July 1653, and was the last attempt of the English Commonwealth to find a stable political form before the installation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector... |
|
| 1654 | Appleby unrepresented in the First First Protectorate Parliament The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House.... Parliament of the Protectorate |
|
| 1656 | Appleby unrepresented in the Second Second Protectorate Parliament The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons... Parliament of the Protectorate |
|
| 1659 | Adam Baynes Adam Baynes Adam Baynes was a parliamentary army officer and MP for Leeds during the Commonwealth, and as such the first MP for the city. He was later also MP for Appleby... |
Nathaniel Redding |
MPs 1660–1832
| Year | First member | First party | Second member | Second party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1660 | Sir Henry Cholmley Henry Cholmley Sir Henry Cholmley was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1641 and 1666. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War.... |
Christopher Clapham Christopher Clapham Christopher Clapham was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659 and 1660.Clapham was the eldest son of George Clapham of Beamsley, Skipton, Yorkshire and his wife Martha Heber, daughter of Reginald Heber of Marton, Yorks. He succeeded his father in 1629... |
||||
| 1661 | John Lowther | John Dalston | ||||
| 1668 | Thomas Tufton Thomas Tufton, 6th Earl of Thanet Thomas Tufton, 6th Earl of Thanet, 18th Baron de Clifford PC was an English nobleman and politician.He was the fourth son of John Tufton, 2nd Earl of Thanet and his wife Margaret Sackville, Baroness Clifford and inherited the title on the death in 1684 of his elder brother Richard Tufton, 5th Earl... |
Tory | ||||
| 1679 Habeas Corpus Parliament The Habeas Corpus Parliament, also known as the First Exclusion Parliament, was a short-lived English Parliament which assembled on 6 March 1679 during the reign of Charles II of England, the third parliament of the King's reign. It is named after the Habeas Corpus Act, which it enacted in May,... |
Richard Tufton Richard Tufton, 5th Earl of Thanet Richard Tufton, 5th Earl of Thanet , styled The Honourable Richard Tufton until 1680, was an English nobleman.... |
Anthony Lowther | ||||
| January 1681 | Sackville Tufton Sackville Tufton Colonel Sackville Tufton was the son of John Tufton, 2nd Earl of Thanet and his second wife Margaret Sackville. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Ralph Wilbraham of Newbottle, Northumberland. They had twelve children:... |
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| February 1681 | Sir John Bland | |||||
| 1685 | Philip Musgrave Philip Musgrave Philip Musgrave may refer to:*Sir Philip Musgrave, 2nd Baronet *Sir Philip Musgrave, 6th Baronet *Sir Philip Musgrave, 8th Baronet , MP for Carlisle and Petersfield... |
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| January 1689 | Richard Lowther | |||||
| July 1689 | William Cheyne William Cheyne, 2nd Viscount Newhaven William Cheyne, 2nd Viscount Newhaven was an English Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1681 until 1707 when as a viscount in the Peerage of Scotland he was required to sit in the House of Lords.... |
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| 1690 | Hon. Charles Boyle Charles Boyle, 2nd Earl of Burlington Charles Boyle, 3rd Earl of Cork and 2nd Earl of Burlington, 4th Baron Clifford, PC was a peer, courtier and politician.... |
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| 1694 | Sir John Walter | |||||
| 1695 | Sir William Twysden Sir William Twysden, 3rd Baronet Sir William Twysden, 3rd Baronet , of Roydon Hall in Kent, was an English landowner and Member of Parliament.He was the eldest son of Sir Roger Twysden, 2nd Baronet, and succeeded to the baronetcy on 27 June 1672.... |
Sir Christopher Musgrave | ||||
| 1697 | Sir John Walter | |||||
| 1698 | Gervase Pierrepont | |||||
| 1701 | Wharton Dunch | |||||
| 1702 | James Grahme | |||||
| 1705 | William Harvey | |||||
| 1708 | Nicholas Lechmere Nicholas Lechmere, 1st Baron Lechmere Nicholas Lechmere, 1st Baron Lechmere was an English lawyer and politician who served as Attorney-General and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.... |
Edward Duncombe | ||||
| 1710 | Thomas Lutwyche | |||||
| 1713 | Sir Richard Sandford, Bt. Sir Richard Sandford, 3rd Baronet Sir Richard Sandford, 3rd Baronet was an English politician.He was a Member of Parliament for Morpeth in 1701 and from 1701 to 1713.He died aged 47.... |
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| 1722 British general election, 1722 The British general election of 1722 elected members to serve in the House of Commons of the 6th Parliament of Great Britain. This event took place following the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. The election was fiercely fought, with contests taking place... |
Sackville Tufton Sackville Tufton, 7th Earl of Thanet Sackville Tufton, 7th Earl of Thanet , known as Sackville Tufton until 1729, was a British nobleman and politician.... |
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| 1723 by-election | James Lowther Sir James Lowther, 4th Baronet Sir James Lowther, 4th Baronet, FRS was an English landowner, politician and industrialist. He obtained immense wealth from coal mines in northern England, which he extensively developed and modernised.-Early life:... |
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| 1727 by-election | John Ramsden | |||||
| 1730 by-election | Walter Plumer | |||||
| 1741 British general election, 1741 The British general election, 1741 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 9th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707... |
George Bubb Dodington George Dodington, 1st Baron Melcombe George Bubb Dodington, 1st Baron Melcombe PC was an English politician and nobleman.Christened simply George Bubb, he acquired the surname Dodington around the time his uncle George Dodington died in 1720 and left him his estate... |
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| 1742 by-election | Sir Charles Wyndham, Bt Charles Wyndham, 2nd Earl of Egremont Charles Wyndham, 2nd Earl of Egremont, PC and Catherine née Seymour, succeeded his uncle, Algernon Seymour, 7th Duke of Somerset, as 2nd Earl of Egremont in 1750... |
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| 1747 British general election, 1747 The British general election, 1747 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 10th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. The election saw Henry Pelham's Whig government increase its majority and... |
Randle Wilbraham | |||||
| 1754 British general election, 1754 The British general election, 1754 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 11th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.... |
William Lee | Philip Honywood Philip Honywood General Philip Honywood was a British army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1754 to 1784.Honywood was the son of Robert Honywood and his wife Mary Sandford, daughter of Sir Richard Sandford, Bart... |
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| 1756 by-election | Fletcher Norton Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley PC was an English politician.He was the eldest son of Thomas Norton of Grantley, Yorkshire. He became a barrister in 1739, and, after a period of inactivity, built up a profitable practice, becoming a King's Counsel in 1754, and later attorney-general for the... |
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| 1761 British general election, 1761 The British general election, 1761 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 12th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707... |
John Stanwix John Stanwix John Stanwix was a British soldier and politician.Stanwix entered the army in 1706, rose to a captain of the grenadiers in 1739, major of marines in 1741, and lieutenant-colonel in 1745, and was appointed equerry to Frederick, Prince of Wales, in 1749... |
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| 1767 by-election | Charles Jenkinson Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool PC , known as the Lord Hawkesbury between 1786 and 1796, was a British statesman. He was the father of Prime Minister Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool.... |
Whig | ||||
| 1773 by-election | Fletcher Norton the younger | |||||
| 1774 British general election, 1774 The British general election, 1774 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 14th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.-Summary of the Constituencies:... |
George Johnstone | Independent | ||||
| 1780 British general election, 1780 The British general election, 1780 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 15th Parliament of Great Britain to be held after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707... |
William Lowther William Lowther, 1st Earl of Lonsdale William Lowther, 1st Earl of Lonsdale of the second creation KG was a British Tory politician and nobleman.-Life:... |
Tory | ||||
| 1781 by-election | Hon. William Pitt William Pitt the Younger William Pitt the Younger was a British politician of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He became the youngest Prime Minister in 1783 at the age of 24 . He left office in 1801, but was Prime Minister again from 1804 until his death in 1806... |
Independent Whig | ||||
| 1784 British general election, 1784 The British general election of 1784 resulted in William Pitt the Younger securing an overall majority of about 120 in the House of Commons of Great Britain, having previously had to survive in a House which was dominated by his opponents.-Background:... |
Hon. John Leveson Gower John Leveson-Gower (1740-1792) John Leveson-Gower was an officer of the Royal Navy and a politician. He saw service during the Seven Years' War and the American War of Independence, rising to the rank of rear-admiral... |
Richard Penn Richard Penn (governor) Richard Penn, Jr. served as the Lieutenant Governor of the Province of Pennsylvania from 1771 to 1773, and was later a member of the British Parliament.... |
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| 1790 British general election, 1790 The British general election, 1790 returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 17th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.-Political Situation:... |
Hon. Robert Banks Jenkinson Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool KG PC was a British politician and the longest-serving Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since the Union with Ireland in 1801. He was 42 years old when he became premier in 1812 which made him younger than all of his successors to date... |
Tory | Richard Ford Richard Ford (MP) Richard Ford was an English politician who sat in the house of Commons from 1789 to 1791.Ford was elected as a Member of Parliament for the borough of East Grinstead in Sussex at an unopposed by-election in February 1789... |
Tory | ||
| January 1791 by-election | Hon. William Grimston | |||||
| May 1791 by-election | Hon. John Rawdon | |||||
| 1796 British general election, 1796 The British general election, 1796 returned members to serve in the 18th and last House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain to be held before the formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801... |
Hon. John Tufton | John Courtenay | ||||
| 1799 by-election | Robert Adair | Whig | ||||
| 1802 United Kingdom general election, 1802 The United Kingdom general election, 1802 was the election to the 2nd Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was the first to be held after the formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland... |
Sir Philip Francis | Whig | ||||
| May 1807 United Kingdom general election, 1807 The election to the 4th Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1807 was the third general election to be held after the Union of Great Britain and Ireland.... |
Viscount Howick Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC , known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 22 November 1830 to 16 July 1834. A member of the Whig Party, he backed significant reform of the British government and was among the... |
Whig | James Ramsay Cuthbert | Whig | ||
| July 1807 by-election | Nicholas William Ridley-Colborne Nicholas Ridley-Colborne, 1st Baron Colborne Nicholas William Ridley-Colborne, 1st Baron Colborne was a British politician.-Background:Born Nicholas Ridley, he was the younger son of Sir Matthew White Ridley, 2nd Baronet, and Mary , daughter of Benjamin Colborne... |
Whig | ||||
| October 1812 United Kingdom general election, 1812 The election to the 5th Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1812 was the fourth general election to be held after the Union of Great Britain and Ireland.... |
James Lowther | Tory | John Courtenay | Whig | ||
| December 1812 by-election | George Tierney George Tierney George Tierney PC was an English Whig politician.-Background and education:Born in Gibraltar, Tierney was the son of Thomas Tierney, a wealthy Irish merchant of London, who was living in Gibraltar as prize agent. He was sent to Eton and Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he took the degree of Law in 1784... |
Whig | ||||
| 1818 United Kingdom general election, 1818 The 1818 general election of the United Kingdom saw the Whigs gain a few seats, but the Tories under the Earl of Liverpool retained a majority of around 90 seats... |
George Fludyer | Tory | Lucius Concannon | Whig | ||
| 1819 by-election | Adolphus Dalrymple Sir Adolphus Dalrymple, 2nd Baronet Sir Adolphus John Dalrymple, 2nd Baronet of High Mark was a British army officer and politician. -Early life:... |
Tory | ||||
| March 1820 United Kingdom general election, 1820 The 1820 UK general election, held shortly after the Radical War in Scotland and the Cato Street Conspiracy. In this atmosphere, the Tories under the Earl of Liverpool were able to win a substantial majority over the Whigs.... |
George Tierney George Tierney George Tierney PC was an English Whig politician.-Background and education:Born in Gibraltar, Tierney was the son of Thomas Tierney, a wealthy Irish merchant of London, who was living in Gibraltar as prize agent. He was sent to Eton and Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he took the degree of Law in 1784... |
Whig | ||||
| May 1820 by-election | Thomas Creevey Thomas Creevey Thomas Creevey was an English politician, son of William Creevey, a Liverpool merchant, and was born in that city.... |
Whig | ||||
| 1826 United Kingdom general election, 1826 The 1826 United Kingdom general election saw the Tories under the Earl of Liverpool win a substantial and increased majority over the Whigs. In Ireland, Home Rule candidates, working with the Whigs, won large gains from Unionist candidates.... |
Hon. Henry Tufton Henry Tufton, 11th Earl of Thanet Henry James Tufton, 11th Earl of Thanet was a peer in the peerage of England and a noted English cricketer of the 1790s.-Biography:... |
Whig | Viscount Maitland James Maitland, 9th Earl of Lauderdale James Maitland, 9th Earl of Lauderdale , styled Viscount Maitland between 1789 and 1839, was a British peer and Whig politician.-Background and education:... |
Tory | ||
| May 1832 by-election | Charles Henry Barham | Whig | ||||
| 1832 United Kingdom general election, 1832 -Seats summary:-Parties and leaders at the general election:The Earl Grey had been Prime Minister since 22 November 1830. His was the first predominantly Whig administration since the Ministry of all the Talents in 1806-1807.... |
Constituency abolished by the Great Reform Act | |||||
Notes
MPs 1885–1918
| Election | Member | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1885 United Kingdom general election, 1885 -Seats summary:-See also:*List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1885*Parliamentary Franchise in the United Kingdom 1885–1918*Representation of the People Act 1884*Redistribution of Seats Act 1885-References:... |
Hon. William Lowther William Lowther (diplomat) William Lowther was a British diplomat and Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1868 to 1892.... |
Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1892 United Kingdom general election, 1892 The 1892 United Kingdom general election was held from 4 July to 26 July 1892. It saw the Conservatives, led by Lord Salisbury, win the greatest number of seats, but not enough for an overall majority as William Ewart Gladstone's Liberals won many more seats than in the 1886 general election... |
Sir Joseph Savory Sir Joseph Savory, 1st Baronet Sir Joseph Savory, 1st Baronet was a Sheriff of London, Lord Mayor of London and MP.He was born in Clapton, London, the eldest son of Joseph Savory of Buckhurst Park, Berkshire and educated at Harrow School.... |
Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1900 United Kingdom general election, 1900 -Seats summary:-See also:*MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1900*The Parliamentary Franchise in the United Kingdom 1885-1918-External links:***-References:*F. W. S. Craig, British Electoral Facts: 1832-1987**... |
Richard Rigg | Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
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| 1905 by-election | Leifchild Stratten Jones Leifchild Jones, 1st Baron Rhayader Leifchild Stratten Leif-Jones, 1st Baron Rhayader PC , known as Leif Jones before his elevation to the peerage in 1932, was a British Temperance movement leader and Liberal politician.-Background and education:... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
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| January 1910 | Lancelot Sanderson Lancelot Sanderson Sir Lancelot Sanderson KC was a British Conservative politician and judge.A barrister of the Inner Temple, he was appointed Recorder of Wigan in 1901 and took silk in 1903.... |
Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1915 by-election | Sir H. Cecil Lowther Cecil Lowther Major-General Sir Cecil Lowther, KCMG, CB, CVO, DSO, FRGS was a British general and Conservative politician, the fourth son of William Lowther.... |
Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1918 United Kingdom general election, 1918 The United Kingdom general election of 1918 was the first to be held after the Representation of the People Act 1918, which meant it was the first United Kingdom general election in which nearly all adult men and some women could vote. Polling was held on 14 December 1918, although the count did... |
constituency abolished: see Westmorland Westmorland (UK Parliament constituency) Westmorland was a constituency covering the county of Westmorland in the North of England, which returned Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.The constituency had two separate periods of existence.... |
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Election results
Election results taken from the History of Parliament Trust series.Elections in the 18th century
- Death of Sandford
- Succession of Tufton as 7th Earl of ThanetEarl of ThanetEarl of the Isle of Thanet, in practice shortened to Earl of Thanet, was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1628 for Nicholas Tufton, 1st Baron Tufton. He had already succeeded as second Baronet of Hothfield in 1631 and been created Baron Tufton, of Tufton in the County of Sussex,...
- Dodington chose to sit for BridgwaterBridgwater (UK Parliament constituency)Bridgwater was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, until 2010 when it was replaced by the Bridgwater and West Somerset constituency...