Ambrosius Petruzzy
Encyclopedia
Ambrosius Petruzzy was an Italian
master stonemason and baroque
sculptor.
and his wife Maria sold their house with a garden to master Ambrosius and Lucia Petruzzy. Petruzzy had already been a member of the Brotherhood of Stonemasons for a long time, because in the same year of 1640, he led the stonemason's and bricklayer's Viertellade in the imperial stonepit.
In the 1640s, the Vienna
mason's lodge energetically demanded that the Kaisersteinbruch masters separate from the Wiener Neustadt
guild and turn to the Viennese one, or else they would have big problems with their Viennese appointments. A letter from the Viennese master stonemason to abbot Michael Schnabel of Abbey Heiligenkreuz as the authority in March 1641 says about that: "...the Heiligenkreuz subject, Ambrosius Petruzzy, who was banished from Klosterneuburg
, has now established a factory in front of the Carinthia gate...
, for the levy of the Neue Kayserliche Freyheiten (New Imperial Liberties) were established: 45 Kreuzer
for a master, 15 Kreuzer for a journeyman. Thus it follow that:
. Henceforward, one master would not be permitted to have two works, nor would two masters be allowed in one work.
In October 1644, the Viennese lodge announced that master stonemason Giacomo Provino (Jacopo Provin) from the Spital am Pyhrn
monastery requested sending his son Andreas Provin for the next three years as an apprentice to master stonemason Ambrosius Petruzzy, citizen of Vienna. He had previously learned three and a half years from himself, but due to weakness of the body he is sure to pass away.
Ambrosius Petruzzy died in 1652, leaving debts; thus the whole stonepit was handed over to his brother Domenicus Petruzzy, who paid the debts.
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
master stonemason and baroque
Baroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
sculptor.
Life
In December 1640, master Francesco MadernoMaderno
Maderno can refer to:*Carlo Maderno, Italian 17th century architect.*Stefano Maderno, Italian 17th century sculptor.*Maderno, a town in the comune of Toscolano-Maderno, Lombardy, Italy....
and his wife Maria sold their house with a garden to master Ambrosius and Lucia Petruzzy. Petruzzy had already been a member of the Brotherhood of Stonemasons for a long time, because in the same year of 1640, he led the stonemason's and bricklayer's Viertellade in the imperial stonepit.
In the 1640s, the Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
mason's lodge energetically demanded that the Kaisersteinbruch masters separate from the Wiener Neustadt
Wiener Neustadt
-Main sights:* The Late-Romanesque Dom, consecrated in 1279 and cathedral from 1469 to 1785. The choir and transept, in Gothic style, are from the 14th century. In the late 15th century 12 statues of the Apostles were added in the apse, while the bust of Cardinal Melchior Klesl is attributed to...
guild and turn to the Viennese one, or else they would have big problems with their Viennese appointments. A letter from the Viennese master stonemason to abbot Michael Schnabel of Abbey Heiligenkreuz as the authority in March 1641 says about that: "...the Heiligenkreuz subject, Ambrosius Petruzzy, who was banished from Klosterneuburg
Klosterneuburg
Klosterneuburg is an attractive small town in Lower Austria, Austria with a population of 24,442.It is located on the Danube, immediately north of Vienna, from which it is separated by the Kahlenberg and Leopoldsberg hills...
, has now established a factory in front of the Carinthia gate...
Master in both Kaisersteinbruch and Vienna
The following masters were members of both the Viennese lodge and the Kaisersteinbruch brotherhood at the same time. In the records for November 1644, the fees for Viennese master stonemasons, as well as for journeymenJourneyman
A journeyman is someone who completed an apprenticeship and was fully educated in a trade or craft, but not yet a master. To become a master, a journeyman had to submit a master work piece to a guild for evaluation and be admitted to the guild as a master....
, for the levy of the Neue Kayserliche Freyheiten (New Imperial Liberties) were established: 45 Kreuzer
Kreuzer
The Kreuzer, in English usually kreutzer, was a silver coin and unit of currency existing in the southern German states prior to the unification of Germany, and in Austria.-Early history:...
for a master, 15 Kreuzer for a journeyman. Thus it follow that:
- Pietro Maino Maderno paid for himself and four journeymen - 1 GuldenAustro-Hungarian guldenThe Gulden or forint was the currency of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire between 1754 and 1892 when it was replaced by the Krone/korona as part of the introduction of the gold standard. In Austria, the Gulden was initially divided into 60 Kreuzer, and in Hungary, the...
45 Kreuzer - Hieronymus Bregno paid for himself and one journeyman (Francesco della Torre) - 1 Gulden
- Antonius Purisol paid on July 31 for himself and two journeymen - 1 Gulden 15 Kreuzer
- Hans Herstorffer paid on July 31 for himself and his three journeymen - 1 Gulden 30 Kreuzer
- Peter Concorz paid for himself and his seven journeymen - 2 Gulden 30 Kreuzer
- Ambrosius Petruzzy paid on September 5 for himself and two journeymen - 1 Gulden 15 Kreuzer
Lease of the stonepit
In March 1643, Petruzzy wrote a petition to the abbot: "...the administrator desires 20 Gulden in interest for my small stonepit annually, ... other subjects, who have far larger stonepits, have to pay no more than 2 Gulden 30 Kreuzer..." The abbot decided that he would have to pay 15 Reichstaler every year or to give him a nice doorframe (which amounted to half).Order for the Michael Church in Vienna
In May 1644, the Viennese lodge decided in the conflict between the masters Ambrosius Petruzzy and Antonius Purisol, both of Kaisersteinbruch, that only master Petruzzy should remain in the stonemason works of St. Michael's ChurchMichaelerkirche (Vienna)
St. Michael's Church , dedicated to the Archangel Michael, is one of the oldest churches in Vienna, Austria, and also one of its few remaining Romanesque buildings. Over time, there have been many alterations, resulting in its present day aspect, unchanged since 1792...
. Henceforward, one master would not be permitted to have two works, nor would two masters be allowed in one work.
In October 1644, the Viennese lodge announced that master stonemason Giacomo Provino (Jacopo Provin) from the Spital am Pyhrn
Spital am Pyhrn
Spital am Pyhrn is a municipality in the district of Kirchdorf an der Krems in Upper Austria, Austria.-References:...
monastery requested sending his son Andreas Provin for the next three years as an apprentice to master stonemason Ambrosius Petruzzy, citizen of Vienna. He had previously learned three and a half years from himself, but due to weakness of the body he is sure to pass away.
Ambrosius Petruzzy died in 1652, leaving debts; thus the whole stonepit was handed over to his brother Domenicus Petruzzy, who paid the debts.
Works
- 1630–1634: Forchtenstein CastleForchtenstein CastleForchtenstein Castle is a castle built in the late Middle Ages near the municipality of Forchtenstein in northern Burgenland, Austria.-History:...
, large commission for three Kaisersteinbruch masters, Ambrosius Petruzzy, Pietro Maino Maderno and Mathias Lorentisch. Stone for main portals, fountain, cannonballs, etc. Supplies of the prepared stone drawn in large stone carts by six oxen, - 1640: KlosterneuburgKlosterneuburgKlosterneuburg is an attractive small town in Lower Austria, Austria with a population of 24,442.It is located on the Danube, immediately north of Vienna, from which it is separated by the Kahlenberg and Leopoldsberg hills...
, - 1641: at the Carinthia Gate of the Viennese city wall,
- 1644: St. Michael's Church in Vienna, stonemason work, vespers image in the chapel, stairs.
Literature
All references are in German.- Michaelerkirche, Rechnungsbuch Vesperbildkapelle ab 1639.
- Wiener Stadt- und Landesarchiv, Steinmetzakten, Ereignisprotokolle 1644.
- Archive of Abbey Heiligenkreuz, Register.
- Helmuth Furch, Steinmetzmeister, die in Wien und Kaisersteinbruch tätig waren, Ambrosius Petruzzy. In: Mitteilungen des Museums- und Kulturvereines Kaisersteinbruch, vol. 24, pp. 7-14, February 1993.
- Max Pfister and B. Anderes, Repertorium der Tessiner Künstler. Der vergessene größte Kulturbeitrag der Schweiz an Europa, 2 volumes, 1994.
- Helmuth Furch, Die Viertellade des Steinmetz- und Maurerhandwerkes im kaiserlichen Steinbruch am Leithaberg in ihrer Beziehung zur Wiener Hauptlade, 17.-18. Jh., in IV. Internationales Handwerksgeschichtliches Symposium Veszprém, 9-11 November 1994, ed. by the Hungarian Academy of SciencesHungarian Academy of SciencesThe Hungarian Academy of Sciences is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest.-History:...
, Budapest/Veszprém 1995, pp. 99-102. - Helmuth Furch, Historisches Lexikon Kaisersteinbruch, 2 vol., Museums- und Kulturverein, Kaisersteinbruch 2002–2004.