Albategnius is an ancient lunar

Moon

The Moon is Earth's only known natural satellite,There are a number of near-Earth asteroids including 3753 Cruithne that are co-orbital with Earth: their orbits bring them close to Earth for periods of time but then alter in the long term . These are quasi-satellites and not true moons. For more...

 impact crater

Impact crater

In the broadest sense, the term impact crater can be applied to any depression, natural or manmade, resulting from the high velocity impact of a projectile with a larger body...

 located in the central highlands. It is named after the Muslim astronomer and scientist Al-Battani. The level interior forms a "walled plain", surrounded by the high, terraced rim. The outer wall is somewhat hexagon-shaped, and has been heavily eroded with impacts, valleys and landslips. It attains a height above 4,000 meters along the northeast face. The rim is broken in the southwest by the smaller crater Klein

Klein (crater)

Klein is a lunar impact crater that is located across the western rim of the larger crater Albategnius, in the central highlands region of the Moon....

.

Offset to the west of the crater mid-point is the central peak of Albategnius. This formation is designated Alpha (α) Albategnius. It is longer in extent in the north-south direction, extending for just under 20 kilometers, and has a width about half that. The peak rises to an altitude of roughly 1.5 km, and there is a tiny, relatively fresh crater at the top.

Albategnius is located to the south of the crater Hipparchus

Hipparchus (lunar crater)

Hipparchus is the degraded remnant of a lunar crater. It is located to the southeast of Sinus Medii, near the center of the visible Moon. To the south is the prominent crater Albategnius, and to the southwest lies Ptolemaeus, a feature of comparable dimensions to Hipparchus. Horrocks lies entirely...

 and to the east of Ptolemaeus

Ptolemaeus (lunar crater)

Ptolemaeus is an ancient lunar impact crater close to the center of the near side. To the south-southeast Ptolemaeus is joined to the rim of the crater Alphonsus by a section of rugged, irregular terrain, and these form a prominent chain with Arzachel to the south...

 and Alphonsus

Alphonsus (crater)

Alphonsus is an ancient impact crater on the Moon that dates from the immediate post-Nectarian era. It is located on the lunar highlands on the eastern end of Mare Nubium, west of the Imbrian Highlands, and slightly overlaps the crater Ptolemaeus to the north. The surface is broken and irregular...

. The surface in this area is marked by a set of nearly parallel scars that form channels

Channel (geography)

In physical geography, a channel is the physical confine of a river, slough or ocean strait consisting of a bed and banks.A channel is also the natural or human-made deeper course through a reef, sand bar, bay, or any shallow body of water...

 running roughly in a north-south line, bent slightly to the southeast.

Albategnius is believed to have been featured prominently in an early sketch drawing by Galileo

Galileo Galilei

Galileo Galilei , was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations and support for Copernicanism...

 in his book Sidereus Nuncius

Sidereus Nuncius

Sidereus Nuncius is a short treatise published in New Latin by Galileo Galilei in March 1610. It was the first scientific treatise based on observations made through a telescope...

 published in 1610, appearing along the lunar terminator

Lunar terminator

The Lunar terminator is the division between the illuminated and dark parts of the Earth's Moon.. It is the lunar equivalent of the division between night and day on the Earth's sphere, although the Moon's much lower rate of rotation means it takes longer for it to pass across the surface.Due to...

.

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater mid-point that is closest to Albategnius.

Albategnius	Latitude	Longitude	Diameter
A	8.9° S	3.2° E	7 km
B	10.0° S	4.0° E	20 km
C	10.3° S	3.7° E	6 km
D	11.3° S	7.1° E	9 km
E	12.9° S	6.4° E	14 km
G	9.4° S	1.9° E	15 km
H	9.7° S	5.2° E	11 km
J	11.1° S	6.2° E	7 km
K	9.9° S	2.0° E	10 km
L	12.1° S	6.3° E	8 km
M	8.9° S	4.2° E	9 km
N	9.8° S	4.5° E	9 km
O	13.2° S	4.2° E	5 km
P	12.9° S	4.5° E	5 km
S	13.3° S	6.1° E	6 km
T	12.6° S	6.1° E	9 km