Adenosine reuptake inhibitor
Encyclopedia
An adenosine reuptake inhibitor (AdoRI) is a type of drug
which acts as a reuptake inhibitor
for the purine
nucleoside
and neurotransmitter
adenosine by blocking the action
of one or more of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter
s (ENTs). This in turn leads to increased extracellular
concentration
s of adenosine and therefore an increase in adenosinergic neurotransmission
.
Drug
A drug, broadly speaking, is any substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal bodily function. There is no single, precise definition, as there are different meanings in drug control law, government regulations, medicine, and colloquial usage.In pharmacology, a...
which acts as a reuptake inhibitor
Reuptake inhibitor
A reuptake inhibitor , also known as a transporter blocker, is a drug that inhibits the plasmalemmal transporter-mediated reuptake of a neurotransmitter from the synapse into the pre-synaptic neuron, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter and therefore an...
for the purine
Purine
A purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring. Purines, including substituted purines and their tautomers, are the most widely distributed kind of nitrogen-containing heterocycle in nature....
nucleoside
Nucleoside
Nucleosides are glycosylamines consisting of a nucleobase bound to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar via a beta-glycosidic linkage...
and neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse. Neurotransmitters are packaged into synaptic vesicles clustered beneath the membrane on the presynaptic side of a synapse, and are released into the synaptic cleft, where they bind to...
adenosine by blocking the action
Drug action
The action of drugs on the human body is called pharmacodynamics, and what the body does with the drug is called pharmacokinetics. The drugs that enter the human tend to stimulate certain receptors, ion channels, act on enzymes or transporter proteins...
of one or more of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter
The equilibrative nucleoside transporter family, also known as SLC29, is a group of plasmalemmal transport proteins which transport nucleoside substrates like adenosine into cells. There are four known ENTs, designated ENT1, ENT2, ENT3, and ENT4...
s (ENTs). This in turn leads to increased extracellular
Extracellular
In cell biology, molecular biology and related fields, the word extracellular means "outside the cell". This space is usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid...
concentration
Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is defined as the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Four types can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration...
s of adenosine and therefore an increase in adenosinergic neurotransmission
Neurotransmission
Neurotransmission , also called synaptic transmission, is the process by which signaling molecules called neurotransmitters are released by a neuron , and bind to and activate the receptors of another neuron...
.