Adelaide Metro
Encyclopedia
Adelaide Metro is the public transport
Public transport
Public transport is a shared passenger transportation service which is available for use by the general public, as distinct from modes such as taxicab, car pooling or hired buses which are not shared by strangers without private arrangement.Public transport modes include buses, trolleybuses, trams...

 system of the South Australia
South Australia
South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country. It covers some of the most arid parts of the continent; with a total land area of , it is the fourth largest of Australia's six states and two territories.South Australia shares borders with all of the mainland...

n capital of Adelaide
Adelaide
Adelaide is the capital city of South Australia and the fifth-largest city in Australia. Adelaide has an estimated population of more than 1.2 million...

 and the brand name of the Public Transport Division of the Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure. It is an intermodal system
Intermodal passenger transport
Intermodal passenger transport involves more than one mode of transport of passengers. Some modes of transportation have always been intermodal; for example, most major airports have extensive facilities for automobile parking and have good rail or bus connections to the cities nearby. Urban bus...

 with services provided by bus
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...

, tram
Tram
A tram is a passenger rail vehicle which runs on tracks along public urban streets and also sometimes on separate rights of way. It may also run between cities and/or towns , and/or partially grade separated even in the cities...

 or commuter rail throughout the metropolitan area
Metropolitan area
The term metropolitan area refers to a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing. A metropolitan area usually encompasses multiple jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships,...

. The services, although contracted to four separate operators, are fully integrated under Adelaide Metro and share a universal ticketing system, marketing, and common livery and signage.

History

The Adelaide Metro is a brand introduced in 2000 following the tender privatisation of bus services. Previously, the public transport system in Adelaide has been known under several names. From 1994 until well into 2002 the name for this South Australian State Government department was the Passenger Transport Board. Before 1994, the system was operated by the State Transport Authority
State Transport Authority (South Australia)
The State Transport Authority was the government agency which controlled public transport within the State of South Australia between 1974 and 1994....

. Closer to the middle of the twentieth century, the Municipal Tramways Trust was the public transport authority in Adelaide, South Australia. Adelaide removed all tramlines during the 1960s leaving only the Glenelg line. This tramline has been since extended during 2007 by the Department Of Transport, Energy & Infrastructure (DTEI). Please see http://www.adelaidemetro.com.au for further historical information regarding the Glenelg tramline extension during 2007.

Buses

The largest element of Adelaide's public transport system is a fleet of diesel and natural gas powered buses. The majority of services terminate at the city-centre or at a suburban rail station or shopping centre interchange. As contracts are revised for privatised bus operations, more cross suburban routes are added to the network, whereas in the past bus routes were largely focused on moving passengers from the suburbs to the CBD. Most cross-suburban routes that pass through the CBD, including those using main north and main south roads, do not indicate that they are going beyond the CBD (it is not shown at stops, on timetables or on the buses themselves). The driver changes the bus number and route before entering the city centre without informing passengers, and often results in confusion when people get off of a bus, especially if the altered bus route is the one to which they needed to transfer. Adelaide Metro buses get priority on a few roads and intersections, with dedicated bus lane
Bus lane
A bus lane or bus only lane is a lane restricted to buses, and generally used to speed up public transport that would be otherwise held up by traffic congestion...

s and bus only signal phases at some traffic lights.

The Adelaide Metro buses are operated by:
  • Torrens Transit
    Torrens Transit
    Torrens Transit is a privately owned public transport company which operates a bus service in the South Australian capital of Adelaide. It is part of Transit Systems Australia, which also operates Swan Transit....

     - Operates the east-west contract area.
  • SouthLink
    SouthLink
    SouthLink is a private public transport company that provides a bus service to outer southern and outer northern Adelaide, Australia. Australian Transit Enterprises , a joint venture between Hornibrook Bus Lines and Grenda Corporation, is SouthLink's parent company, and is also provides bus...

     - Operates Outer South and Outer North contract areas, as well as the Adelaide Hills contract area.
  • Light City Buses - Operates the North-South, Outer North East contract areas, plus the 300 suburban connecter.

Commuter rail

The Adelaide suburban railway network is operated by Department Of Planning, Transport Infrastructure (South Australia)(Public Transport Services Division),but trades under the Adelaide Metro brand and consists of six lines. It is the only suburban network in Australia that still operates solely with diesel railcars, though it is planned to electrify most lines from 2013 onwards. The current fleet consists of 70 diesel-electric
Diesel-electric
Diesel-electric transmission or diesel-electric powertrain is used by a number of vehicle and ship types for providing locomotion.A diesel-electric transmission system includes a diesel engine connected to an electrical generator, creating electricity that powers electric traction motors...

 3000/3100 railcars
3000 class railcar
The "3000" class railcar is the main workhorse of TransAdelaide's suburban passenger operations in Adelaide, South Australia. There are two variants: 3000 series, featuring a cab at each end, and 3100 series with one cab....

 and 29 2000/2100 diesel hydraulic railcars
2000 class railcar
The "2000" class railcars are self-propelled diesel railcars which are used by TransAdelaide on the Adelaide metropolitan rail network. The body shell design was based on the Budd SPV2000, Metroliner and Amfleet cars but the 2000 class railcars have a slightly different curve to the Amfleet. They...

.

There are six rail lines, all terminating at Adelaide Railway Station
Adelaide Railway Station
Adelaide Railway Station is the central terminus of the Adelaide Metro railway system. It is at on the north side of North Terrace, west of Parliament House. The Adelaide Casino is in part of the building that is no longer required for the station....

 in the CBD. They are:
  • Gawler Central: proceeds north from the Adelaide Railway Station for 42 km, terminating at Gawler Central station, Gawler
    Gawler, South Australia
    Gawler is the first country town in the state of South Australia, and is named after the second Governor of the colony of South Australia, George Gawler. It is located north of the centre of the state capital, Adelaide, and is close to the major wine producing district of the Barossa Valley...

    . This is the most frequent and heavily patronised line on the network. On weekdays some services terminate at Gawler Station.
  • Noarlunga Centre: proceeds south from the Adelaide Railway Station for 30 km and terminates at Noarlunga Centre. On weekdays some services terminate at Brighton
    Brighton railway station, Adelaide
    Brighton railway station on the Noarlunga Centre railway line in the south-western Adelaide suburbs is 16.0 km by railway from Adelaide Railway Station...

    .
    • Tonsley: a 4-km spur from the Noarlunga line to Tonsley Station.
  • Outer Harbor: proceeds north-west from the Adelaide Railway Station for 22 km and terminates at Outer Harbor Station. On weekdays some services terminate at Glanville
    Glanville railway station, Adelaide
    Glanville railway station is a railway station with four platforms on the Outer Harbor railway line which is located in the northwestern Adelaide suburb of Glanville on the LeFevre Peninsula. It is located 13.8 km by railway from the Adelaide Railway Station...

    .
    • Grange: a 6 km spur from the Outer Harbor line to Grange Station.
  • Belair: proceeds south-east from the Adelaide Railway Station for 22 km, winding though the Adelaide hills to terminate at Belair.

Light rail

Adelaide's once extensive tram network was dismantled in the middle of the 20th century leaving only the Glenelg Tram running 12 kilometres between Victoria Square
Victoria Square, Adelaide
Victoria Square is a public square in the South Australian capital of Adelaide. The square is in the centre of the city's grid of one square mile, and was named by the Street Naming Committee on 23 May 1837 after Princess Victoria, heir presumptive of the British throne. Less than a month later the...

 in the city-centre and Moseley Square
Moseley Square, Glenelg
Moseley Square is a public square in the City of Holdfast Bay at Glenelg. It was named after an early councillor who promoted the building of a railway line to Glenelg...

 on the beachfront at Glenelg
Glenelg, South Australia
Glenelg is a popular beach-side suburb of the South Australian capital of Adelaide. Located on the shore of Holdfast Bay in Gulf St Vincent, it has become a popular tourist destination due to its beach and many attractions, home to several hotels and dozens of restaurants.Established in 1836, it is...

. The majority of the line is on a dedicated corridor though the western suburbs, but travels on roadway in the city from the terminus to South Terrace
South Terrace, Adelaide
South Terrace is a street on the south side of the city centre of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. It runs from Anzac Highway and connects to Glen Osmond Road. King William Street ends at South Terrace. It is the southern edge of the city centre, and is bounded by parklands to the south,...

 and along Jetty Road
Jetty Road, Glenelg
Jetty Road in Glenelg is a major tourism and retail precinct in South Australia. Starting from Brighton Road, it is almost 1 kilometre long. At its western end is Moseley Square and the popular Glenelg beachfront....

 in Glenelg.

An extension of the line from Victoria Square down King William Street
King William Street, Adelaide
King William Street is the part of a major arterial road that traverses the CBD and centre of Adelaide . It was named by the Street Naming Committee on 23 May 1837 after King William IV, the then reigning monarch, who died within a month...

 and along North Terrace
North Terrace, Adelaide
North Terrace is one of the four terraces that bound the central business and residential district of the city of Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. It runs east-west, along the northern edge of the CBD.-North Side of North Terrace:...

 to a terminus near Morphett Street
Morphett Street, Adelaide
Morphett Street is a main road in the west of the central business district of Adelaide, South Australia. It runs north-south, between North and South Terraces....

 bridge opened to the public on 14 October 2007. The extended line now has stops adjacent to key city points, including Rundle Mall
Rundle Mall, Adelaide
Rundle Mall is the premiere retail area in the centre of Adelaide, South Australia. It was opened as Australia's first pedestrian street mall in September 1976 by closing Rundle Street to traffic between King William Street and Pulteney Street...

, the Adelaide Railway Station
Adelaide Railway Station
Adelaide Railway Station is the central terminus of the Adelaide Metro railway system. It is at on the north side of North Terrace, west of Parliament House. The Adelaide Casino is in part of the building that is no longer required for the station....

 and the City West campus of the University of South Australia
University of South Australia
The University of South Australia is a public university in the Australian state of South Australia. It was formed in 1991 with the merger of the South Australian Institute of Technology and Colleges of Advanced Education. It is the largest university in South Australia, with more than 36,000...

. Plans to build new lines from the City to AAMI Stadium at West Lakes, Port Adelaide and Semaphore have been proposed. A plan to create a city loop by extending the line through either Morphett or Gray streets, Currie Street
Currie Street, Adelaide
Currie Street is a main street in the Adelaide city centre, in Adelaide, South Australia. It runs east-to-west from King William Street, through Light Square, to West Terrace on the western edge of the city centre.-Henley Beach Road:...

, and Grote Street
Grote Street, Adelaide
Grote Street is a major street in the CBD of the centre of Adelaide, South Australia. It runs in an east-west direction, as a continuation of Wakefield Street where it crosses Victoria Square. It concludes at West Terrace; the road which continues is Sir Donald Bradman Drive...

 to rejoin the line in Victoria Square has also been proposed. As of November 2009 there is a great amount of work occurring with Light-Rail in Adelaide; the 2.8 km extension of track from the existing City West stop to the Adelaide Entertainment Centre, the south road tram bridge will be in operation by December 2009, a complete replacement of the line's overhead wiring is already underway, and 6 new trams (imported from Spain) have already started to arrive and will be in operation by 2010.

The line is operated by TransAdelaide
TransAdelaide
TransAdelaide was a publicly owned corporation which provided suburban train and tram services in Adelaide, South Australia, under contract to the Government of South Australia....

 from Glengowrie
Glengowrie, South Australia
Glengowrie is a suburb of the Australian city of Adelaide, approximately 12 kilometres south west of the city centre. The name Glengowrie means "Glen of Gowrie", so called in honour of Lord Gowrie , Governor-General of Australia from 1936-1944.-Location:Located in the City of Marion, Glengowrie is...

 depot, using 11 Flexity Classic
Flexity Classic
The Flexity Classic is a model of light-rail tram manufactured by Bombardier. Although it is marketed as the most traditionally-designed member of the Flexity family, it is nevertheless a modern bi-directional articulated tram with a low-floor section allowing improved accessibility, especially to...

 trams on weekdays, by 2010 the extended line will use 16 trams and 5 heritage H-Class trams on weekends, public holidays and special occasions. It is inevitable that the heritage H-class trams will be withdrawn from the city's light-rail network in the near future.

Interchanges

  • Aberfoyle Park Interchange

Located in the southern suburbs at the Aberfoyle Hub Shopping Centre.
  • Arndale Interchange

Located in the north western suburbs at the Centro Arndale
Centro Arndale
Centro Arndale Shopping Centre is located at in the suburb of Kilkenny in Adelaide and is currently managed by the Centro Properties Group. It was previously managed by The Westfield Group. The facility is located on a main arterial, Torrens Road...

 Shopping Centre.
  • Blackwood Interchange

Located in the south eastern suburbs in the Adelaide Hills and provides train transfers from the Belair line with bus connections to the Stirling, Crafers and Aldgate.
  • Glanville Interchange

Located at the bottom of Semaphore road and provides bus and train transfers from the Outer Harbour line to West Lakes, Port Adelaide, and Osborne
  • Salisbury Interchange
    Salisbury Interchange, South Australia
    Salisbury Interchange is a railway station and bus interchange in the northern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia.Salisbury Interchange is on the Gawler Central railway line, 18.6 km from Adelaide station There are a large bus interchange and a park-and-ride facility alongside the station...


Located in Adelaide's northern suburbs and interconnects train services on the Gawler Central line with bus servics to areas around metropolitan Adelaide including Salisbury North, Paralowie, Burton, Virginia, Greenwith, Elizabeth, Hillbank, Greenfields, Mawson Lakes and Parafield Gardens
  • Elizabeth Interchange

Located in Adelaide's northern suburbs and interconnects train services on the Gawler Central line with bus services to areas around metropolitan Adelaide including Salisbury North, Salisbury, Munno Para, and Smithfield.
  • Old Reynella Bus Interchange
  • Noarlunga Centre Interchange
    Noarlunga Centre Interchange
    Noarlunga Centre Interchange is the terminus of the Noarlunga Centre line, a part of the suburban railway system in Adelaide, South Australia....


Located in Adelaide's southern suburbs and interconnects trains services on the Noarlunga Centre line with bus services to the outer southern suburbs including Aldinga, Seaford and Moana.
  • Smithfield Interchange
    Smithfield railway station, Adelaide
    Smithfield Interchange is a railway station on the Gawler railway line located in the northern Adelaide suburb of Smithfield. It is 30.2 km from the Adelaide Railway Station, and is part of the Smithfield Interchange which allows a connection with the 228, 440, 441, 442, 443 and 451 bus...


Located in Adelaide's northern suburbs and interconnects train services on the Gawler Central line with bus services to areas around metropolitan Adelaide including Munno Para, Craigmore and Andrew's Farm.
  • Tea Tree Plaza Interchange
    Tea Tree Plaza Interchange
    Tea Tree Plaza Interchange is an interchange belonging to the Adelaide Metro. It is the terminating station of the O-Bahn Busway, and is a central public transport hub for the north eastern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia.The interchange is also a popular hangout for students from the nearby...


Located in the north-eastern suburbs at the Westfield Tea Tree Plaza and the Tea Tree Plus Shopping Centres. It is the terminus of the O-Bahn Busway.
  • Paradise Interchange
    Paradise Interchange
    Paradise Interchange is an interchange of the O-Bahn Busway, belonging to the Adelaide Metro. This interchange is situated mid-way along the O-Bahn Busway, between Tea Tree Plaza Interchange and Klemzig Station in Paradise, South Australia....


Located in the north-eastern suburbs with bus connections to Para Hills, Athelstone, Newton and Campbelltown. Intermediate station on the O-Bahn Busway.
  • Klemzig Station
    Klemzig Station
    Klemzig Station is an interchange of the O-Bahn Busway, belonging to the Adelaide Metro in Adelaide, South Australia. It is the first stop when departing from the Adelaide CBD. The next stop is Paradise Interchange....


Located in the inner north-eastern suburbs with bus connections to Oakden and the Circle Line. Intermediate station on the O-Bahn Busway.
  • Mawson Interchange

Located in Adelaide's northern suburbs and interconnects train services on the Gawler Central line and bus services to areas around metropolitan Adelaide including Adelaide, Mawson Lakes Central and Salisbury.

Ticketing

The Adelaide Metro ticketing system is multi-modal
Intermodal passenger transport
Intermodal passenger transport involves more than one mode of transport of passengers. Some modes of transportation have always been intermodal; for example, most major airports have extensive facilities for automobile parking and have good rail or bus connections to the cities nearby. Urban bus...

, meaning that one ticket can be used to transfer between trains, trams and buses, regardless of the service provider. The system brand is Metroticket. It is an automated system which uses magnetic stripe tickets to encode conditions of ticket validity. The system was developed by Crouzet-SA (France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

). It was introduced on 27 September 1987. In 2010 a contract to introduce a smartcard ticketing system in 2013 was awarded to Affiliated Computer Services
Affiliated Computer Services
Affiliated Computer Services Inc. provides information technology services as well as business process outsourcing solutions to businesses, government agencies, and non-profit organizations. ACS is based in Dallas, Texas and the current CEO is Lynn Blodgett. ACS is ranked at number 341 on the 2010...

 using technology used in, among others, Montreal, Houston and Toulouse.
Passengers are required to insert their ticket into a validating machine upon each boarding, including when transferring to another vehicle. The machine reads the ticket to check that it is valid and then magnetically encodes and prints the initial validation time and ticket type details onto the ticket. This information is only printed on the ticket the first time it is validated.

Metrotickets are available in three fare types: Regular fare, Concession fare, and Student fare. The latter two are discount fares that are only available to those who present a valid entitlement card.

Metrotickets are then further broken down by journey type:
  • Singletrip 2 Section - a one way journey within 2 sections (about 3 km.). No transfers allowed.
  • Singletrip Zone - unlimited transfers within two hours of initial validation.
  • Multitrip ticket - ten journeys on one ticket. Available in 2 Section or Zone varieties.
  • Daytrip ticket - allows unlimited transfers from initial validation until 4:30 am the following day.


Singletrip and Multitrip tickets are available as all-times and interpeak tickets. 'All-times' allows travel at any time. 'Interpeak' allows travel between 9.01 am and 3.00pm on weekdays (excluding public holidays), for a lower price than an 'all-times' ticket.

Daytrip tickets allow free travel for two children aged under 15 on weekends, public holidays and during school holidays when accompanied by a parent or guardian.

Future development

Through the South Australian 2008 budget and as part of the Federal Government's nation building investment, over A$
Australian dollar
The Australian dollar is the currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, and Norfolk Island, as well as the independent Pacific Island states of Kiribati, Nauru and Tuvalu...

2 billion is being invested into transport over the next decade to revitalise the public transport network.
Which includes:

Light rail
  • The Tramline network will be extended coast-to-coast providing a service running through Glenelg to the City, to West Lakes and Semaphore through Port Adelaide. The light-rail network will transport commuters and tourists alike from Glenelg, through the city to historic Port Adelaide and, along a new light rail connection to Semaphore. A new connection will also be established from Woodville, via a branch line to AAMI Stadium and the West Lakes retail area.
  • The Tramline is being extended further along North Terrace onto Port Road, where it will travel to the Adelaide Entertainment Centre
    Adelaide Entertainment Centre
    The Adelaide Entertainment Centre is an indoor arena located in the South Australian capital of Adelaide, and is used for sporting and entertainment events. It is the principal venue for concerts, events and attractions for audiences between 2,000 and 12,000. It is located on Port Road in the...

    .
  • In the 2008 South Australian budget it was proposed that New dual voltage trams would operate alongside electric trains and use the existing Outer Harbor line and then travel to AAMI Stadium and West Lakes on a new track built from the Grange line. Another extension will be built from Semaphore, linking back through the heart of Port Adelaide from Rosewater.


Commuter rail
  • Upgrading and conversion of the suburban rail network from broad gauge
    Broad gauge
    Broad-gauge railways use a track gauge greater than the standard gauge of .- List :For list see: List of broad gauges, by gauge and country- History :...

     to standard gauge
    Standard gauge
    The standard gauge is a widely-used track gauge . Approximately 60% of the world's existing railway lines are built to this gauge...

    .
  • 25 kV AC
    25 kV AC
    The 25 kV Alternating current railway electrification system is commonly used in railways worldwide, especially for high-speed rail.-Overview:This electrification system is ideal for railways that cover long distances and/or carry heavy traffic...

    electrification of the lines to Noarlunga, Grange/Outer Harbor and Gawler.
  • The purchase of over 60 new electric railcars.
  • 58 of the 70 existing 3000-class railcars will be converted to electric operation after refurbishment.
  • By 2018 or sooner, when all the new trains are planned to be in service, the 30 older 2000-class trains from the early 1980s will be retired.
  • By 2013, thanks to Federal funding, the electrified Noarlunga line will be extended to a new terminus at Seaford, the upgrading/electrifying of the Gawler line has also been brought forward to 2013.


Buses
  • An extra 20 new buses a year for the next four years. The older buses that were introduced in the 1980s will also be retired in the next 5–7 years.
  • The O-Bahn will also be upgraded with planned station redevelopments at key interchanges. A new ticketing system, "gated interchanges" where tickets are validated before the bus arrives.
  • The Federal Government have also provided funding to improve bus access to and from the city for O-bahn buses with either an extension of the guided busway track or bus lanes.

Timeline

Year Description
2008
  • Service improvements across train/tram/bus.
  • Order new trams
2009
  • Tramline extension construction begins.
  • Track upgrading of Noarlunga line begins, including station upgrades at Hallet Cove.
  • Belair Line Renewal
  • Work on the Port Adelaide Viaduct begins.
  • Refurbishment of 3000/3100 trains begins.
  • 2010
  • Tramline extension complete.
  • New trams arrive.
  • Resleepering of Noarlunga line continues.
  • Resleepering of the Gawler line begins.
  • Order New Train sets.
  • Order New Ticketing System.
  • 2011
  • Electrification of Noarlunga and Gawler Lines Begins.
  • Electrification of Outer Harbor/Grange lines Begins.
  • Construction of the rail extension to Seaford Begins.
  • 2012
  • New trains arrive.
  • 2013
  • Electrification of all lines completed.
  • Seaford Rail Line completed.
  • West Lakes rail link construction begins.
  • 2015
  • 3000-Class train electric conversion complete.
  • Port Adelaide to Semaphore rail link construction begins.
  • West Lakes rail link complete.
  • 2017
  • Station upgrades including O-Bahn complete.
  • 2018
  • Port Adelaide to Semaphore rail link complete.
  • All 2000 trains withdrawn from service.

  • External links

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