A. E. Doyle
Encyclopedia
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
in the U.S. state
U.S. state
A U.S. state is any one of the 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of...
s of Oregon
Oregon
Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...
and Washington. He is most often credited for his works as A.E. Doyle.
Doyle was born in Santa Cruz, California
Santa Cruz, California
Santa Cruz is the county seat and largest city of Santa Cruz County, California in the US. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, Santa Cruz had a total population of 59,946...
, and moved with his family to Portland, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Portland is a city located in the Pacific Northwest, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States...
where he ultimately established his practice. He began an apprenticeship with the firm of Whidden & Lewis in 1893 and remained until 1906, with the exception of two years in New York with the office of Henry Bacon
Henry Bacon
Henry Bacon was an American Beaux-Arts architect who is best remembered for the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. , which was his final project.- Education and early career :...
. While with Whidden & Lewis he may have substantially designed the Forestry Building
World Forestry Center
The World Forestry Center is an American nonprofit educational institution in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. Located near the Oregon Zoo in Washington Park, the center was established in 1964 as the Western Forestry Center.-History:...
of the Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition
Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition
The Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition, commonly also known as the Lewis and Clark Exposition, and officially known as the Lewis and Clark Centennial American Pacific Exposition and Oriental Fair, was a worldwide exposition held in Portland, Oregon, United States in 1905 to celebrate the...
. While with Henry Bacon, he may have attended classes at Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
. From April to December 1906 he made a "grand tour" of Europe.
After returning to Portland, he opened his own practice. After securing the commission for a major addition to the Meier & Frank Store, he formed a partnership with architect William B. Patterson. The firm, Doyle & Patterson, lasted until 1914. Patterson served as the engineer and superintendent for the firm. When work dried up in 1914, the partnership dissolved and Doyle practiced on his own as A.E. Doyle, Architect.
Doyle & Patterson's Revival- and Italianate-style works set the tone for other commercial buildings in Portland, especially the use of glazed terra-cotta
Glazed architectural terra-cotta
Glazed architectural terra-cotta is a ceramic masonry building material popular in the United States from the late 19th century until the 1930s, and still one of the most common building materials found in U.S. urban environments...
. A series of residential cabins along the Oregon
Oregon Coast
The Oregon Coast is a region of the U.S. state of Oregon. It runs generally north-south along the Pacific Ocean, forming the western border of the state; the region is bounded to the east by the Oregon Coast Range. The Oregon Coast stretches approximately from the Columbia River in the north to...
and Washington coasts inspired a regional style that was widely emulated in the 1930s. Doyle also designed Portland's public drinking fountains known as Benson Bubblers.
Unbuilt works include additions to the now-demolished Portland Hotel
Portland Hotel
The Portland Hotel was a late-19th-century hotel in Portland, Oregon, United States that once occupied the city block on which Pioneer Courthouse Square now stands. It closed in 1951 after 61 years of operation.-History:...
(currently the site of Pioneer Courthouse Square
Pioneer Courthouse Square
Pioneer Courthouse Square, affectionately known as Portland's living room, is a public space occupying a full 40,000 ft² city block in the center of downtown Portland, Oregon, United States...
) and Doyle's own United States National Bank. Doyle also drew up an original design for the Equitable Building
Commonwealth Building (Portland, Oregon)
The Commonwealth Building is a 14-story commercial office tower in Portland, Oregon, United States, located at 421 SW 6th Avenue between Washington and Stark Streets. Designed by architect Pietro Belluschi, it was built between 1944 and 1948 and was originally known as the Equitable Building...
which called for an Art Deco
Art Deco
Art deco , or deco, is an eclectic artistic and design style that began in Paris in the 1920s and flourished internationally throughout the 1930s, into the World War II era. The style influenced all areas of design, including architecture and interior design, industrial design, fashion and...
skyscraper design. The building ended up being built after World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
by Pietro Belluschi in its noted and early International Style
International style (architecture)
The International style is a major architectural style that emerged in the 1920s and 1930s, the formative decades of Modern architecture. The term originated from the name of a book by Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson, The International Style...
design.
Doyle is sometimes credited with the design for Timberline Lodge on Mount Hood
Mount Hood
Mount Hood, called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe, is a stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc of northern Oregon. It was formed by a subduction zone and rests in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States...
near Government Camp, Oregon
Government Camp, Oregon
Government Camp is an unincorporated community located in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States, south of Mount Hood and north of Tom, Dick and Harry Mountain. It is a gateway to several ski resorts, the most popular being Timberline Lodge and Mount Hood Skibowl. Also, Government Camp has its...
, but he was merely one of several architects solicited to draw up plans for the building, which ended up being designed by Forest Service
United States Forest Service
The United States Forest Service is an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture that administers the nation's 155 national forests and 20 national grasslands, which encompass...
architects.
In the 1920s, Doyle's firm had a second period of growth. In 1925, Doyle hired the young Pietro Belluschi
Pietro Belluschi
Pietro Belluschi was an American architect, a leader of the Modern Movement in architecture, and was responsible for the design of over one thousand buildings....
.
Doyle died in Portland in 1928. The firm continued as A.E. Doyle & Associates until 1943 when the name was changed to Pietro Belluschi, Architect.
Doyle's collection of architecture books was purchased by Reed College
Reed College
Reed College is a private, independent, liberal arts college located in southeast Portland, Oregon. Founded in 1908, Reed is a residential college with a campus located in Portland's Eastmoreland neighborhood, featuring architecture based on the Tudor-Gothic style, and a forested canyon wilderness...
.
Notable A. E. Doyle buildings
Buildings marked (NRHP) are on the National Register of Historic PlacesNational Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
. As of 2008, 37 of Doyle's buildings are on the National Register.
Portland, Oregon
- Ball-Ehrman House (NRHP)
- Bank of California Building (now Bidwell & Co.) (NRHP)
- Bedell BuildingBedell BuildingThe Bedell Building, also known as the Cascade Building, is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - Benson HotelBenson HotelThe Benson Hotel is a 287 room historic hotel building in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States.It is owned and operated by Coast Hotels & Resorts. It was originally known as the New Oregon Hotel, and is commonly known as "The Benson". It has a reputation as one of Portland's finest hotels...
(NRHP) - Burke-Clark House (NRHP)
- Civic StadiumPGE ParkJeld-Wen Field is an outdoor sports stadium located in Portland, Oregon, United States that is used primarily for soccer and American football...
(now JeldWen Field, formerly PGE Park) - Cora Bryant Wheeler HouseCora Bryant Wheeler HouseThe Cora Bryant Wheeler House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places.-References:...
(NRHP) - Corbett Brothers Auto Storage GarageCorbett Brothers Auto Storage GarageThe Corbett Brothers Auto Storage Garage is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - Dr. Herbert S. Nichols HouseDr. Herbert S. Nichols HouseThe Dr. Herbert S. Nichols House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places.-References:...
(NRHP) - East Portland Branch, Public Library of Multnomah CountyEast Portland Branch, Public Library of Multnomah CountyThe East Portland Branch, Public Library of Multnomah County housed part of the library system of Multnomah County, Oregon, from 1911 to 1967. Designed by architect A. E. Doyle, the structure was completed in 1911 in Portland at 1110 Southeast Alder Street in the city's central eastside...
(NRHP) - Frank J. and Maude Louise Cobbs Estate (NRHP)
- Gaston-Strong House (NRHP)
- H. Russell Albee HouseH. Russell Albee HouseThe H. Russell Albee House is a house located in southeast Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - Hazelwood Creamery
- J. G. Edwards HouseJ. G. Edwards HouseThe J. G. Edwards House, also known as Pen-y-Brin, in Portland, Oregon, was built in 1926 in "Norman farmhouse" style. It was designed by A.E. Doyle. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991....
(NRHP) - Joseph R. Bowles HouseJoseph R. Bowles HouseThe Joseph R. Bowles House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - Lipman-Wolfe and Company Building (now Hotel Monaco) (NRHP)
- Meier & Frank BuildingMeier & Frank BuildingThe Meier & Frank Building is a fifteen story, glazed terra cotta building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, across from the northeast corner of Pioneer Courthouse Square. The building is the former flagship store and headquarters building for the Meier & Frank department store chain and has...
(first Doyle & Patterson commission) (NRHP) - Montgomery Court, now Portland State UniversityPortland State UniversityPortland State University is a public state urban university located in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1946, it has the largest overall enrollment of any university in the state of Oregon, including undergraduate and graduate students. It is also the only public university in...
residence hall - Morgan BuildingMorgan BuildingThe Morgan Building is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - Harmon-Neils House (NRHP)
- Multnomah County Central Library (NRHP)
- Neighborhood HouseNeighborhood HouseThe Neighborhood House, located in southwest Portland, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - Northwestern National Bank Building (NRHP)
- Oregon National BuildingSelling BuildingThe Selling Building is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - Pacific BuildingPacific BuildingThe Pacific Building is a historic office building in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 5, 1992....
(Pietro Bulluschi's first project with the firm) (NRHP) - Pittock BlockPittock BlockThe Pittock Block is a building in downtown Portland, Oregon. Since 1987, it has been on the National Register of Historic Places.The site originally was the home of Henry L. Pittock, Portland's major newspaper tycoon...
(NRHP) - Portland Van and Storage BuildingPortland Van and Storage BuildingThe Portland Van and Storage Building is a building located in north Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) (image) - Public Service Building (NRHP)
- Reed CollegeReed CollegeReed College is a private, independent, liberal arts college located in southeast Portland, Oregon. Founded in 1908, Reed is a residential college with a campus located in Portland's Eastmoreland neighborhood, featuring architecture based on the Tudor-Gothic style, and a forested canyon wilderness...
campus, including Eliot Hall - Riverdale Grade School
- Terminal Sales BuildingTerminal Sales BuildingThe Terminal Sales Building is a historic building in Portland, Oregon, United States. One of the few pieces of prominent Art Deco architecture in Portland, it is the only high-rise example. This was an A. E. Doyle project, an anomaly for the usually classical revival and Beaux Arts architect...
(NRHP) - United States National BankUnited States National Bank BuildingThe United States National Bank Building is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
(NRHP) - W. B. Ayer House (NRHP)
Seattle, Washington
- J.S. Graham Store (aka Doyle Building) (NRHP) (image)
Further reading
- King, Bart. An Architectural Guidebook to Portland. Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith Publishing, 2001.
- Kreisman, Lawrence. Made to Last: Historic Preservation in Seattle and King County. Historic Seattle Preservation Foundation, 1999.
- Lenceck, Lena and Gideon Bosker. Frozen Music, a history of Portland Architecture. Oregon Historical SocietyOregon Historical SocietyThe Oregon Historical Society is an organization that encourages and promotes the study and understanding of the history of the Oregon Country, within the broader context of U.S. history. Incorporated in 1898, the Society collects, preserves, and makes available materials of historical character...
, 1985. - Niles, Philip. Beauty of the City: A.E. Doyle, Portland's Architect. Oregon State University PressOregon State University PressOregon State University Press, or OSU Press, founded in 1961, is a university press that publishes roughly 15 titles per year and is part of Oregon State University...
, 2008.