1844 in Ireland
Encyclopedia
Events
- 29 March - Official opening of the Dalkey Atmospheric RailwayDalkey Atmospheric RailwayThe Dalkey Atmospheric Railway was an extension of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway to Atmospheric Road in Dalkey, Co. Dublin, Ireland. It used part of the Dalkey Quarry industrial tramway, which was earlier used for the construction of Kingstown Harbour...
. - 15 December - Saint Malachy's Church, BelfastSaint Malachy's Church, BelfastSaint Malachy's Church is a Catholic Church in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is located in Alfred Street, a short distance from Belfast City Hall. The Church is the focal point of the local parish community and Saint Malachy's Parish is one of the 88 parishes in the Diocese of Down and Connor...
is dedicated by Dr William CrollyWilliam CrollyWilliam Crolly was the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh from 1835 to 1849....
, Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland. - Dublin iron-founder Richard TurnerRichard Turner (iron-founder)Richard Turner was an Irish iron-founder and manufacturer of glasshouses, born in Dublin.His works included the Palm House at Kew Gardens , the glasshouse in the Winter Gardens at Regent's Park in London, the Palm House at Belfast Botanic Gardens and the Curvilinear Range at the Irish National...
begins assembing components for the Palm housePalm HouseA palm house is a greenhouse that is specialised for the growing of palms and other tropical and subtropical plants. Palm houses require constant heat and were built as status symbols in Victorian Britain...
at Kew Gardens in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
, the first large-scale structural use of wrought ironWrought ironthumb|The [[Eiffel tower]] is constructed from [[puddle iron]], a form of wrought ironWrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon...
.
Births
- 3 February - James Henry ReynoldsJames Henry ReynoldsLieutenant-Colonel James Henry Reynolds VC , born Kingstown , County Dublin, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross for his actions at the Battle of Rorke's Drift, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth...
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1879 at Rorke's DriftRorke's DriftThe Battle of Rorke's Drift, also known as the Defence of Rorke's Drift, was a battle in the Anglo-Zulu War. The defence of the mission station of Rorke's Drift, under the command of Lieutenant John Chard of the Royal Engineers, immediately followed the British Army's defeat at the Battle of...
, South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
(d.19321932 in Ireland-Events:*January 29 - Dáil Éireann is dissolved by the Governor-General, James McNeill. It brings ten years of Cumann na nGaedheal rule to an end.*March 7 - Dublin Corporation demands the return of the Hugh Lane pictures from the Tate Gallery in London....
). - 8 February - Joseph IvessJoseph IvessJoseph Ivess was a member of the New Zealand House of Representatives.-Biography:Joseph Ivess was born in Askeaton, County Limerick, Ireland in 1844. In 1852 he accompanied his parents to Melbourne, Australia, where he was educated at Barnett's Grammar School, Emerald Hill. His father, John Pope...
, member of the New Zealand House of RepresentativesNew Zealand House of RepresentativesThe New Zealand House of Representatives is the sole chamber of the legislature of New Zealand. The House and the Queen of New Zealand form the New Zealand Parliament....
(d.19191919 in Ireland-Events:*21 January - Dáil Éireann meets for the very first time in the Round Room of the Mansion House, Dublin. An independent Irish Republic is declared. In the first shots of the Anglo-Irish War, two Royal Irish Constabulary men are killed in Tipperary....
). - 12 March - Patrick CollinsPatrick Collins (mayor)Patrick Andrew Collins was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts and mayor of Boston.-Early life:Patrick Collins was born March 12, 1844 near Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland....
, U.S. Representative from MassachusettsMassachusettsThe Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...
and Mayor of BostonBostonBoston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...
(d.19051905 in Ireland-Events:*9 January - The Lillebonne, the largest vessel ever constructed in Dublin, is successfully launched in the North Wall Yard.*6 March - The obligation of the Post Office in regard to letters addressed in Irish is raised in the British House of Commons...
). - 5 June - Thomas Cleeve, founder of Condensed Milk Company of IrelandCondensed Milk Company of IrelandThe Condensed Milk Company of Ireland Limited was an Irish manufacturer of dairy products and, in its heyday, the largest of its kind in the United Kingdom. Its most famous product was Cleeve's Toffee, a popular confectionery which continued to be sold in Ireland until the 1980s.-Origins:The...
, High Sheriff of LimerickLimerickLimerick is the third largest city in the Republic of Ireland, and the principal city of County Limerick and Ireland's Mid-West Region. It is the fifth most populous city in all of Ireland. When taking the extra-municipal suburbs into account, Limerick is the third largest conurbation in the...
(d.19081908 in Ireland-Events:*19 May - Work begins on a monument to Charles Stewart Parnell in Upper Sackville Street, Dublin.*31 July - Irish Universities Act receives Royal Assent in the Parliament of the UK. This ultimately leads to the establishment of the National University of Ireland and Queen's University of...
). - 28 June - John Boyle O'ReillyJohn Boyle O'ReillyJohn Boyle O'Reilly was an Irish-born poet, journalist and fiction writer. As a youth in Ireland, he was a member of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, or Fenians, for which he was transported to Western Australia...
, poet and novelist (d.18901890 in Ireland-Events:*20 June - The newly covered St George's Market in Belfast is opened to the public.*17 November - Captain Willy O'Shea divorces his wife, Kitty, and wins custody of their children...
). - 7 July - George W. JoyGeorge W. JoyGeorge William Joy was an Irish painter.-Life and career:...
, painter (d.19251925 in Ireland-Events:*February 11 - In the Dáil a resolution is passed making it illegal for any citizen to secure a divorce with the right to re-marry in the State....
). - 1 August - Daniel John O'DonoghueDaniel John O'DonoghueDaniel John O'Donoghue was a printer, labour leader and political figure in Ontario. O'Donoghue is recognized as one of the original founders of organized labour in Canada and in 1874 he became the first labour candidate election to a Canadian legislature.-Labour activism:He was born near...
, printer, labour leader and politician in OntarioOntarioOntario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
(d.19071907 in Ireland-Events:*2 January - A new system of rail cars running from Amien Street in Dublin to Howth is introduced.*5 January - The first motor show, under the auspices of the Irish Automobile Club, opens in the RDS Dublin....
). - 9 August - John SweetmanJohn SweetmanJohn Sweetman was an Irish nationalist politician who served as an anti-Parnellite Member of Parliament in the 1890s, but later radicalised...
, politician, one of founders of Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
and second President of the party in 1908 (d.19361936 in Ireland-Events:*February 9 - Brian de Valera, third son of Éamon de Valera, dies in a riding accident, aged 21.*March 5 - Five hundred delegates attend the Fine Gael - United Ireland Party Árd-Feis in Dublin. W. T...
). - 6 November - Robert Browne, Roman Catholic BishopBishopA bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
of the Diocese of CloyneDiocese of CloyneDiocese of Cloyne may refer to:* Roman Catholic Diocese of Cloyne* Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross...
(d.19351935 in Ireland-Events:*January 3 - An Anglo-Irish Coal-Cattle Pact is signed between the governments of Britain and the Irish Free State.*January 20 - 40 men from the Connemara Gaeltacht travel to County Meath to inspect the area which is to be settled by residents of the Gaeltacht.*January 27 - Relics and...
). - 21 November - William Martin MurphyWilliam Martin MurphyWilliam Martin Murphy was an Irish nationalist journalist, businessman and politician. A Member of Parliament representing Dublin from 1885 to 1892, he was dubbed 'William Murder Murphy' among Dublin workers and the press due to the Dublin Lockout of 1913...
, Nationalist (Irish Parliamentary Party)Irish Parliamentary PartyThe Irish Parliamentary Party was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament elected to the House of Commons at...
MPMember of ParliamentA Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
, newspaper proprietor, leader of employer's syndicate in the Dublin Lockout of 1913 (d.19191919 in Ireland-Events:*21 January - Dáil Éireann meets for the very first time in the Round Room of the Mansion House, Dublin. An independent Irish Republic is declared. In the first shots of the Anglo-Irish War, two Royal Irish Constabulary men are killed in Tipperary....
). - 13 December - John Atkinson, Baron AtkinsonJohn Atkinson, Baron AtkinsonJohn Atkinson, Baron Atkinson was an Irish politician and British judge. He was born at Drogheda, County Louth, the eldest son of Edward Atkinson, a physician, of Glenwilliam Castle, County Limerick and Skea House, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh, and his wife Rosetta. He died at 39 Hyde Park Gate,...
, politician and judge, Attorney-General for IrelandAttorney-General for IrelandThe Attorney-General for Ireland was an Irish and then United Kingdom government office. The holder was senior to the Solicitor-General for Ireland, and advised the Crown on Irish legal matters...
and Law Lord (d.19321932 in Ireland-Events:*January 29 - Dáil Éireann is dissolved by the Governor-General, James McNeill. It brings ten years of Cumann na nGaedheal rule to an end.*March 7 - Dublin Corporation demands the return of the Hugh Lane pictures from the Tate Gallery in London....
).
Full date unknown
- Charlotte DespardCharlotte DespardCharlotte Despard was a British-born, later Irish-based suffragist, novelist and Sinn Féin activist....
, suffragist, novelNovelA novel is a book of long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novella. The latter supplied the present generic term in the late 18th century....
ist and Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
activist (d.19391939 in Ireland-Events:*January 11 - The INTO Congress in Galway calls on the government to abolish the ban on married women teachers.*February 12 - The Department of External Affairs announces that it recognises the government of General Francisco Franco....
). - James Rankin, lighthouse keeper in America (d.19211921 in Ireland-Events:*February 5 - In Brighton, England, the widow of Charles Stewart Parnell, Katherine Parnell, dies aged 76.*March 5 - Irish War of Independence: Clonbanin Ambush: Irish Republican Army kills Brigadier General Cumming....
). - Dr. Mark F. Ryan, nationalist and author (d.19401940 in Ireland-Events:*January - The Irish Naval Service acquires the first of its six Motor Torpedo Boats, M1.*January 17 - Enid of neutral Norway sailing from Steinkjer to Dublin, 10 miles north of Shetland, goes to assist SS Polzella which had been torpedoed by . U25 then shells and sinks Enid.*February 7 -...
). - Thomas WorkmanThomas WorkmanThomas Workman was an Irish entomologist and arachnologist who travelled widely collecting butterflies and studying spiders. He is best known for his book Malaysian Spiders, published in 1896, in which he described several new species....
, entomologist and arachnologist (d.19001900 in Ireland-Events:*January 16 — Three lion cubs reared by an Irish red setter go on view at Dublin Zoo.*January 17 — The different sections of the Nationalist Party meet in the Dublin Mansion House's Oak Room to promote national unity....
).
Deaths
- 8 January - William Warren BaldwinWilliam Warren BaldwinWilliam Warren Baldwin was a doctor, businessman, lawyer, judge, architect and political figure in Upper Canada....
, doctor, businessman, lawyer, judge, architect and political figure in Upper CanadaUpper CanadaThe Province of Upper Canada was a political division in British Canada established in 1791 by the British Empire to govern the central third of the lands in British North America and to accommodate Loyalist refugees from the United States of America after the American Revolution...
(b.17751775 in Ireland-Events:*Henry Flood accepts a seat on the Privy Council of Ireland and becomes vice-treasurer.*Henry Grattan enters the Irish Parliament and becomes leader of the "patriot party".-Births:*3 March - Henry Prittie, 2nd Baron Dunalley, politician ....
). - 10 January - Hudson LoweHudson LoweSir Hudson Lowe KCB, GCMG was an Anglo-Irish soldier and colonial administrator who is best known for his time as Governor of St Helena where he was the "gaoler" of Napoleon Bonaparte.-Early life and career:...
, British military leader (b.17691769 in Ireland-Births:*1 May - Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, soldier and statesman .*May - Nicholas Tuite MacCarthy, Jesuit preacher ....
). - 13 January - Alexander PorterAlexander PorterAlexander Porter was a United States Senator from Louisiana. Born in County Donegal, Ireland, he immigrated to the United States in 1801 with an uncle, who settled in Nashville, Tennessee...
, United States Senator for LouisianaLouisianaLouisiana is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are local governments equivalent to counties...
(b.17851785 in Ireland-Events:* Richard Crosbie successfully flies in a hot air balloon from Ranelagh Gardens to Clontarf.-Births:*24 June – Alexander Porter, United States Senator for Louisiana ....
). - 20 February - Edward KernanEdward KernanThe Most Reverend Dr Edward Kernan was a priest in the Diocese of Clogher ordained in 1795. He was appointed the Coadjutor Bishop of the Diocese of Clogher on 18 August 1816 and was ordained on 12 April 1818. He became bishop of the diocese on 19 November 1824, following the death of his...
, Bishop of ClogherBishop of ClogherThe Bishop of Clogher is an episcopal title which takes its name after the village of Clogher in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. Following the Reformation, there are now parallel apostolic successions: one of the Church of Ireland and the other of the Roman Catholic Church.-History:Clogher is one...
, 1824-1844 (b.17711771 in Ireland-Events:* William James of Bailieborough emigrated to the U.S., made a great fortune in Albany, New York and was the father of Henry James Sr.-Births:*Edward Kernan, Bishop of Clogher, 1824-1844 ....
). - 26 August - John Keane, 1st Baron KeaneJohn Keane, 1st Baron KeaneJohn Keane, 1st Baron Keane, GCB, GCH was a British soldier.Keane was born in Belmont, Ireland, the second son of Sir John Keane, 1st Baronet. He joined the British Army as an Ensign at age 11 in 1792. He rose the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the 60th Foot and commanded a brigade in the...
, British ArmyBritish ArmyThe British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
Lieutenant-General (b.17811781 in Ireland-Births:*6 February - John Keane, 1st Baron Keane, British Army Lieutenant-General .-Deaths:*26 September - Andrew Lewis, pioneer and surveyor, soldier from Virginia ....
). - 29 August - Edmund Ignatius RiceEdmund Ignatius RiceBlessed Edmund Ignatius Rice , was a Roman Catholic missionary and educationalist. Edmund was the founder of two orders of religious brothers: the Congregation of Christian Brothers and the Presentation Brothers....
, Roman Catholic missionary and educationalist, founder of the Congregation of Christian BrothersCongregation of Christian BrothersThe Congregation of Christian Brothers is a worldwide religious community within the Catholic Church, founded by Blessed Edmund Rice. The Christian Brothers, as they are commonly known, chiefly work for the evangelisation and education of youth, but are involved in many ministries, especially with...
and the Presentation BrothersPresentation BrothersThe Congregation of Presentation Brothers is an international Catholic congregation of laymen founded in 1802 in Waterford, Ireland, by a local businessman, Edmund Ignatius Rice, now Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice....
(b.17621762 in Ireland-Births:*1 June - Edmund Ignatius Rice, Roman Catholic missionary and educationalist, founder of the Congregation of Christian Brothers and the Presentation Brothers .-Full date unknown:*Michael Kelly, actor, singer and composer ....
).