1814 in France
Encyclopedia
See also:
1813 in France
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other events of 1814,
1815 in France
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Events from the year 1814 in France
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1813 in France
1813 in France
See also:1812 in France,other events of 1813,1814 in France.----Events from the year 1813 in France.-Events:*2 May - Battle of Lützen, French victory over a combined Prussian and Russian force....
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other events of 1814,
1815 in France
1815 in France
See also:1814 in France,other events of 1815,1816 in France.----Events from the year 1815 in France.-Events:*3 January - Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussia and Russia....
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Events from the year 1814 in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
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Events
- 26 January - First Battle of St-DizierBattle of St-DizierThe first Battle of St-Dizier was fought on January 26, 1814, and resulted the victory of French under Napoleon Bonaparte against Russians under General Lanskoy...
, French victory over Russian forces. - 29 January - Battle of BrienneBattle of BrienneThe Battle of Brienne was fought on January 29, 1814, and resulted in the victory of Emperor Napoleon I's French forces over the Russian and Prussian forces commanded by the Prussian Generalfeldmarschall Prince von Blücher....
, French victory over PrussiaPrussiaPrussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
n and Russian forces. - 1 February - Battle of La RothièreBattle of La RothiereThe Battle of La Rothière was fought on 1 February 1814 between the French Empire and allied army of Austria, Prussia, Russia, and German States previously allies with France. The French were led by Emperor Napoleon and the coalition army was under the command of Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher...
, Prussian victory over French forces. - 10 February - Battle of ChampaubertBattle of ChampaubertThe Battle of Champaubert was the opening engagement of the Six Days Campaign. It was fought on February 10, 1814 by a French force under Napoleon I against Russians and Prussians under General Olssufiev...
, decisive French victory over Prussia/Russia. - 11 February - Battle of MontmirailBattle of MontmirailThe Battle of Montmirail was a battle fought near Montmirail, France, during the Six Days Campaign of the Napoleonic Wars. It was fought on February 11, 1814, and resulted in the victory of the French under Emperor Napoleon I over the Russians under General Fabian Wilhelm von Osten-Sacken and the...
, French victory. - 12 February - Battle of Château-ThierryBattle of Château-Thierry (1814)The Battle of Château-Thierry occurred on 12 February 1814 between a Prussian army under Marshal von Blücher and the French under Emperor Napoleon I...
, French victory against Prussian forces. - 14 February - Battle of VauchampsBattle of VauchampsThe Battle of Vauchamps, the final major engagement of the Six Days Campaign of the War of the Sixth Coalition, was fought on 14 February 1814...
, French victory. - 17 February - Battle of MormansBattle of MormansThe Battle of Mormans was fought on 17 February 1814 and resulted in the victory of the French under Napoleon Bonaparte against the Russians and Württembergers under Count Petr Alekseevich Pahlen....
, French victory. - 18 February - Battle of MontereauBattle of MontereauThe Battle of Montereau was fought near Montereau-Fault-Yonne on 18 February 1814 and resulted in the victory of the French under Napoleon Bonaparte against the Austrians and the Württembergers under the King of Württemberg.- Background :...
, French victory over Austrian forces. - 27 February - Battle of Bar-sur-AubeBattle of Bar-sur-AubeThe Battle of Bar-sur-Aube was fought on February 27, 1814, between the First French Empire and the Austrian Empire. The French were led by Nicolas Oudinot, while the Austrians and their Bavarian allies, forming the Army of Bohemia, were led by Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg...
, Austrian victory. - 27 February - Peninsular WarPeninsular WarThe Peninsular War was a war between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war began when French and Spanish armies crossed Spain and invaded Portugal in 1807. Then, in 1808, France turned on its...
: Battle of OrthezBattle of OrthezThe Battle of Orthez saw the Anglo-Portuguese Army under Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington defeat a French army led by Marshal Nicolas Soult in southern France near the end of the Peninsular War.-Preliminaries:...
, Anglo-Portuguese victory over French forces. - 7 March - Battle of CraonneBattle of CraonneThe Battle of Craonne was fought on March 7, 1814, and resulted in a French victory under Napoleon I against Russians and Prussians under General Blücher.Craonne is a village on the Chemin des Dames, in the département of Aisne....
, French victory. - 9 March-10 March - Battle of LaonBattle of LaonThe Battle of Laon was the victory of Blücher's Prussian army over Napoleon's French army near Laon.-Prelude:An Allied coalition attempted to complete the destruction of Napoleon's French Empire in 1814. France had been defeated in Russia in 1812 and in Central Europe in 1813...
, French defeat. - 10 March - Napoleon rejects the proposed Treaty of ChaumontTreaty of ChaumontThe Treaty of Chaumont was a rejected cease-fire offered by the Allies of the Sixth Coalition to Napoleon Bonaparte in 1814.Following discussions in late February 1814, representatives of Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain reconvened a meeting at Chaumont, Haute-Marne on 1 March 1814...
. - 12 March - Louis-Antoine, Duke of AngoulêmeLouis-Antoine, Duke of AngoulemeLouis Antoine of France, Duke of Angoulême was the eldest son of Charles X of France and, from 1824 to 1836, the last Dauphin of France...
enters BordeauxBordeauxBordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
, marking the restoration of the Bourbon dynasty. - 19 March - Battle of ReimsBattle of Reims (1814)The Battle of Reims was fought at Reims on 13 March 1814 between the French Empire and a Russian-Prussian force. The French, led by Napoleon Bonaparte, were victorious.- Background :...
, French victory. - 20 March-21 March - Battle of Arcis-sur-AubeBattle of Arcis-sur-AubeThe Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube was Napoleon’s penultimate battle before his abdication and exile to Elba...
, Austrian victory over French forces. - 25 March - Battle of La Fère-Champenoise, Prussian victory.
- 26 March - Second Battle of St-DizierBattle of St-DizierThe first Battle of St-Dizier was fought on January 26, 1814, and resulted the victory of French under Napoleon Bonaparte against Russians under General Lanskoy...
, French victory over Russian forces. - 30 March - Battle of MontmartreBattle of MontmartreThe Battle of Montmartre was fought on March 30, 1814, between Allied forces and the forces of Napoleon's French Empire. The Allies were victorious, entering Paris, and as a result, Napoleon was soon forced to abdicate.- Background :...
, Austrian/Prussian victory. - 30 March-31 March - Battle of ParisBattle of Paris (1814)The Battle of Paris was fought during the Napoleonic Wars in 1814. The French defeat led directly to the abdication of Napoleon I.-Background:...
, decisive victory for Austria/Russia/Prussia. - 31 March - Paris is occupied by Austrian and Prussian forces.
- 6 April - NapoleonNapoleon I of FranceNapoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
abdicates. Louis XVIII of FranceLouis XVIII of FranceLouis XVIII , known as "the Unavoidable", was King of France and of Navarre from 1814 to 1824, omitting the Hundred Days in 1815...
accedes to the throne. - 10 April - Peninsular War: Battle of ToulouseBattle of Toulouse (1814)The Battle of Toulouse was one of the final battles of the Napoleonic Wars, four days after Napoleon's surrender of the French Empire to the nations of the Sixth Coalition...
, indecisive. - 11 April - Treaty of FontainebleauTreaty of Fontainebleau (1814)The Treaty of Fontainebleau was an agreement established in Fontainebleau on 11 April 1814 between Napoleon Bonaparte and representatives from Austria, Hungary and Bohemia , as well as Russia and Prussia. The treaty was signed at Paris on 11 April by the plenipotentiaries of both sides, and...
, Napoleon is stripped of his powers as ruler of the French EmpireFirst French EmpireThe First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
. - 30 May - Treaty of ParisTreaty of Paris (1814)The Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 May 1814, ended the war between France and the Sixth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars, following an armistice signed on 23 May between Charles, Count of Artois, and the allies...
, ends the war between France and the Sixth Coalition and Napoleon I of FranceNapoleon I of FranceNapoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
is exiled to ElbaElbaElba is a Mediterranean island in Tuscany, Italy, from the coastal town of Piombino. The largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago, Elba is also part of the National Park of the Tuscan Archipelago and the third largest island in Italy after Sicily and Sardinia...
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January to March
- 6 January - Hyacinthe de ValrogerHyacinthe de ValrogerHyacinthe de Valroger was a French Roman Catholic priest and Oratorian. He first studied medicine, and was later ordained priest , and made director of the lesser seminary of Bayeux. In 1847 he became titular canon of Bayeux Cathedral...
, Roman Catholic priest and Oratorian (d.18761876 in FranceSee also:1875 in France,other events of 1876,1877 in France.----Events from the year 1876 in France.-Events:*20 February - Legislative Election held.*5 March - Legislative Election held.-Births:...
). - 15 January - Pierre-Jules HetzelPierre-Jules HetzelPierre-Jules Hetzel was a French editor and publisher. He is best known for his extraordinarily lavishly illustrated editions of Jules Verne's novels highly prized by collectors today...
, editor and publisher (d.18861886 in FranceSee also:1885 in France,other events of 1886,1887 in France.----Events from the year 1886 in France.-Arts and literature:*30 November - Folies Bergère stages its first revue....
). - 17 January - Hippolyte LucasHippolyte LucasPierre-Hippolyte Lucas was a French entomologist.Lucas was an assistant-naturalist at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. From 1839 to 1842 he studied fauna as part of the scientific Commission on the exploration of Algeria.His brother was Prosper Lucas.-Works:*Histoire naturelle des...
, entomologist (d.18991899 in FranceSee also:1898 in France,other events of 1899,1900 in France.----Events from the year 1899 in France.-Events:*16 April - Battle of Lougou, French victory in Niger....
). - 27 January - Eugène Viollet-le-DucEugène Viollet-le-DucEugène Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc was a French architect and theorist, famous for his interpretive "restorations" of medieval buildings. Born in Paris, he was a major Gothic Revival architect.-Early years:...
, architectArchitectAn architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
and theorist (d.18791879 in FranceSee also:1878 in France,other events of 1879,1880 in France.----Events from the year 1879 in France.-Events:*1 June - Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial , great-nephew of Napoléon Bonaparte, Bonapartist Pretender to the throne, died in Africa during the Anglo-Zulu War.*Ferdinand Cheval begins to...
). - 30 January - Jules LequierJules LequierJules Lequier was a French philosopher from Brittany. He wrote in favour of dynamic divine omniscience, wherein God's knowledge of the future is one of possibilities rather than actualities...
, philosopher (d.18621862 in FranceSee also:1861 in France,other events of 1862,1863 in France.----Events from the year 1862 in France.-Events:*6 January - French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico, beginning the French intervention in Mexico....
). - 6 February - Auguste ChapdelaineAuguste ChapdelaineFather Auguste Chapdelaine was a French Christian missionary of the Paris Foreign Missions Society.-Biography:He was born in La Rochelle-Normande, France...
, ChristianChristianityChristianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
missionaryMissionaryA missionary is a member of a religious group sent into an area to do evangelism or ministries of service, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care and economic development. The word "mission" originates from 1598 when the Jesuits sent members abroad, derived from the Latin...
to China (d.18561856 in FranceSee also:1855 in France,other events of 1856,1857 in France.----Events from the year 1856 in France.-Events:*30 March - Treaty of Paris is signed by Russia and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the Kingdom of Sardinia, France, and the United Kingdom, settling the Crimean War.-Births:*1 February -...
). - 26 February - Charles Joseph Sainte-Claire DevilleCharles Joseph Sainte-Claire DevilleCharles Joseph Sainte-Claire Deville was a geologist and meteorologist.Born in St Thomas he was the brother of Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville....
, geologistGeologistA geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it. Geologists usually engage in studying geology. Geologists, studying more of an applied science than a theoretical one, must approach Geology using...
and meteorologist (d.18761876 in FranceSee also:1875 in France,other events of 1876,1877 in France.----Events from the year 1876 in France.-Events:*20 February - Legislative Election held.*5 March - Legislative Election held.-Births:...
). - 28 February - Edmond FrémyEdmond FremyEdmond Frémy was a French chemist. He is perhaps best known today for Frémy's salt, a strong oxidizing agent which he discovered in 1845...
, chemistChemistA chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...
(d.18941894 in FranceSee also:1893 in France,other events of 1894,1895 in France.----Events from the year 1894 in France.-Events:* 15 February - 04:51 GMT, French anarchist Martial Bourdin attempts to destroy the Royal Greenwich Observatory, London, England with a bomb.* 14 May - Meteor shower in Southern France.* 22...
).
April to June
- 19 April - Louis Amédée AchardLouis Amédée AchardLouis Amédée Eugène Achard was a prolific French novelist.After a short stay near Algiers, where he supervised a farm, he went to Toulouse, and then Marseille, where he became a journalist and wrote for the Sémaphore.He moved to Paris, where he wrote for the Vert-Vert, the Entracte, the Charivari,...
, novelist (d.18751875 in FranceSee also:1874 in France,other events of 1875,1876 in France.----Events from the year 1875 in France.-Arts and literature:*3 March - The first performance of Bizet’s Carmen at the Opéra Comique, Paris.-Births:...
). - 1 May - Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne, Jew who became a Jesuit Catholic priestPriesthood (Catholic Church)The ministerial orders of the Catholic Church include the orders of bishops, deacons and presbyters, which in Latin is sacerdos. The ordained priesthood and common priesthood are different in function and essence....
and missionaryMissionaryA missionary is a member of a religious group sent into an area to do evangelism or ministries of service, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care and economic development. The word "mission" originates from 1598 when the Jesuits sent members abroad, derived from the Latin...
(d.18841884 in FranceSee also:1883 in France,other events of 1884,1885 in France.----Events from the year 1884 in France.-Events:*June - At Bac Le, Chinese forces attack a French column sent to occupy Tonkin in accordance with earlier treaties, starting the Sino-French War.*6 June - Treaty of Hué is signed between...
). - 14 May - Siméon-François BerneuxSiméon-François BerneuxSiméon-François Berneux was a French Catholic missionary, and a member of the Paris Foreign Missions Society who was canonized as a saint....
, Roman Catholic missionary killed in KoreaKoreaKorea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the...
(d.18661866 in FranceSee also:1865 in France,other events of 1866,1867 in France.----Events from the year 1866 in France.-Events:*31 May - Napoleon III announces the withdrawal of French forces in the French intervention in Mexico.*26 July - French evacuate Monterrey....
). - 15 May - Antoine ChintreuilAntoine ChintreuilAntoine Chintreuil was a French landscape painter.He was born in Pont-de-Vaux, Ain and grew up in Bresse. In 1838 he moved to Paris, where he began studying under Paul Delaroche in 1842. The following year he met Corot, who influenced him profoundly by encouraging him to paint landscape en plein...
, painter (d.18731873 in FranceSee also:1872 in France,other events of 1873,1874 in France.----Events from the year 1873 in France.-Events:*16 September - German troops leave France upon completion of payment of indemnity for Franco-Prussian War....
). - 21 May - Louis JanmotLouis JanmotAnne-François-Louis Janmot was a French painter and poet.-Early years:Janmot was born in Lyon of Catholic parents who were deeply religious. He was extremely moved by the death of his brother in 1823 and his sister's in 1829...
, painter and poet (d.18921892 in FranceSee also:1891 in France,other events of 1892,1893 in France.----Events from the year 1892 in France.-Events:*12 July - A hidden lake bursts out of a glacier on the side of Mont Blanc, flooding the valley below and killing around 200 villagers and holidaymakers in Saint-Gervais-les-Bains.*8 November...
). - 22 May - Joseph-Louis LambotJoseph-Louis LambotJoseph-Louis Lambot , is the inventor of ferro-cement, which led to the development of what is now known as reinforced concrete...
, inventor of ferro-cementFerrocementThe term ferrocement is most commonly applied to a mixture of Portland cement and sand reinforced with layers of woven or expanded steel mesh and closely spaced small-diameter steel rods rebar. It can be used to form relatively thin, compound curved sheets to make hulls for boats, shell roofs,...
(d.18871887 in FranceSee also:1886 in France,other events of 1887,1888 in France.----Events from the year 1887 in France.-Events:*11 January - Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the French Academy of Medicine by Dr...
). - 1 June - François PonsardFrançois PonsardFrançois Ponsard , was a French dramatist, poet and author and was a member of the Académie française.-Literary career:...
, dramatist (d.18671867 in FranceSee also:1866 in France,other events of 1867,1868 in France.----Events from the year 1867 in France.-Events:*13 January - French Military Mission arrives in Yokohama, Japan.*7 June - Adolphe Dugléré prepares the Three Emperors Dinner...
). - 3 June - Louis Alfred BecquerelLouis Alfred BecquerelLouis Alfred Becquerel was a French physicist and medical researcher.Becquerel was born in Paris. He was the oldest son of Antoine César Becquerel, and brother of Alexandre Edmond Becquerel.Becquerel died in Paris.-Selected works:...
, physicistPhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
and medical researcher (d.18621862 in FranceSee also:1861 in France,other events of 1862,1863 in France.----Events from the year 1862 in France.-Events:*6 January - French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico, beginning the French intervention in Mexico....
). - 5 June - Pierre WantzelPierre WantzelPierre Laurent Wantzel was a French mathematician who proved that several ancient geometric problems were impossible to solve using only compass and straightedge....
, mathematicianMathematicianA mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....
(d.18481848 in FranceSee also:1847 in France,other events of 1848,1849 in France.----Events from the year 1848 in France.-Events:*22 February - In Paris, revolt erupts against the king Louis Philippe...
). - 25 June - Gabriel Auguste DaubréeGabriel Auguste DaubréeGabriel Auguste Daubrée was a French geologist.Daubrée was born at Metz, and educated at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris...
, geologistGeologistA geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it. Geologists usually engage in studying geology. Geologists, studying more of an applied science than a theoretical one, must approach Geology using...
(d.18961896 in FranceSee also:1895 in France,other events of 1896,1897 in France.----Events from the year 1897 in France.-January to June:*4 January - André Masson, artist .*19 February - André Breton, writer, poet, and surrealist theorist ....
).
July to September
- 8 September - Charles Étienne Brasseur de BourbourgCharles Etienne Brasseur de BourbourgAbbé Charles-Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg was a noted French writer, ethnographer, historian and archaeologist...
, writer, ethnographer, historian and archaeologist (d.18741874 in FranceSee also:1873 in France,other events of 1874,1875 in France.----Events from the year 1874 in France.-Arts and literature:*23 January - Camille Saint-Saëns' composition Danse Macabre is premiered....
). - 16 September - Émile SaissetÉmile SaissetÉmile Edmond Saisset was a French philosopher.He was born at Montpellier. He studied philosophy at the École Normale Supérieure, and carried on the eclectic tradition of his master along with Ravaisson and Jules Simon...
, philosopher (d.18631863 in FranceSee also:1862 in France,other events of 1863,1864 in France.----Events from the year 1863 in France.-Events:*15 January - French forces bombard Veracruz, during the French intervention in Mexico.*16 March - French siege of Puebla begins....
). - 17 September - Pierre Edmond Teisserenc de BortPierre Edmond Teisserenc de BortPierre Edmond Teisserenc de Bort , was a French writer and politician.He entered the civil service after the completion of his education at the École Polytechnique...
, writer and politician (d.18921892 in FranceSee also:1891 in France,other events of 1892,1893 in France.----Events from the year 1892 in France.-Events:*12 July - A hidden lake bursts out of a glacier on the side of Mont Blanc, flooding the valley below and killing around 200 villagers and holidaymakers in Saint-Gervais-les-Bains.*8 November...
). - 22 September - Auguste Jean François GrenierAuguste Jean François GrenierAuguste Jean François Grenier was a French doctor and entomologist. He studied at Rouen, then at Paris where he qualified as a doctor in 1842. He was devoted to entomology only between 1857 and 1859...
, doctorPhysicianA physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
and entomologist (d.18901890 in FranceSee also:1889 in France,other events of 1890,1891 in France.----Events from the year 1890 in France.-Events:*2 January - Steamship Persia wrecked off Corsica: 130 lives lost.*21 February - First Franco-Dahomean War begins....
). - 23 September - Henri de CastellaneHenri de CastellaneHenri Charles Louis Boniface, marquis de Castellane was a French politician and nobleman. He was the eldest son of marshal Boniface de Castellane and married Pauline de Talleyrand-Périgord, bringing the château de Rochecotte into the Castellane family...
, politician and nobleman (d.18471847 in FranceSee also:1846 in France,other events of 1847,1848 in France.----Events from the year 1847 in France.-Events:*15 April - French vessels dispatched by Admiral Cécille bombarded Đà Nẵng in response to the persecution of Roman Catholic missionaries.*21 December - Abd al-Kader surrenders and is...
).
October to December
- 3 October - Hervé FayeHervé FayeHervé Auguste Étienne Albans Faye was a French astronomer, born at Saint-Benoît-du-Sault and educated at the Ecole Polytechnique, which he left in 1834, before completing his course, to accept a position in the Paris Observatory to which he had been appointed on the recommendation of M. Arago.He...
, astronomerAstronomerAn astronomer is a scientist who studies celestial bodies such as planets, stars and galaxies.Historically, astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky, while astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena and the differences between them using...
(d.19021902 in FranceSee also:1901 in France,other events of 1902,1903 in France.----Events from the year 1902 in France.-Events:*13 April - A new car speed record of 74 mph is set in Nice, by Leon Serpollet.*27 April - Legislative Election held....
). - 4 October - Jean-François MilletJean-François MilletJean-François Millet was a French painter and one of the founders of the Barbizon school in rural France...
, painter (d.18751875 in FranceSee also:1874 in France,other events of 1875,1876 in France.----Events from the year 1875 in France.-Arts and literature:*3 March - The first performance of Bizet’s Carmen at the Opéra Comique, Paris.-Births:...
). - 11 October - Jean-Baptiste Lamy, first Archbishop of Santa FeRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa FeThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa Fe is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the southwestern region of the United States in the state of New Mexico. While the motherchurch, the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi, is in the City of Santa Fe, its administrative center is in...
(d.18881888 in FranceSee also:1887 in France,other events of 1888,1889 in France.----Events from the year 1888 in France.-Events:*14 October - Louis Le Prince films the first motion picture: Roundhay Garden Scene in Roundhay, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK...
). - 13 October - Jules Etienne Joseph QuicheratJules Etienne Joseph QuicheratJules Etienne Joseph Quicherat was a French historian and archaeologist.His father, a working cabinet-maker, came from Paray-le-Monial to Paris to support his large family; Quicherat was born there. He was fifteen years younger than his brother Louis, a great Latin scholar and lexicographer, who...
, historianHistoryHistory is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians...
and archaeologistArchaeologyArchaeology, or archeology , is the study of human society, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes...
(d.18821882 in FranceSee also:1881 in France,other events of 1882,1883 in France.----Events from the year 1882 in France.-Events:*28 March - Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical and obligatory....
). - 25 October - Louis, Duke of NemoursLouis, Duke of NemoursPrince Louis of Orléans was the second son of the future King Louis-Philippe I of France, and his wife Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily. Under the reign of his father from 1830–1848, he was styled as Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours.-Childhood:He was born at the Palais Royal, in Paris...
, second son of King Louis-Philippe of FranceLouis-Philippe of FranceLouis Philippe I was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the July Monarchy. His father was a duke who supported the French Revolution but was nevertheless guillotined. Louis Philippe fled France as a young man and spent 21 years in exile, including considerable time in the...
(d.18961896 in FranceSee also:1895 in France,other events of 1896,1897 in France.----Events from the year 1897 in France.-January to June:*4 January - André Masson, artist .*19 February - André Breton, writer, poet, and surrealist theorist ....
). - 5 November - Alfred de BougyAlfred de BougyAlfred James Louis Joseph de Bougy , French poet and author, was born in Grenoble. He died in Évian-les-Bains.-Works:* Histoire de la Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Paris: Comon, 1847...
, poet and author (d.18741874 in FranceSee also:1873 in France,other events of 1874,1875 in France.----Events from the year 1874 in France.-Arts and literature:*23 January - Camille Saint-Saëns' composition Danse Macabre is premiered....
). - 17 November - François-Louis FrançaisFrançois-Louis FrançaisFrançois Louis Français , French painter, was born at Plombières-les-bains , and, on attaining the age of fifteen, was placed as office-boy with a bookseller....
, painter (d.18971897 in FranceSee also:1896 in France,other events of 1897,1898 in France.----Events from the year 1897 in France.-Events:*9 December - First issue of the feminist newspaper La Fronde is published by Marguerite Durand.-Arts and literature:...
). - 30 November - Eugène RouherEugène RouherEugène Rouher was a French statesman of the Second Empire.He was born at Riom , where he practised law after taking his degree in Paris in 1835. In 1846 he sought election to the Chamber of Deputies as an official candidate of the Guizot ministry...
, statesman (d.18841884 in FranceSee also:1883 in France,other events of 1884,1885 in France.----Events from the year 1884 in France.-Events:*June - At Bac Le, Chinese forces attack a French column sent to occupy Tonkin in accordance with earlier treaties, starting the Sino-French War.*6 June - Treaty of Hué is signed between...
).
Full date unknown
- Louis-Auguste BissonLouis-Auguste BissonLouis-Auguste Bisson was a 19th-century French photographer.Bisson opened a photographic studio in early 1841. Soon after, his brother Auguste-Rosalie Bisson entered into partnership with him. Their studio was in the La Madeleine in Paris, and they became famous as the Bisson Brothers.In 1860...
, photographer (d.18761876 in FranceSee also:1875 in France,other events of 1876,1877 in France.----Events from the year 1876 in France.-Events:*20 February - Legislative Election held.*5 March - Legislative Election held.-Births:...
). - Pierre BossanPierre BossanPierre-Marie Bossan was a French historicist architect, a pupil of Henri Labrouste, specialising in ecclesiastical architecture. In 1844 he was appointed architect to the diocese of Lyon, where his major work was the neo-Byzantine basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière , on a height dominating Lyon...
, architect (d.18881888 in FranceSee also:1887 in France,other events of 1888,1889 in France.----Events from the year 1888 in France.-Events:*14 October - Louis Le Prince films the first motion picture: Roundhay Garden Scene in Roundhay, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK...
).
January to June
- 14 January - Charles BossutCharles BossutCharles Bossut was a French mathematician and confrère of the Encyclopaedists. He was born at Tartaras, Loire, and died in Paris.His works include...
, mathematicianMathematicianA mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....
(b.1730). - 21 January - Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-PierreJacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-PierreJacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre was a French writer and botanist...
, writer and botanist (b.1737). - 30 January - Stephen RochefontaineStephen RochefontaineStephen Rochefontaine was a French-born military engineer who served as such in the Continental Army, during the American Revolutionary War, and later as the Chief of Engineers of the United States Army Corps of Engineers...
, military engineer in the Continental ArmyContinental ArmyThe Continental Army was formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America. Established by a resolution of the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775, it was created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in...
in America (b.1755). - 2 February - Jean-Nicolas DémeunierJean-Nicolas DémeunierJean-Nicolas Démeunier was a French author and politician.He was Royal Censor and secretary to "Monsieur", the Comte de Provence , who was the brother of King Louis XVI....
, author and politician (b.1751). - 27 February - Julien Louis GeoffroyJulien Louis GeoffroyJulien Louis Geoffroy was a French literary critic.He was born at Rennes, and educated there and at the Collège Louis le Grand in Paris. He took orders and for some time was a mere usher, eventually becoming professor of rhetoric at the Collège des Quatre-Nations. His tragedy, Caton, was accepted...
, literary critic (b.1743). - 13 March - Louis François II de Bourbon, prince de ContiLouis François II de Bourbon, prince de ContiLouis François Joseph de Bourbon was Prince of Conti, succeeding his father Louis François de Bourbon. His mother was Louise Diane d'Orléans, the youngest daughter of Philippe d'Orléans, duc d'Orléans, the Regent of France during the minority of King Louis XV of France...
, aristocrat (b.1734). - 26 March - Joseph-Ignace GuillotinJoseph-Ignace GuillotinDr. Joseph-Ignace Guillotin was a French physician who proposed on 10 October 1789 the use of a device to carry out death penalties in France. While he did not invent the guillotine, and in fact opposed the death penalty, his name became an eponym for it...
, physicianPhysicianA physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
who proposed the use of a mechanical device to carry out death penalties (b.1738). - 29 March - Claude MichelClaude MichelClaude Michel , known as Clodion, was a French sculptor in the Rococo style. He was born in Nancy. Here and probably in Lille he spent the earlier years of his life. In 1755 he came to Paris and entered the workshop of Lambert Sigisbert Adam, his maternal uncle, a clever sculptor...
, sculptor (b.1738). - 31 March - Pierre SonneratPierre SonneratPierre Sonnerat was a French naturalist and explorer.Sonnerat was the nephew of the botanist Pierre Poivre. He made several voyages to southeast Asia, visiting the Philippines and Moluccas between 1769 and 1772, and India and China from 1774 to 1781. He was the first person to give a scientific...
, naturalistNatural historyNatural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
and explorer (b.1748). - 25 April - Louis-Sébastien MercierLouis-Sébastien MercierLouis-Sébastien Mercier was a French dramatist and writer.-Early life and education:He was born in Paris to a humble family: his father was a skilled artisan who polished swords and metal arms. Mercier nevertheless received a decent education.-Literary career:Mercier began his literary career by...
, dramatist and writer (b.1740). - 29 May - Joséphine de BeauharnaisJoséphine de BeauharnaisJoséphine de Beauharnais was the first wife of Napoléon Bonaparte, and thus the first Empress of the French. Her first husband Alexandre de Beauharnais had been guillotined during the Reign of Terror, and she had been imprisoned in the Carmes prison until her release five days after Alexandre's...
, first wife of Napoleon I of FranceNapoleon I of FranceNapoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
and thus the first Empress of the FrenchFirst French EmpireThe First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
(b.1763). - 28 June - Edmond Louis Alexis Dubois-CrancéEdmond Louis Alexis Dubois-CrancéEdmond Louis Alexis Dubois-Crancé was a French soldier and politician.-National and Constituent Assemblies:Born in Charleville, Ardennes, he was at first a musketeer, then a lieutenant of the Marchaux , and embraced Liberalism...
, soldier and politician (b.1747).
July to December
- 5 July - Jean Baptiste Le Sueur FontaineJean Baptiste Le Sueur FontaineJean Baptiste Fontaine, née Le Sueur, , was a French actor and theatre director. He was director of the theatre in Cap-Haïtien and an actor and newspaper editor in New Orleans. He was known under his stage name Fontaine.Born in Paris, he moved to Saint Domingue before 1775, where he was employed at...
, actor and theatre director (b.1745). - 7 September - Pierre Victor, baron MalouetPierre Victor, baron MalouetPierre Victor, baron Malouet , a French publicist and politician, was born at Riom .-Life:...
, publicist and politician (b.1740). - 13 September - Louis-François BertinLouis-François BertinLouis-François Bertin, also known as Bertin l'Aîné was a French journalist...
, journalist (b.1766). - 17 September - Jacques Bernard d'AnselmeJacques Bernard d'AnselmeJacques Bernard d'Anselme was a French general, notable as the first commander of the Army of the Var. He became a knight of Saint Louis on 18 April 1770...
, General (b.1740). - 1 October - Guillaume-Antoine OlivierGuillaume-Antoine OlivierGuillaume-Antoine Olivier was a French entomologist.He was the author of Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des Insectes and Le Voyage dans l'Empire Othoman, l'Égypte et la Perse . He was a close friend of Johan Christian Fabricius and a patron of Pierre André Latreille.-References:...
, entomologist (b.1756). - 30 November - Jean-Michel Moreau le JeuneJean-Michel Moreau le JeuneJean-Michel Moreau , also called Moreau le Jeune , was a French draughtsman, illustrator and engraver.Moreau le Jeune, as he is usually called, was born in Paris...
, draughtsman, illustrator and engraver (b.1741). - 2 December - Marquis de SadeMarquis de SadeDonatien Alphonse François, Marquis de Sade was a French aristocrat, revolutionary politician, philosopher, and writer famous for his libertine sexuality and lifestyle...
, aristocrat, revolutionaryRevolutionaryA revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.-Definition:...
and writer of philosophyPhilosophyPhilosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
-laden and often violent pornographyPornographyPornography or porn is the explicit portrayal of sexual subject matter for the purposes of sexual arousal and erotic satisfaction.Pornography may use any of a variety of media, ranging from books, magazines, postcards, photos, sculpture, drawing, painting, animation, sound recording, film, video,...
(b.1740). - 11 December - Marie-Louise O'MurphyMarie-Louise O'MurphyMarie-Louise O'Murphy de Boisfaily was one of the younger mistresses of King Louis XV of France. Her original surname is also given in sources as Murphy, Morphy, or O'Morphy, and she is sometimes referred to as "La Morphise" or "La Belle Morphise"...
, child-courtesanCourtesanA courtesan was originally a female courtier, which means a person who attends the court of a monarch or other powerful person.In feudal society, the court was the centre of government as well as the residence of the monarch, and social and political life were often completely mixed together...
, one of the several mistressesMistress (lover)A mistress is a long-term female lover and companion who is not married to her partner; the term is used especially when her partner is married. The relationship generally is stable and at least semi-permanent; however, the couple does not live together openly. Also the relationship is usually,...
of King Louis XV of FranceLouis XV of FranceLouis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723...
(b.1737).
Full date unknown
- Abbé AubertAbbé AubertJean-Louis Aubert , called the Abbé Aubert, was a French dramatist, poet and journalist, son of the violinist and composer Jacques Aubert . Aubert was educated at the Collège de Navarre and entered the order. In 1741, Aubert entered the editorial staff of the , where he was literary critic...
, dramatist, poet and journalist (b.1731). - Pierre PattePierre PattePierre Patte was a French architect who was the assistant of the great French teacher of architecture, Jacques-François Blondel, whose Cours d'architecture which ran to nine volumes by 1777, he saw through the press after Blondel's death in 1774....
, architect (b.1723). - Jean-François Pierre PeyronJean-François Pierre PeyronJean-François Pierre Peyron, full name of Pierre Peyron was a French neoclassical painter.-Biography:In his native city of Aix he studied art under Claude Arnulphy...
, painter (b.1744). - Jean Baptiste Louis George Seroux D'AgincourtJean Baptiste Louis George Seroux D'AgincourtJean Baptiste Louis George Seroux D'Agincourt was a French archaeologist and historian.Born at Beauvais, he was a descendant of the counts of Namur, and in his youth served as an officer in a regiment of cavalry...
, archaeologist and historianHistorianA historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
(b.1730).