1809 in France
Encyclopedia
See also:
1808 in France
,
other events of 1809,
1810 in France
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Events from the year 1809 in France
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1808 in France
1808 in France
See also:1807 in France,other events of 1808,1809 in France.----Events from the year 1808 in France.-Events:*22 January - The Bragança Portuguese Royal Family arrives in Brazil, having fled the French army....
,
other events of 1809,
1810 in France
1810 in France
See also:1809 in France,other events of 1810,1811 in France.----Events from the year 1810 in France.-Events:*6 January - Treaty of Paris ends war between France and Sweden....
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Events from the year 1809 in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
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Events
- 13 January - Battle of UclésBattle of Ucles (1809)The Battle of Uclés was a minor skirmish during the Peninsular War that resulted in a French victory under Marshal Claude Victor-Perrin against the Spanish under General Francisco Javier Venegas....
, French victory over Spanish. - 16 January - Battle of CorunnaBattle of CorunnaThe Battle of Corunna refers to a battle of the Peninsular War. On January 16, 1809, a French army under Marshal Soult attacked the British under Sir John Moore...
, inconclusive battle between British and French forces. - 8 February - Franz I of Austria declares war on FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. - 20 February - Siege of SaragossaSiege of Saragossa (1809)The Second Siege of Saragossa was the French capture of the Spanish city of Zaragoza during the Peninsular War.It is particularly noted for its brutality.-Prelude:...
ends with French victory. - 25 February - Battle of VallsBattle of VallsThe Battle of Valls was fought on 25 February 1809, during the Peninsular War between a French force under Marshal Gouvion Saint-Cyr and a Spanish force under General Reding. Fought near the town of Valls in Catalonia Spain, the battle ended in a French victory...
, French victory over Spanish forces. - 17 March - Battle of VillafrancaBattle of Villafranca (1809)The Battle of Villafranca took place on March 17, 1809, during the French occupation of León in the Peninsular War. After a bloody four-hour siege the small and isolated French garrison at Villafranca surrendered to Spanish militia under Brigadier Mendizábal.-Background:In 1809 Spanish military...
, French garrison forced to surrender to Spanish. - 27 March - Battle of Ciudad-RealBattle of Ciudad-RealThe Battle of Ciudad-Real was fought on March 27, 1809, and resulted in a French victory under General Sebastiani against the Spanish under General Conde de Cartojal....
, French victory over Spanish forces. - 28 March - First Battle of PortoFirst Battle of PortoIn the First Battle of Porto the French under Marshal Soult defeated the Portuguese, under General Parreiras, and the British Army, outside the city of Porto during the Peninsular War...
, French victory over PortuguesePortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
forces. - 28 March - Battle of MedellínBattle of MedellínIn the Peninsular War, the Battle of Medellín was fought on March 28, 1809 and resulted in a victory of the French under Marshal Victor against the Spanish under General Don Gregorio Garcia de la Cuesta...
, decisive French victory over Spain. - 11 April - Battle of the Basque RoadsBattle of the Basque RoadsThe Battle of the Basque Roads, also Battle of Aix Roads was a naval battle during the Napoleonic Wars off the Island of Aix...
, naval battle, British attack on French fleet. - 16 April - Battle of SacileBattle of SacileThe Battle of Sacile on 16 April 1809 and its companion Clash at Pordenone on 15 April saw an Austrian army commanded by Archduke John of Austria defeat a Franco-Italian army led by Eugène de Beauharnais and force it to retreat. Sacile proved to be the most notable victory of John's career...
, Austrian victory over French forces. - 19 April - Battle of Teugen-HausenBattle of Teugen-HausenThe Battle of Teugen-Hausen or the Battle of Thann was fought on 19 April 1809 between the French III Corps led by Marshal Louis-Nicolas Davout and the Austrian III Armeekorps commanded by Prince Friedrich Franz Xaver of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. The French won a hard-fought victory over their...
, French victory over Austria. - 19 April - Battle of RatisbonBattle of RatisbonThe Battle of Ratisbon, also called the Battle of Regensburg, of the Napoleonic Wars was fought on the 23 April 1809 between the army of the First French Empire, led by Napoleon I, and that of the Austrian Empire, led by Archduke Charles...
begins. - 20 April - Battle of AbensbergBattle of AbensbergThe Battle of Abensberg took place on 20 April 1809, between a Franco-German force under the command of Emperor Napoleon I of France and a reinforced Austrian corps led by Feldmarschall-Leutnant Archduke Louis of Austria. As the day wore on, Feldmarschall-Leutnant Johann von Hiller arrived with...
, French victory over AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
. - 21 April - Battle of LandshutBattle of Landshut (1809)The Battle of Landshut took place on April 21, 1809, between the French, Württembergers and Bavarians under Napoleon which numbered about 77,000 strong, and 36,000 Austrians under the General Johann von Hiller...
, French victory over Austria. - 21 April - Battle of EckmühlBattle of EckmühlThe Battle of Eckmühl fought on 21 April – 22 April 1809, was the turning point of the 1809 Campaign, also known as the War of the Fifth Coalition...
begins. - 22 April - Battle of Eckmühl ends with victory for French over Austrian forces.
- 23 April - Battle of Ratisbon ends with French victory over Austria.
- 3 May - Battle of EbersbergBattle of EbersbergThe Battle of Ebelsberg, known in French accounts as the Battle of Ebersberg, was fought on 3 May 1809 during the War of the Fifth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars. The Austrian left wing under the command of Johann von Hiller took up positions at Ebersberg on the Traun river...
, French victory over Austria. - 6 May - Siege of GeronaSiege of Gerona (1809)The Siege of Gerona of May 6, 1809, sometimes called the Third Siege of Gerona or Girona , involved the French Grande Armée's seven-month struggle to conquer the Spanish garrison at Girona...
begins as French fight to capture the Spanish garrison. - 7 May - Battle of Piave RiverBattle of Piave River (1809)The Battle of Piave River was fought on 8 May 1809 between the Franco-Italian army under the command of Eugène de Beauharnais and an Austrian army led by Archduke John of Austria. The Austrian commander made a stand behind the Piave River but he suffered a defeat at the hands of his numerically...
begins. - 8 May - Battle of Piave River ends with victory for Franco-Italian forces over Austrian forces.
- 10 May - Battle of GrijóBattle of GrijoThe Battle of Grijó was a battle that ended up in victory for the Anglo-Portuguese Army commanded by Sir Arthur Wellesley over the French army commanded by Marshal Nicolas Soult during the second French invasion of Portugal in the Peninsular War...
begins. - 11 May - Battle of Grijó ends in Anglo-Portuguese victory over the French.
- 12 May - Second Battle of Porto, Anglo-Portuguese victory over French forces which retreat from the city.
- 21 May - Battle of Aspern-EsslingBattle of Aspern-EsslingIn the Battle of Aspern-Essling , Napoleon attempted a forced crossing of the Danube near Vienna, but the French and their allies were driven back by the Austrians under Archduke Charles...
begins as NapoleonNapoleon I of FranceNapoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
attempts a forced crossing of the DanubeDanubeThe Danube is a river in the Central Europe and the Europe's second longest river after the Volga. It is classified as an international waterway....
near ViennaViennaVienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
. - 22 May - Battle of Aspern-Essling ends in defeat for Napoleon, the first time he had been personally defeated in over a decade.
- 23 May - Battle of AlcañizBattle of AlcañizThe Battle of Alcañiz resulted in the defeat of Major-General Louis Gabriel Suchet's French army on May 23, 1809 by a Spanish force under General Joaquín Blake y Joyes....
, Spanish victory over French. - 14 June - Battle of RaabBattle of RaabThe Battle of Raab was fought on 14 June 1809 during the Napoleonic Wars, between Franco-Italian forces and Austrian-Hungarian forces. The battle was fought near Győr in Hungary and ended in a Franco-Italian victory...
, Franco-Italian victory over Austria. - 15 June - Battle of MaríaBattle of MaríaThe Battle of María, also known as the Battle of Belchite, resulted in the defeat of part of General Blake's Spanish army by a French force under General Suchet on June 15, 1809.-External links:**...
, French victory over Spanish. - 5 July - Battle of WagramBattle of WagramThe Battle of Wagram was the decisive military engagement of the War of the Fifth Coalition. It took place on the Marchfeld plain, on the north bank of the Danube. An important site of the battle was the village of Deutsch-Wagram, 10 kilometres northeast of Vienna, which would give its name to the...
begins. - 6 July - Battle of Wagram ends with French victory over Austria, effectively bringing the War of the Fifth CoalitionWar of the Fifth CoalitionThe War of the Fifth Coalition, fought in the year 1809, pitted a coalition of the Austrian Empire and the United Kingdom against Napoleon's French Empire and Bavaria. Major engagements between France and Austria, the main participants, unfolded over much of Central Europe from April to July, with...
to an end. - 8 July - Battle of GefreesBattle of GefreesThe Battle of Gefrees was fought on 8 July 1809 during the War of the Fifth Coalition between a joint force of Austrians and Brunswickers under the command of General Kienmayer and a French force under the command of Marshal Junot. The battle ended in victory for the Austrians who avoided being...
, Austrian victory over French forces. - 12 July - Armistice of ZnaimArmistice of ZnaimThe Armistice of Znaim was a ceasefire agreed between Archduke Charles and Napoleon I on 12 July 1809 following the Battle of Znaim, effectively ending hostilities between Austria and France in the War of the Fifth Coalition....
, ceasefire agreed, effectively ending hostilities between AustriaAustrian EmpireThe Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
and FranceFirst French EmpireThe First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
in the War of the Fifth CoalitionWar of the Fifth CoalitionThe War of the Fifth Coalition, fought in the year 1809, pitted a coalition of the Austrian Empire and the United Kingdom against Napoleon's French Empire and Bavaria. Major engagements between France and Austria, the main participants, unfolded over much of Central Europe from April to July, with...
. - 27 July - Battle of Talavera begins.
- 28 July - Battle of Talavera ends, inconclusive battle between French and British forces.
- 11 August - Battle of AlmonacidBattle of AlmonacidThe Battle of Almonacid was fought on August 11, 1809 during the Peninsular War between Sébastiani's IV Corps of the French Peninsular Army, which had withdrawn from the Battle of Talavera to defend Madrid, and the Spanish Army of La Mancha under General Venegas...
, French victory over Spanish. - 14 October - Treaty of SchönbrunnTreaty of SchönbrunnThe Treaty of Schönbrunn , sometimes known as the Treaty of Vienna, was signed between France and Austria at the Schönbrunn Palace of Vienna on 14 October 1809. This treaty ended the Fifth Coalition during the Napoleonic Wars...
, signed between France and Austria, who were defeated and had to cede territory. - 18 October - Battle of TamamésBattle of TamamésThe Battle of Tamames was a sharp reversal suffered by part of Marshal Michel Ney's French army under Major-General Jean Marchand in the Peninsular War. The French, advancing out of Salamanca, were met and defeated in battle by a Spanish army on October 18, 1809.-Course of battle:The Spanish drew...
, Spanish victory over French. - 19 November - Battle of OcanaBattle of OcanaThe Battle of Ocana or Battle of Ocaña was fought on 19 November 1809 between French forces under Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult and King Joseph Bonaparte and the Spanish army under Juan Carlos de Aréizaga, which suffered its greatest single defeat in the Peninsular War...
, French inflicted upon the Spanish army its greatest single defeat in the Peninsular WarPeninsular WarThe Peninsular War was a war between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war began when French and Spanish armies crossed Spain and invaded Portugal in 1807. Then, in 1808, France turned on its...
. - 26 November - Battle of Alba de TormesBattle of Alba de TormesIn the Battle of Alba de Tormes, fought on November 26, 1809, a French army commanded by Major General Jean Marchand routed Lieutenant-General Duke del Parque's retreating Spanish army during the Peninsular War.-Strategic situation:...
, French army routed retreating SpanishSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
army. - 12 December - Siege of Gerona ends as Spanish forced to capitulate by disease and famine.
Births
- 4 January - Louis BrailleLouis BrailleLouis Braille was the inventor of braille, a system of reading and writing used by people who are blind or visually impaired...
, teacher, inventor of brailleBrailleThe Braille system is a method that is widely used by blind people to read and write, and was the first digital form of writing.Braille was devised in 1825 by Louis Braille, a blind Frenchman. Each Braille character, or cell, is made up of six dot positions, arranged in a rectangle containing two...
(d.18521852 in FranceSee also:1851 in France,other events of 1852,1853 in France.----Events from the year 1852 in France.-Events:*14 January - French Constitution of 1852 enacted by Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte ....
). - 15 January - Pierre-Joseph ProudhonPierre-Joseph ProudhonPierre-Joseph Proudhon was a French politician, mutualist philosopher and socialist. He was a member of the French Parliament, and he was the first person to call himself an "anarchist". He is considered among the most influential theorists and organisers of anarchism...
, political philosopher (d.18651865 in FranceSee also:1864 in France,other events of 1865,1866 in France.----Events from the year 1865 in France.-Births:*20 January - Yvette Guilbert, singer and actress .*9 June - Albéric Magnard, composer ....
). - 23 March - Jean-Hippolyte FlandrinJean-Hippolyte FlandrinJean-Hippolyte Flandrin was a 19th-century French painter. His celebrated 1836 work Jeune Homme Nu Assis au Bord de la Mer is in the Louvre.-Early life:...
, painter (d.18641864 in FranceSee also:1863 in France,other events of 1864,1865 in France.----Events from the year 1864 in France.-Events:*10 April - Treaty of Miramar.*Jules Verne's Journey to the Center of the Earth published.-Births:...
). - 24 March - Joseph LiouvilleJoseph Liouville- Life and work :Liouville graduated from the École Polytechnique in 1827. After some years as an assistant at various institutions including the Ecole Centrale Paris, he was appointed as professor at the École Polytechnique in 1838...
, mathematician (d.18821882 in FranceSee also:1881 in France,other events of 1882,1883 in France.----Events from the year 1882 in France.-Events:*28 March - Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical and obligatory....
).
Deaths
- 27 March - Joseph-Marie VienJoseph-Marie VienJoseph-Marie Vien , French painter, was born at Montpellier. He was the last holder of the post of Premier peintre du Roi, serving from 1789 to 1791....
, painter (b.17161716 in FranceSee also:1715 in France,other events of 1716,1717 in France.----Events from the year 1716 in France.-Births:*20 January - Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, writer and numismatist .*29 May - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, naturalist ....
). - 31 May - Jean LannesJean LannesJean Lannes, 1st Duc de Montebello, was a Marshal of France. He was one of Napoleon's most daring and talented generals. Napoleon once commented on Lannes: "I found him a pygmy and left him a giant"...
, General (mortally wounded in battle) (b.17691769 in FranceSee also:1768 in France,other events of 1769,1770 in France.----Events from the year 1769 in France.-Events:*8 May - Battle of Ponte Novu begins between royal French forces and the native Corsicans....
). - 6 July - Antoine Charles Louis Lasalle, Cavalry general (killed in battle) (b.17751775 in FranceSee also:1774 in France,other events of 1775,1776 in France.----Events from the year 1775 in France.-January to June:*20 January - André-Marie Ampère, physicist ....
).