Zheng Xiaocang
Encyclopedia
Zheng Xiaocang was a Chinese writer, translator, and educator. He is well-known for his large publications about education in China. Zheng was a former acting President
Acting president
An Acting President is a person who temporarily fills the role of an organization's or country's president, either when the real president is unavailable or when the post is vacant .-See also:*Acting *Acting President of Pakistan*Acting President of Malta*Acting President of...

 of Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University , sometimes referred to as Zheda, is a national university in China. Founded in 1897, Zhejiang University is one of China's oldest institutions of higher education...

, and former President of Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University (ZJNU; is a comprehensive public university based in Jinhua city, Zhejiang province, China.- History :The university was originally established as the Hangzhou Normal Academy in 1956. It became the Hangzhou Normal...

.

Biography

Zheng was born in September 1892 in Haining
Haining
Haining is a county-level city in Zhejiang Province, China, and under the jurisdiction of Jiaxing. It is in the south side of Yangtze River Delta, and in the north of Zhejiang. It is 125 kilometers west of Shanghai, and 61.5 kilometers east of Hangzhou, the capital of the province. To its south...

 County, Jiaxing
Jiaxing
Jiaxing is a prefecture-level city in northern Zhejiang province of Eastern China. Lying on the Grand Canal of China, Jiaxing borders Hangzhou to the southwest, Huzhou to the west, Shanghai to the northeast, and the province of Jiangsu to the north....

, Zhejiang Province. In June 1912, Zheng graduated from Zhejiang Advanced College
Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University , sometimes referred to as Zheda, is a national university in China. Founded in 1897, Zhejiang University is one of China's oldest institutions of higher education...

 (current Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University , sometimes referred to as Zheda, is a national university in China. Founded in 1897, Zhejiang University is one of China's oldest institutions of higher education...

) in Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Hangzhou , formerly transliterated as Hangchow, is the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province in Eastern China. Governed as a sub-provincial city, and as of 2010, its entire administrative division or prefecture had a registered population of 8.7 million people...

. In June 1914, Zheng graduated from Tsinghua School
Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University , colloquially known in Chinese as Qinghua, is a university in Beijing, China. The school is one of the nine universities of the C9 League. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later...

 (current Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University , colloquially known in Chinese as Qinghua, is a university in Beijing, China. The school is one of the nine universities of the C9 League. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later...

) in Beijing. Zheng went to the United States to continue his study. Zheng first studied at the University of Wisconsin–Madison
University of Wisconsin–Madison
The University of Wisconsin–Madison is a public research university located in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1848, UW–Madison is the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System. It became a land-grant institution in 1866...

 (BA) then at Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...

. Zheng obtained MA (some sources indicate as PhD) from Columbia University.

In 1918, Zheng returned to China. Zheng was a professor of education at Nanjing Normal University
Nanjing Normal University
Nanjing Normal University , is a normal university located in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.Nanjing Normal University was originally named Sanjiang Normal Institute, which was established in 1902 by Zhang Zhidong, the Governor-General of Jiangsu and Jiangxi...

 and Southeast University
Southeast University
Southeast University , colloquially Dongda is a public, coeducational research university located in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China....

. Zheng served the Dean
Dean (education)
In academic administration, a dean is a person with significant authority over a specific academic unit, or over a specific area of concern, or both...

 of the School of Education of National Central University
National Central University
National Central University is a national comprehensive university in Taiwan .National Central University was founded in 1915 and originated in 258 CE at Nanjing, China. After NCU in Nanjing was renamed Nanjing University in 1949, NCU was re-established in Taiwan in 1962...

 (current Nanjing University
Nanjing University
Nanjing University , or Nanking University, is one of the oldest and most prestigious institutions of higher learning in China...

 in Nanjing
Nanjing
' is the capital of Jiangsu province in China and has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having been the capital of China on several occasions...

, Jiangsu Province) for ten years.

From June 1928, Zheng taught at Zhejiang University. Zheng founded the department of education at Zhejiang University. Zheng was the head of the education department of Zhejiang University, then the Dean of School of Education. Zheng was also the head of Graduate School
Graduate school
A graduate school is a school that awards advanced academic degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned a previous undergraduate degree...

, the Provost
Provost (education)
A provost is the senior academic administrator at many institutions of higher education in the United States, Canada and Australia, the equivalent of a pro-vice-chancellor at some institutions in the United Kingdom and Ireland....

, and the acting President of Zhejiang University
Presidents of Zhejiang University
-Qiushi Academy - Zhejiang Advanced College period:-National 3rd Sun Yat-sen University - National Chekiang University period :Chekiang University or National Chekiang University is also known as the University of Chekiang...

 (from February to April 1936).

In 1952, the old Zhejiang University was split, and the new Hangzhou Normal College
Hangzhou University
Since 1998, Hangzhou University has been a part of Zhejiang University....

 (杭州师范学院; later promoted to Hangzhou University
Hangzhou University
Since 1998, Hangzhou University has been a part of Zhejiang University....

; and Hangzhou University was re-merged into Zhejiang University in 1998; this Hangzhou Normal School is totally different from current Hangzhou Normal University) was established from the faculties and resources of Zhejiang University. Zheng was pointed professor of Hangzhou University and Zhejiang Normal College
Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University (ZJNU; is a comprehensive public university based in Jinhua city, Zhejiang province, China.- History :The university was originally established as the Hangzhou Normal Academy in 1956. It became the Hangzhou Normal...

 (current Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University (ZJNU; is a comprehensive public university based in Jinhua city, Zhejiang province, China.- History :The university was originally established as the Hangzhou Normal Academy in 1956. It became the Hangzhou Normal...

). In 1962, Zheng was pointed the President of Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University
Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University (ZJNU; is a comprehensive public university based in Jinhua city, Zhejiang province, China.- History :The university was originally established as the Hangzhou Normal Academy in 1956. It became the Hangzhou Normal...

.

Zheng was the honorary president of Zhejiang Education Society (浙江省教育学会). Zheng was a Standing Member of the China Association for Promoting Democracy
China Association for Promoting Democracy
The China Association for Promoting Democracy is one of the eight legally recognised political parties in the People's Republic of China that follow the direction of the Communist Party of China and is a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference...

 Central Committee
Central Committee
Central Committee was the common designation of a standing administrative body of communist parties, analogous to a board of directors, whether ruling or non-ruling in the twentieth century and of the surviving, mostly Trotskyist, states in the early twenty first. In such party organizations the...

.

On 12 March 1979, Zheng died in Hangzhou.

Translation work

Zheng is also well-known for his translation
Translation
Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. Whereas interpreting undoubtedly antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature; there exist partial translations of the Sumerian Epic of...

 of American novels, especially his translation of Louisa May Alcott
Louisa May Alcott
Louisa May Alcott was an American novelist. She is best known for the novel Little Women and its sequels Little Men and Jo's Boys. Little Women was set in the Alcott family home, Orchard House in Concord, Massachusetts, and published in 1868...

's works (including the Little Women
Little Women
Little Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott . The book was written and set in the Alcott family home, Orchard House, in Concord, Massachusetts. It was published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869...

, Little Men
Little Men
Little Men, or Life at Plumfield with Jo's Boys is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott, first published in 1871. The novel reprises characters from Little Women and is considered by some the second book of an unofficial Little Women trilogy, which is completed with Alcott's 1886 novel...

, etc.) are still considered as high quality and the best version.

External links

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