Zagreb tram system
Encyclopedia
The Zagreb Tramway, run by the Zagrebački električni tramvaj (ZET), consists of 15 day and 4 night lines in Zagreb
, Croatia
. Trams operate on 116 km of meter gauge tracks. During the day every line runs on average every 5–10 minutes, but almost every station serves at least two routes. Nighttime lines have exact timetables averaging at about every 40 minutes. The first horsecar
tram line was opened in 1891, and the first electric tram ran in 1910. Zagreb's tram system transported 204 million passengers in 2008.
system in Zagreb. The construction of one gauge tram track began on 11 May 1891. Tram should have been put in service on 15 August 1891, on the opening day of the Jubilee Economic-Forestry Exhibition. Due to vehicle delivery delay, the tram was put in service on 5 September 1891. That day was officially taken as the beginning of organized public transit system in Zagreb. Gauge was 0.76 m and track length was approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi).
The first electric tram track was opened on 18 August 1910. The horse-drawn trams were kept until a tram electric network was finished and then they were moved to Velika Gorica
where they said until 1937.
The oldest rolling units of the post-World War II
tram system were the two-axle TMK 101
trams. Three prototype units were built by ZET workshops in early 1950s, and other 68 units until 1965 by Đuro Đaković factory, with 110 matching trailers. A few of them were replaced by GT6, but they were in regular use until the TMK 2200 series came. They started to be replaced in the 2000s, as the TMK 2200 started going into operation, and by summer 2007 only about 15 of type 101 were still operational, serving only as a substitute for other vehicles. They were finally pulled out of service in the winter of 2008.
Lines 10 and 16 no-longer exist. Line 16 used to connect Črnomerec
and Zapruđe, but it was discontinued. Line 10 used to connect Borongaj
and Savski Most, but it too was scrapped in the mid-1980s.
Night-time lines are often substituted by bus
es due to track maintenance and repairs.
Most of the stock today consists of TMK 2200, a total of 140 units acquired since 2003. The next most common vehicle types are made by ČKD
-Tatra, comprising a total of 95 units of T4YU
with 85 matching B4YU trailers, and 51 units of the articulated KT4YU
. T4YU vehicles entered service between 1977 and 1983, and KT4YU followed around 1985.
The oldest units still in service are TMK 201
, built in 1973 and 1974 by Đuro Đaković. ZET used to have a total of 30 TMK-201 units with 32 trailers, of which 18 remain in use, as some were scrapped and their bodies reused in the production of TMK 2100
s. TMK-201 are similarly designed, but technically significantly different from the older TMK 101
, retired in 2008. ZET also has the only unit of an articulated ĐĐ prototype tram produced in 1990.
In 1994 Končar
built the prototype of the articulated TMK 2100 tram, which was later produced from 1997 to 2003. A total of 16 units were built including the prototype, and some remain in service. Also, from 1994 to 1998 ZET bought 35 used Düwag GT6 trams (5 of them are GT6 "type Mannheim") from Mannheim
, Germany
, and started to retire old type 101 trams. They were brought as a temporary solution, as the lack of funds prevented the buying of new vehicles. Many of them have since been replaced by TMK 2200 and scrapped, and the rest is out of service.
In 2003 ZET ordered 70 new 100% low-floor trams from Crotram
, a consortium led by Končar.
In May 2005 the prototype was delivered. It has air-conditioning, cameras outside (instead of rear view mirrors) and inside; its maximum speed is limited to 70 km/h. This type is designated as TMK 2200 (Tramvajska Motorna Kola) by Crotram, although the designation NT 2200 (Niskopodni Tramvaj) is used by ZET. The last tram of the original order was delivered in May 2007, and on June 7 Zagreb organised a tram parade where all 70 TMK 2200 trams drove in a snake through the streets of Zagreb
.
In 2007 Zagreb city holding also bought 19 VW Polo and 4 VW Crafter cars for mobile servicing of rolling stock.
In July 2007 a contract for an additional 70 TMK 2200 vehicles was signed. On December 27, 2007, the 71st tram, the first from the second series was displayed. It has redesigned seat layout and wider passages. On January 26, 2009, the 100th low floor tramcar entered service. The last car from the second order entered service on June 30, 2010.
ZET also keeps two museum units of M-24 trams (built by ZET workshops), one with a "Košak" trailer (also built by ZET), and the other with "Pagoda" trailer, which was formerly 1910 motor car made by Ganz
Budapest
.
Zagreb
Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...
, Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
. Trams operate on 116 km of meter gauge tracks. During the day every line runs on average every 5–10 minutes, but almost every station serves at least two routes. Nighttime lines have exact timetables averaging at about every 40 minutes. The first horsecar
Horsecar
A horsecar or horse-drawn tram is an animal-powered streetcar or tram.These early forms of public transport developed out of industrial haulage routes that had long been in existence, and from the omnibus routes that first ran on public streets in the 1820s, using the newly improved iron or steel...
tram line was opened in 1891, and the first electric tram ran in 1910. Zagreb's tram system transported 204 million passengers in 2008.
History
At the end of the 19th century rapid urbanization took place in Zagreb. City fathers started discussing the idea of installing horsecarHorsecar
A horsecar or horse-drawn tram is an animal-powered streetcar or tram.These early forms of public transport developed out of industrial haulage routes that had long been in existence, and from the omnibus routes that first ran on public streets in the 1820s, using the newly improved iron or steel...
system in Zagreb. The construction of one gauge tram track began on 11 May 1891. Tram should have been put in service on 15 August 1891, on the opening day of the Jubilee Economic-Forestry Exhibition. Due to vehicle delivery delay, the tram was put in service on 5 September 1891. That day was officially taken as the beginning of organized public transit system in Zagreb. Gauge was 0.76 m and track length was approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi).
The first electric tram track was opened on 18 August 1910. The horse-drawn trams were kept until a tram electric network was finished and then they were moved to Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica is the largest and most populous city in Zagreb County, Croatia. The city itself has a population of 31,341, while the municipality has a population of 63,511 inhabitants .Velika Gorica is the centre of the historical Turopolje region....
where they said until 1937.
The oldest rolling units of the post-World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
tram system were the two-axle TMK 101
TMK 101
TMK 101 is a 2-axle tramcar type which was used in Zagreb, Croatia, from 1951 until December 2008 . The vehicle has now been withdrawn from regular service. Its continuous output power was 2x60 kW, passenger capacity 95 and its maximum speed was 60km/h...
trams. Three prototype units were built by ZET workshops in early 1950s, and other 68 units until 1965 by Đuro Đaković factory, with 110 matching trailers. A few of them were replaced by GT6, but they were in regular use until the TMK 2200 series came. They started to be replaced in the 2000s, as the TMK 2200 started going into operation, and by summer 2007 only about 15 of type 101 were still operational, serving only as a substitute for other vehicles. They were finally pulled out of service in the winter of 2008.
Daytime lines
| 1 | Zapadni kolodvor - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Borongaj |
| 2 | Črnomerec Crnomerec - References :... - Jukićeva - Glavni kolodvor Zagreb Main Station Zagreb Main Station is the central railway station in Zagreb and the largest railway station in Croatia. It is located in the center of Zagreb, on King Tomislav Square.... - Autobusni kolodvor - Savišće |
| 3 | Ljubljanica - Ulica grada Vukovara - Savišće (does not operate on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays) |
| 4 | Savski most - Glavni kolodvor - Draškovićeva - Dubec |
| 5 | Prečko - Ulica grada Vukovara - Autobusni kolodvor - Kvaternik Square - Maksimir |
| 6 | Črnomerec Crnomerec - References :... - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Glavni kolodvor Zagreb Main Station Zagreb Main Station is the central railway station in Zagreb and the largest railway station in Croatia. It is located in the center of Zagreb, on King Tomislav Square.... - Autobusni kolodvor - Sopot |
| 7 | Savski most - Velesajam - Autobusni kolodvor - Dubrava |
| 8 | Mihaljevac - Draškovićeva - Autobusni kolodvor - Zapruđe |
| 9 | Ljubljanica - Glavni kolodvor Zagreb Main Station Zagreb Main Station is the central railway station in Zagreb and the largest railway station in Croatia. It is located in the center of Zagreb, on King Tomislav Square.... - Borongaj |
| 11 | Črnomerec Crnomerec - References :... - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Dubec |
| 12 | Ljubljanica - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Dubrava |
| 13 | Žitnjak - Ulica grada Vukovara - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Glavni kolodvor Zagreb Main Station Zagreb Main Station is the central railway station in Zagreb and the largest railway station in Croatia. It is located in the center of Zagreb, on King Tomislav Square.... - Trg žrtava fašizma - Kvaternik Square |
| 14 | Mihaljevac - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Savska ulica - Velesajam - Zapruđe |
| 15 | Mihaljevac - Dolje |
| 17 | Prečko - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Borongaj |
Lines 10 and 16 no-longer exist. Line 16 used to connect Črnomerec
Crnomerec
- References :...
and Zapruđe, but it was discontinued. Line 10 used to connect Borongaj
Borongaj
Borongaj is a neighborhood the Peščenica – Žitnjak district of Zagreb, Croatia. It is situated south of the main railway along Branimir Avenue and east of Donje Svetice Road. It is the location of the former Borongaj Airfield. For administrative purposes, Borongaj is part of the "Bruno Bušić" local...
and Savski Most, but it too was scrapped in the mid-1980s.
Night-time lines
| 31 | Črnomerec - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Glavni kolodvor - Autobusni kolodvor - Velesajam - Savski most |
| 32 | Prečko - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Trg hrvatskih velikana - Borongaj |
| 33 | Dolje - Draškovićeva - Glavni kolodvor - Savska cesta - Ulica grada Vukovara - Savišće |
| 34 | Ljubljanica - Ban Jelačić Square Ban Jelacic Square Ban Jelačić Square is the central square of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, named after ban Josip Jelačić. The official name is Trg bana Jelačića... - Glavni kolodvor - Draškovićeva - Dubec |
Night-time lines are often substituted by bus
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...
es due to track maintenance and repairs.
Rolling stock
ZET rolling stock is very diverse. It currently includes around 240 motor units of 8 different tram types (as of September 2005). On a normal work day there are over 190 units in use.Most of the stock today consists of TMK 2200, a total of 140 units acquired since 2003. The next most common vehicle types are made by ČKD
CKD
A knock-down kit is a kit containing the parts needed to assemble a product...
-Tatra, comprising a total of 95 units of T4YU
Tatra T4
T4 is the name of a tram produced by ČKD Tatra. It is the narrower variant of the Tatra T3 model. A large number of cars was supplied to the DDR, the USSR, Romania and the former Yugoslavia using names T4D, T4SU, T4R and T4YU, respectively...
with 85 matching B4YU trailers, and 51 units of the articulated KT4YU
Tatra KT4
Tatra KT4 is the name of an articulated tramcar developed by the Czech firm ČKD Tatra. The first pre-production vehicles entered service in Potsdam in 1975, with the first production vehicles in 1977. A total of 1747 units were built, with initial deliveries to East Germany and later The USSR and...
. T4YU vehicles entered service between 1977 and 1983, and KT4YU followed around 1985.
The oldest units still in service are TMK 201
TMK 201
TMK 201 is a four-axle tramcar vehicle produced in Đuro Đaković factory that operates in the capital of Croatia, Zagreb. Previously, it was also used in Belgrade. The first tram of this type arrived in ZET on December 31, 1973, and the last, 30th in the role, was delivered in June 1974...
, built in 1973 and 1974 by Đuro Đaković. ZET used to have a total of 30 TMK-201 units with 32 trailers, of which 18 remain in use, as some were scrapped and their bodies reused in the production of TMK 2100
TMK 2100
TMK 2100 is a tramcar vehicle produced by Croatian companies Končar and TŽV Gredelj, between 1994 and 2003. The prototype was made in 1994, and serial production began in 1997...
s. TMK-201 are similarly designed, but technically significantly different from the older TMK 101
TMK 101
TMK 101 is a 2-axle tramcar type which was used in Zagreb, Croatia, from 1951 until December 2008 . The vehicle has now been withdrawn from regular service. Its continuous output power was 2x60 kW, passenger capacity 95 and its maximum speed was 60km/h...
, retired in 2008. ZET also has the only unit of an articulated ĐĐ prototype tram produced in 1990.
In 1994 Končar
Koncar
Končar may refer to:*Rade Končar, World War II Yugoslav Communist resistance fighter*KONČAR Group, an electrical engineering company of Croatia*Končar class fast attack craft, a class of military ship built for the SFR Yugoslav Navy in the 1970s...
built the prototype of the articulated TMK 2100 tram, which was later produced from 1997 to 2003. A total of 16 units were built including the prototype, and some remain in service. Also, from 1994 to 1998 ZET bought 35 used Düwag GT6 trams (5 of them are GT6 "type Mannheim") from Mannheim
Mannheim
Mannheim is a city in southwestern Germany. With about 315,000 inhabitants, Mannheim is the second-largest city in the Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, following the capital city of Stuttgart....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, and started to retire old type 101 trams. They were brought as a temporary solution, as the lack of funds prevented the buying of new vehicles. Many of them have since been replaced by TMK 2200 and scrapped, and the rest is out of service.
In 2003 ZET ordered 70 new 100% low-floor trams from Crotram
CROTRAM
Crotram is a Croatian consortium of two companies, which produces the first Croatian low-floor tram . It consists of Končar Elektroindustrija d.d. and TŽV Gredelj d.o.o., both from Zagreb...
, a consortium led by Končar.
In May 2005 the prototype was delivered. It has air-conditioning, cameras outside (instead of rear view mirrors) and inside; its maximum speed is limited to 70 km/h. This type is designated as TMK 2200 (Tramvajska Motorna Kola) by Crotram, although the designation NT 2200 (Niskopodni Tramvaj) is used by ZET. The last tram of the original order was delivered in May 2007, and on June 7 Zagreb organised a tram parade where all 70 TMK 2200 trams drove in a snake through the streets of Zagreb
Zagreb
Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...
.
In 2007 Zagreb city holding also bought 19 VW Polo and 4 VW Crafter cars for mobile servicing of rolling stock.
In July 2007 a contract for an additional 70 TMK 2200 vehicles was signed. On December 27, 2007, the 71st tram, the first from the second series was displayed. It has redesigned seat layout and wider passages. On January 26, 2009, the 100th low floor tramcar entered service. The last car from the second order entered service on June 30, 2010.
ZET also keeps two museum units of M-24 trams (built by ZET workshops), one with a "Košak" trailer (also built by ZET), and the other with "Pagoda" trailer, which was formerly 1910 motor car made by Ganz
Ganz
The Ganz electric works in Budapest is probably best known for the manufacture of tramcars, but was also a pioneer in the application of three-phase alternating current to electric railways. Ganz also made / makes: ships , bridge steel structures , high voltage equipment...
Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
.
| Tram Car Type | Image | Note |
|---|---|---|
| ĐĐ TMK 201 TMK 201 TMK 201 is a four-axle tramcar vehicle produced in Đuro Đaković factory that operates in the capital of Croatia, Zagreb. Previously, it was also used in Belgrade. The first tram of this type arrived in ZET on December 31, 1973, and the last, 30th in the role, was delivered in June 1974... |
||
| ČKD Tatra T4YU (Type 401) |
||
| ČKD Tatra KT4YU Tatra KT4 Tatra KT4 is the name of an articulated tramcar developed by the Czech firm ČKD Tatra. The first pre-production vehicles entered service in Potsdam in 1975, with the first production vehicles in 1977. A total of 1747 units were built, with initial deliveries to East Germany and later The USSR and... (Type 301) |
||
| Düwag GT-6 DUEWAG The DUEWAG AG was one of Germany's major manufacturers for rail vehicles. The business was sold in 1999 to Siemens transportation.- History :The company was founded in 1898 as Waggonfabrik Uerdingen AG in Uerdingen... (type 901) |
||
| Düwag GT-6 "Mannheimer" (Type 941): variant |
||
| Končar TMK 2100 TMK 2100 TMK 2100 is a tramcar vehicle produced by Croatian companies Končar and TŽV Gredelj, between 1994 and 2003. The prototype was made in 1994, and serial production began in 1997... |
||
| TMK 2200 CROTRAM Crotram is a Croatian consortium of two companies, which produces the first Croatian low-floor tram . It consists of Končar Elektroindustrija d.d. and TŽV Gredelj d.o.o., both from Zagreb... |
 |
|
| TMK 2200 K CROTRAM Crotram is a Croatian consortium of two companies, which produces the first Croatian low-floor tram . It consists of Končar Elektroindustrija d.d. and TŽV Gredelj d.o.o., both from Zagreb... (type 2300) |
||