Wolomin
Encyclopedia
Wołomin AUD is the main town
of Wołomin County situated in the Masovian Voivodship. Wołomin is located approximately 20 km (12 mi) east of Warsaw
, the capital of Poland
, near the railway to Białystok. It has approximately 36,000 inhabitants and covers an area of 14 km².
citizens. The Wołomin glassworks were founded in the beginning of the 20th century.
Wołomin was declared a town in 1919. In 1920 the Polish counter-attack in the Battle of Warsaw
was conducted near Wołomin. In the interbellum Wołomin retained its status as a multinational town. There was a big Jewish and Russia
n minority.
Polish writer Zofia Nałkowska had a house in Wołomin, which became an inspiration for her 1925 book House over meadows . During World War II
Jews from Wołomin were moved to the Warsaw Ghetto
and exterminated by the Germans
. Most of the Russian community has escaped westwards before the arrival of the Red Army
.
In 1944 a substantial battle was fought near the town between Soviet
armoured units and German 39th Panzer Corps. Soviet losses were high and the Red Army
was forced to retreat.
After the war, Wołomin became a capital of the powiat of Wołomin and started to grow rapidly. The window assembly plant was founded and Wołomin soon became a suburb of Warsaw. Even today most of the town's inhabitants commute to Warsaw on a daily basis.
After 1989 Wołomin's glassworks were shut down in the big recession slowdown. However, the technology of production of temperature resist glass, invented in the facility, allowed the factory to continue production and recover under new ownership.
Italy Salerno
, Italy
Town
A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. The size a settlement must be in order to be called a "town" varies considerably in different parts of the world, so that, for example, many American "small towns" seem to British people to be no more than villages, while...
of Wołomin County situated in the Masovian Voivodship. Wołomin is located approximately 20 km (12 mi) east of Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
, the capital of Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, near the railway to Białystok. It has approximately 36,000 inhabitants and covers an area of 14 km².
History
Wołomin was first mentioned in chronicles from the 15th century. It remained a small village in central Masovia without much significance. Since 19th century, and especially after the foundation of the railway in 1862, Wołomin became a summer holiday destination for WarsawWarsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
citizens. The Wołomin glassworks were founded in the beginning of the 20th century.
Wołomin was declared a town in 1919. In 1920 the Polish counter-attack in the Battle of Warsaw
Battle of Warsaw (1920)
The Battle of Warsaw sometimes referred to as the Miracle at the Vistula, was the decisive battle of the Polish–Soviet War. That war began soon after the end of World War I in 1918 and lasted until the Treaty of Riga resulted in the end of the hostilities between Poland and Russia in 1921.The...
was conducted near Wołomin. In the interbellum Wołomin retained its status as a multinational town. There was a big Jewish and Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n minority.
Polish writer Zofia Nałkowska had a house in Wołomin, which became an inspiration for her 1925 book House over meadows . During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
Jews from Wołomin were moved to the Warsaw Ghetto
Warsaw Ghetto
The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of all Jewish Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established in the Polish capital between October and November 15, 1940, in the territory of General Government of the German-occupied Poland, with over 400,000 Jews from the vicinity...
and exterminated by the Germans
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Most of the Russian community has escaped westwards before the arrival of the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
.
In 1944 a substantial battle was fought near the town between Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
armoured units and German 39th Panzer Corps. Soviet losses were high and the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
was forced to retreat.
After the war, Wołomin became a capital of the powiat of Wołomin and started to grow rapidly. The window assembly plant was founded and Wołomin soon became a suburb of Warsaw. Even today most of the town's inhabitants commute to Warsaw on a daily basis.
After 1989 Wołomin's glassworks were shut down in the big recession slowdown. However, the technology of production of temperature resist glass, invented in the facility, allowed the factory to continue production and recover under new ownership.
Sport
- BS Sure Shot Wołomin - women basketball team, 10th place in Sharp Torell Basket Liga in 2003/2004 season, will play in the 1st League.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Wołomin is twinned with: Italy SalernoSalerno
Salerno is a city and comune in Campania and is the capital of the province of the same name. It is located on the Gulf of Salerno on the Tyrrhenian Sea....
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...