William White (architect)
Encyclopedia
William White, F.S.A. (1825–1900) was an English
architect
, famous for his part in 19th century Gothic Revival architecture
and church restorations
. He was the son of a clergyman and great nephew of the writer and naturalist, Gilbert White
of Selborne
.
After a 5 year apprenticeship in Leamington Spa
he moved to London as an improver in George Gilbert Scott
's practice where he remained for two years before setting up his own practice in Truro
in 1847. In 1851 he returned to London and worked out of Wimpole Street
. His style was close to that of William Butterfield
and he built many churches.
Northern England and Ireland
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
architect
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
, famous for his part in 19th century Gothic Revival architecture
Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
and church restorations
Victorian restoration
Victorian restoration is the term commonly used to refer to the widespread and extensive refurbishment and rebuilding of Church of England churches and cathedrals that took place in England and Wales during the 19th-century reign of Queen Victoria...
. He was the son of a clergyman and great nephew of the writer and naturalist, Gilbert White
Gilbert White
Gilbert White FRS was a pioneering English naturalist and ornithologist.-Life:White was born in his grandfather's vicarage at Selborne in Hampshire. He was educated at the Holy Ghost School and by a private tutor in Basingstoke before going to Oriel College, Oxford...
of Selborne
Selborne
Selborne is a village in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is south of Alton. It will be just within the extreme northern boundary of the proposed South Downs National Park, which is due to take effect in mid-2010....
.
After a 5 year apprenticeship in Leamington Spa
Leamington Spa
Royal Leamington Spa, commonly known as Leamington Spa or Leamington or Leam to locals, is a spa town in central Warwickshire, England. Formerly known as Leamington Priors, its expansion began following the popularisation of the medicinal qualities of its water by Dr Kerr in 1784, and by Dr Lambe...
he moved to London as an improver in George Gilbert Scott
George Gilbert Scott
Sir George Gilbert Scott was an English architect of the Victorian Age, chiefly associated with the design, building and renovation of churches, cathedrals and workhouses...
's practice where he remained for two years before setting up his own practice in Truro
Truro
Truro is a city and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The city is the centre for administration, leisure and retail in Cornwall, with a population recorded in the 2001 census of 17,431. Truro urban statistical area, which includes parts of surrounding parishes, has a 2001 census...
in 1847. In 1851 he returned to London and worked out of Wimpole Street
Wimpole Street
Wimpole Street is a street in central London, England. Located in the City of Westminster, it is associated with private medical practice and medical associations. No. 1 Wimpole Street is an example of Edwardian baroque architecture, completed in 1912 by architect John Belcher as the home of the...
. His style was close to that of William Butterfield
William Butterfield
William Butterfield was a Gothic Revival architect and associated with the Oxford Movement . He is noted for his use of polychromy-Biography:...
and he built many churches.
Works, including restorations, in Cornwall
- Church of St Philip and St James, Antony near TorpointTorpointTorpoint is a civil parish and town on the Rame Peninsula in southeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated opposite the city of Plymouth across the Hamoaze which is the tidal estuary of the River Tamar....
, CornwallCornwallCornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of , and covers an area of... - Maryfield House, Antony, near TorpointTorpointTorpoint is a civil parish and town on the Rame Peninsula in southeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated opposite the city of Plymouth across the Hamoaze which is the tidal estuary of the River Tamar....
, - The Church of St. Michael, designed by White, built at BaldhuBaldhuBaldhu is a village and parish in Cornwall, United Kingdom.The parish church is the burial place of Billy Bray, the revivalist preacher who was born at nearby Twelveheads....
, Cornwall, 1848 - House at Lower Town, ColanColan, CornwallColan is a village and civil parish in mid-Cornwall, UK. It is situated approximately three miles east of Newquay.Fir Hill Manor, which once belonged to the Hoblyn family of Colan, was the subject of a BBC Bristol documentary, The Curse of Fir Hill Manor...
, MountjoyMountjoy, CornwallMountjoy is a hamlet in Cornwall, England, UK. It is on the A392 road east of Quintrell Downs.-References:...
, circa 1875 - Church of St Peter, MithianMithianMithian is a village in Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately six miles northeast of Redruth and a mile east of St Agnes....
, near St Agnes, 1861 - Bank House, at St Columb MajorSt Columb MajorSt Columb Major is a civil parish and town in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Often referred to locally as St Columb, it is situated approximately seven miles southwest of Wadebridge and six miles east of Newquay...
, circa 1857 - House at Denzell, near St Columb MajorSt Columb MajorSt Columb Major is a civil parish and town in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Often referred to locally as St Columb, it is situated approximately seven miles southwest of Wadebridge and six miles east of Newquay...
- The Old Rectory St Columb MajorSt Columb MajorSt Columb Major is a civil parish and town in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Often referred to locally as St Columb, it is situated approximately seven miles southwest of Wadebridge and six miles east of Newquay...
, - Penmellyn House St Columb MajorSt Columb MajorSt Columb Major is a civil parish and town in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Often referred to locally as St Columb, it is situated approximately seven miles southwest of Wadebridge and six miles east of Newquay...
- Rosemellyn House St Columb MajorSt Columb MajorSt Columb Major is a civil parish and town in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Often referred to locally as St Columb, it is situated approximately seven miles southwest of Wadebridge and six miles east of Newquay...
, 1871 - St HilarySt Hilary, CornwallSt Hilary is a civil parish and village in west Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately five miles east of Penzance and four miles south of Hayle.Chynoweth is an area immediately north of St Hilary....
Church, re-built on the old foundations in 1855 - Rectory for Canon Reginald Hobhouse at St IveSt IveSt Ive is a village and civil parish in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. St Ive should not be confused with St Ives, the well-known seaside town in the west of Cornwall...
, 1852-54 - Lamorran Church (1845), restoration
- Little PetherickLittle PetherickLittle Petherick is a village and civil parish in north Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is situated two miles south of Padstow and 6 miles west of Wadebridge....
Church, 1858 - St Peter's Church, MithianMithianMithian is a village in Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately six miles northeast of Redruth and a mile east of St Agnes....
, built 1861
Works, including restorations, in Devon
- Bishop’s Court, in SowtonSowtonSowton is a village and civil parish east of Exeter in East Devon, England. It has a population of 639.Its parish council merged with that of nearby Clyst St Mary in 1976 to form Bishop's Clyst.Sowton is also the name of an industrial estate at...
. This former Bishop's palaceBishop's palaceBishop's Palace may refer to the official residence of any bishop, such as those listed in the :Category:Episcopal palaces.Specific residences called Bishop's Palace include:* Bishop's Palace, Castres, France...
was remodeled in the 1860s, this was considered by English HeritageEnglish HeritageEnglish Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...
to be one of White's most important domestic buildings' for here he carefully designed the fittings and much of the furniture, with exceptional attention to detail, specifically for the house. - St Michael's Church, Clyst HonitonClyst HonitonClyst Honiton is an English village and civil parish five miles from Exeter in the East Devon district, in the county of Devon. It has a primary school. The church is St Michael and All Angels. Exeter International Airport which was opened in 1938 is located on the outskirts of the village...
- Church of St Nicholas & St Giles, SidmouthSidmouthSidmouth is a small town on the English Channel coast in Devon, South West England. The town lies at the mouth of the River Sid in the East Devon district, south east of Exeter. It has a population of about 15,000, of whom 40% are over 65....
- Holy Trinity Church, BarnstapleBarnstapleBarnstaple is a town and civil parish in the local government district of North Devon in the county of Devon, England, UK. It lies west southwest of Bristol, north of Plymouth and northwest of the county town of Exeter. The old spelling Barnstable is now obsolete.It is the main town of the...
, 1867 - Parish Church of Upton PyneUpton PyneUpton Pyne is a parish and village in Devon, England. The parish lies just north west of Exeter, mainly between the River Exe and River Creedy. The village is located north of Cowley and west of Brampford Speke and Stoke Canon.-History:...
, alterations 1874-75 - Church of St Michael and All Angels Cadbury, DevonCadbury, DevonCadbury is a village in Devon, England. Cadbury Castle is nearby.The 15th century church features a Norman font. Church of St Michael and All Angels Cadbury, Devon, restoration in 1857 by William White....
, restoration in 1857 - Church of St John the Baptist InstowInstowInstow is a village in north Devon, England. It is on the estuary where the rivers Taw and Torridge meet, between the villages of Westleigh and Yelland and on the opposite bank of Appledore....
Restored 1872-3 - Church of St Peter, Shirwell heavily restored 1880s
- West DownWest DownWest Down is a civil parish and village located in North Devon, England, between Braunton and Ilfracombe. In 2001 its population was 620.West Down's church is dedicated to Saint Callixtus and its first recorded priest was in 1272. The present church dates from the 14th century, partly rebuilt in 1712...
Church of Holy Trinity Restored 1874 - Dartington Hall, South HamsSouth HamsSouth Hams is a local government district on the south coast of Devon, England with its headquarters in the town of Totnes. It contains the towns of Dartmouth, Kingsbridge, Ivybridge, Salcombe — the largest of which is Ivybridge with a population of 16,056....
, remodelled and extended again in circa 1860
Works, including restorations, in Hampshire
- Christ Church, FreemantleFreemantleFreemantle is a suburb and electoral ward in Southampton, UK.Origins of the name are uncertain, but there are similarly named places in Hampshire, notably a suburb of Hannington and Freemantle Common in Bitterne...
, SouthamptonSouthamptonSouthampton is the largest city in the county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated south-west of London and north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest...
, consecrated 1865 - St Mark's Church Woolston, Hampshire, consecrated 17 November 1863
- LyndhurstLyndhurst, HampshireLyndhurst is a village and civil parish in the New Forest, Hampshire, England. It is a popular tourist location with many independent shops, art galleries, cafés, restaurants, pubs and hotels. The nearest city is Southampton located around nine miles to the north-east...
Church, HampshireHampshireHampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force... - St Mary's Church, SelborneSelborneSelborne is a village in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is south of Alton. It will be just within the extreme northern boundary of the proposed South Downs National Park, which is due to take effect in mid-2010....
, HampshireHampshireHampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
, restoration work in 1856 - St Michael and All Angels, LymingtonLymingtonLymington is a port on the west bank of the Lymington River on the Solent, in the New Forest district of Hampshire, England. It is to the east of the South East Dorset conurbation, and faces Yarmouth on the Isle of Wight which is connected to it by a car ferry, operated by Wightlink. The town...
, HampshireHampshireHampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
, between 1890 and 1892
Works, including restorations, in London
- St Mark's Church, Battersea Rise, 1872-74
- St Saviour's Anglican Church, Aberdeen Park, IslingtonIslingtonIslington is a neighbourhood in Greater London, England and forms the central district of the London Borough of Islington. It is a district of Inner London, spanning from Islington High Street to Highbury Fields, encompassing the area around the busy Upper Street...
, 1865-66 - All Saints ChurchAll Saints Notting HillAll Saints Notting Hill is a Victorian Anglican church in Talbot Road, Notting Hill, London. It is a Grade II* listed building, built of stone with polychrome decoration in the Victorian gothic style. The west tower has five stages with the stump of a spire, and the sanctuary features paintings by...
, KensingtonKensingtonKensington is a district of west and central London, England within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. An affluent and densely-populated area, its commercial heart is Kensington High Street, and it contains the well-known museum district of South Kensington.To the north, Kensington is...
, - Forest School Chapel, College Place Waltham Forest, built 1857 and enlarged 1875
- Church of St Michael WandsworthWandsworthWandsworth is a district of south London, England, in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It is situated southwest of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.-Toponymy:...
Common, 1881,
Works, including restorations, in Sussex
- St John the Divine, FelbridgeFelbridgeFelbridge is a civil parish in the Tandridge district of Surrey. The village is forms a continuous settlement with East Grinstead.-External links:****...
, East GrinsteadEast GrinsteadEast Grinstead is a town and civil parish in the northeastern corner of Mid Sussex, West Sussex in England near the East Sussex, Surrey, and Kent borders. It lies south of London, north northeast of Brighton, and east northeast of the county town of Chichester...
, West SussexWest SussexWest Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering onto East Sussex , Hampshire and Surrey. The county of Sussex has been divided into East and West since the 12th century, and obtained separate county councils in 1888, but it remained a single ceremonial county until 1974 and the coming...
neo-Gothic building built in the mid-1860s - St Mary the Virgin, LittlehamptonLittlehamptonLittlehampton is a seaside resort town and civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex, England, on the east bank at the mouth of the River Arun. It lies south southwest of London, west of Brighton and east of the county town of Chichester....
, West SussexWest SussexWest Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering onto East Sussex , Hampshire and Surrey. The county of Sussex has been divided into East and West since the 12th century, and obtained separate county councils in 1888, but it remained a single ceremonial county until 1974 and the coming...
(new chancel and restoration 1899) - St Peter and St Paul, West WitteringWest WitteringWest Wittering is a small village and civil parish, on the Manhood Peninsula, in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It lies near the mouth of Chichester Harbour on the B2179 road 6.5 miles southwest of Chichester and has a sandy beach with what has been described as excellent...
, West SussexWest SussexWest Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering onto East Sussex , Hampshire and Surrey. The county of Sussex has been divided into East and West since the 12th century, and obtained separate county councils in 1888, but it remained a single ceremonial county until 1974 and the coming... - Felbridge Vicarage, FelbridgeFelbridgeFelbridge is a civil parish in the Tandridge district of Surrey. The village is forms a continuous settlement with East Grinstead.-External links:****...
, East GrinsteadEast GrinsteadEast Grinstead is a town and civil parish in the northeastern corner of Mid Sussex, West Sussex in England near the East Sussex, Surrey, and Kent borders. It lies south of London, north northeast of Brighton, and east northeast of the county town of Chichester...
, West SussexWest SussexWest Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering onto East Sussex , Hampshire and Surrey. The county of Sussex has been divided into East and West since the 12th century, and obtained separate county councils in 1888, but it remained a single ceremonial county until 1974 and the coming...
Works, including restorations, in other counties
Southern England- St James parish church, Claydon, OxfordshireClaydon, OxfordshireClaydon is a village in Claydon with Clattercot civil parish, about north of Banbury in Oxfordshire. The village is about above sea level on a hill of Early Jurassic Middle Lias clay. Claydon is the northernmost village in Oxfordshire...
, a restoration, 1860 - AdishamAdishamAdisham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Kent. The village, six miles south-east of Canterbury, and located on the B2046 road between Wingham and Barham, is known as Edesham in the Domesday Book....
Church, KentKentKent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
, a restoration, 1869 - St Leonard’s Church, Sandridge HertfordshireHertfordshireHertfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England. The county town is Hertford.The county is one of the Home Counties and lies inland, bordered by Greater London , Buckinghamshire , Bedfordshire , Cambridgeshire and...
, comprehensive restoration, 1886-7 - Quy Hall, Stow-cum-Quy, CambridgeshireCambridgeshireCambridgeshire is a county in England, bordering Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the northeast, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfordshire to the south, and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west...
, a rebuilding between 1869 and 1871 - Holy Cross & St. Mary's Church, QuaintonQuaintonQuainton is a village and civil parish in Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England, north west of Aylesbury. The population is 1290, of which 1000 are adults. The village has two churches , a school and two public houses...
, BuckinghamshireBuckinghamshireBuckinghamshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan home county in South East England. The county town is Aylesbury, the largest town in the ceremonial county is Milton Keynes and largest town in the non-metropolitan county is High Wycombe....
, 1877 - Stained glass in Holy Trinity, Touchen End, BerkshireBerkshireBerkshire is a historic county in the South of England. It is also often referred to as the Royal County of Berkshire because of the presence of the royal residence of Windsor Castle in the county; this usage, which dates to the 19th century at least, was recognised by the Queen in 1957, and...
- Great MaplesteadGreat MaplesteadGreat Maplestead is a village and a civil parish in the Braintree District, in the English county of Essex. It is near the town of Halstead and the villages of Sible Hedingham and Little Maplestead.- References :*...
Church EssexEssexEssex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west... - St. Laurence and All Saints Church, EastwoodSt. Laurence and All Saints Church, EastwoodSt. Laurence and All Saints is a Grade I listed medieval church in the parish of Eastwood, Essex, England which has been under threat from plans to expand London Southend Airport....
, restoration, 1873–1875
Northern England and Ireland
- Church of the Holy Trinity Elvington, YorkYorkYork is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence...
, East Riding of YorkshireEast Riding of YorkshireThe East Riding of Yorkshire, or simply East Yorkshire, is a local government district with unitary authority status, and a ceremonial county of England. For ceremonial purposes the county also includes the city of Kingston upon Hull, which is a separate unitary authority...
, 1876-77 - Church of St. James and St. John, DerwentDerwent, DerbyshireDerwent is a village 'drowned' under the Ladybower Reservoir in Derbyshire, England. The village of Ashopton, Derwent Woodlands church and Derwent Hall were also 'drowned' in the construction of the reservoir. There is no formal memorial to any of the villages...
, DerbyshireDerbyshireDerbyshire is a county in the East Midlands of England. A substantial portion of the Peak District National Park lies within Derbyshire. The northern part of Derbyshire overlaps with the Pennines, a famous chain of hills and mountains. The county contains within its boundary of approx... - Humewood Castle, Wicklow MountainsWicklow MountainsThe Wicklow Mountains form the largest continuous upland area in Ireland. They occupy the whole centre of County Wicklow and stretch outside its borders into Counties Carlow, Wexford and Dublin. Where the mountains extend into County Dublin, they are known locally as the Dublin Mountains...
, IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
White's contemporaries in the Gothic Revival
- Benjamin MountfortBenjamin MountfortBenjamin Woolfield Mountfort was an English emigrant to New Zealand, where he became one of that country's most prominent 19th century architects. He was instrumental in shaping the city of Christchurch's unique architectural identity and culture, and was appointed the first official Provincial...
, - James BrooksJames BrooksJames Brooks may refer to:*James Brooks , Bishop of Gloucester*James Brooks English classical composer*James Brooks , United States Representative from New York*James H...
, - Henry Woodyer
- John Loughborough PearsonJohn Loughborough PearsonJohn Loughborough Pearson was a Gothic Revival architect renowned for his work on churches and cathedrals. Pearson revived and practised largely the art of vaulting, and acquired in it a proficiency unrivalled in his generation.-Early life and education:Pearson was born in Brussels, Belgium on 5...
- Richard Cromwell CarpenterRichard Cromwell CarpenterRichard Cromwell Carpenter was an English architect. He is chiefly remembered as an ecclesiastical and tractarian architect working in the Gothic style.-Family:...
- James Piers St AubynJames Piers St AubynJames Piers St Aubyn , often referred to as J. P. St Aubyn, was an English architect of the Victorian era, known for his church architecture and confident restorations.-Early life:...
- George Edmund StreetGeorge Edmund StreetGeorge Edmund Street was an English architect, born at Woodford in Essex.- Life :Street was the third son of Thomas Street, solicitor, by his second wife, Mary Anne Millington. George went to school at Mitcham in about 1830, and later to the Camberwell collegiate school, which he left in 1839...