William Dewsbury was Quaker minister in the early period of the movement. He was born in Allerthorpe

Allerthorpe

Allerthorpe is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately south west of the town of Pocklington.The civil parish is formed by the village of Allerthorpe and the hamlet of Waplington....

, Yorkshire, around 1621. Little is known about his parents and education, apart from the fact that his father died when he was eight years old. Deswbury studied both scripture and other religious texts from an early age. Until around the age of 13 he worked as a shepherd

Shepherd

A shepherd is a person who tends, feeds or guards flocks of sheep.- Origins :Shepherding is one of the oldest occupations, beginning some 6,000 years ago in Asia Minor. Sheep were kept for their milk, meat and especially their wool...

 in Allerthorpe - after which he became an apprentice to a weaver

Weaver

The Ploceidae, or weavers, are small passerine birds related to the finches.These are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills, most of which are from Sub-Saharan Africa, with fewer species in tropical Asia. A few species have been introduced outside their native range. The weaver group is...

 in Holbeck

Holbeck

Holbeck is a district in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.The district begins on the southern edge of the Leeds city centre and mainly lies in the LS11 Leeds postcode area. The M1 and M621 motorways used to end/begin in Holbeck. Now the M621 is the only motorway that passes through the area since...

. In 1642, his brief experience in the Parliamentary Army

English Civil War

The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...

 led him to reject fighting with ‘carnall’ weapons on religious grounds. Dewsbury travelled to Edinburgh

Edinburgh

Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland, and the eighth most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a rural area...

, having become interested in Presbyterianism

Presbyterianism

Presbyterianism refers to a number of Christian churches adhering to the Calvinist theological tradition within Protestantism, which are organized according to a characteristic Presbyterian polity. Presbyterian theology typically emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures,...

, but was disappointed by the formality of the Scottish faith. It is unknown when Dewsbury married, but a date of around 1649 has been proposed. It is known that his wife, whose first name was Ann, came from York

York

York is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence...

, and that they were married

Marriage

Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 in an Anabaptist

Anabaptist

Anabaptists are Protestant Christians of the Radical Reformation of 16th-century Europe, and their direct descendants, particularly the Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites....

 ceremony.. The couple unsuccessfully attempted to regain some former property of Ann Dewsbury, which had been taken by her brother, in court

Court

A court is a form of tribunal, often a governmental institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law...

. In 1651 he met the prominent English Dissenter and early Quaker George Fox

George Fox

George Fox was an English Dissenter and a founder of the Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as the Quakers or Friends.The son of a Leicestershire weaver, Fox lived in a time of great social upheaval and war...

 in the house of a Lieutenant Roper, near Balsby

Balsby

Balsby is a locality situated in Kristianstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 430 inhabitants in 2010....

. Also present were Thomas Goodaire

Thomas Goodaire

Thomas Goodaire was an early member of the Society of Friends and an associate of George Fox. He may have come from Wakefield. He was later imprisoned in Warwick, and is regarded as one of the Valiant Sixty.- Sources :...

, James Nayler

James Nayler

James Nayler was an English Quaker leader. He is among the members of the Valiant Sixty, a group of early Quaker preachers and missionaries. At the peak of his career, he preached against enclosure and the slave trade....

 and Richard Farnsworth. In 1652 he became a Quaker minister, and travelled through Westmoreland

Westmoreland

Westmoreland is a historic county in England. It may also refer to:-Places:Australia*Westmoreland County, New South WalesCanada*Westmorland County, New BrunswickJamaica*Westmoreland, Jamaica, a parishNew Zealand...

, Cumberland

Cumberland

Cumberland is a historic county of North West England, on the border with Scotland, from the 12th century until 1974. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 and now forms part of Cumbria....

 and Lancashire

Lancashire

Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston...

 preaching. During this journey, both Dewsbury and Robert Widders, an associate, were attacked by a group of Baptists while speaking in Carlisle

City of Carlisle

The City of Carlisle is a local government district of Cumbria, England, with the status of a city and non-metropolitan district. It is named after its largest settlement, Carlisle, but covers a far larger area which includes the towns of Brampton and Longtown, as well as outlying villages...

, and Widders was later imprisoned. He spoke in Sedbergh

Sedbergh

Sedbergh is a small town in Cumbria, England. It lies about east of Kendal and about north of Kirkby Lonsdale. The town sits just within the Yorkshire Dales National Park...

 in 1653, and was imprisoned in York

York

York is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence...

 after being accused of blasphemy

Blasphemy

Blasphemy is irreverence towards religious or holy persons or things. Some countries have laws to punish blasphemy, while others have laws to give recourse to those who are offended by blasphemy...

 by a local priest in 1654. However, he was set free by proclamation soon afterwards when the authorities realised that the evidence against him was spurious.
Dewsbury died in Warwick

Warwick

Warwick is the county town of Warwickshire, England. The town lies upon the River Avon, south of Coventry and just west of Leamington Spa and Whitnash with which it is conjoined. As of the 2001 United Kingdom census, it had a population of 23,350...

 on 17 June 1688.

Publications

• The breathings of life to God's spiritual Israel, through a faithfull follower of the Lamb, in the regeneration and kingdome of patience and tribulation; and now a sufferer in bonds for the testimony of the Lord Iesus, known to the world by the name of William Deusbury. - London : [s.n.], printed in the year 1663. [i.e. 1664].

• Christ exalted, and alone worthy to open the seals of the book. And the scriptures owned in their place. A true testimony of him, as is manifest, in answer to a book, intituled, The Quakers apostacy, from the perfect rule of scriptures. Given forth by John Timson, of Great Bowden in Leicestershire. And the deceits and blasphemies he charges upon the Quakers, is turned upon his own head, and he found guilty of what he reproaches them with, in what is written for the simples sake, and truth to clear from false accusations and lyes cast upon it. And the ten queries he saith he vindicateth, and would print but foure of them, they are all published, with the answers that he charges to be confused, dark and deceitfull, that the answers may witnesse for themselves against what is charged upon them. He that hath an understanding in the light, read and judge. William Dewsberry. - London : Calvert, Giles, 1656

• The discovery of mans return to his first estate by the operation of the power of God in the great work of regeneration. With a word to all saints, who set their faces towards Sion to seek the Lord their God. And to those that are waiting in Sion, to worship him in spirit and truth. A word to the back-slider, who hath tasted of the good word of God, and the powers of the world to come, and hath turned the grace of God into wantonness, and gone back into spiritual Sodom and Egypt, where our Lord is crucified. With a discovery of Mystery-Babylon and her merchants: with a word to the hard-hearted unbelieving Jews, who profess Christ in words, and deny to be guided by his counsel, the light in their conscience, and stumble at him to their own destruction. From the spirit of the Lord, written by one whom the people of this world calls a Quaker, whose name in the flesh is William Deusbury; but hath a new name, the world knows not, written in the book of life. - London : Calvert, Giles, 1655

• The discovery of the great enmity of the serpent against the seed of the woman, which witnesseth against him where he rules, both in rulers priests and people: whose hearts are now made manifest in this great day of the Lords power; wherein he is sending his sons and daughters in the power of his spirit to run to and fro to declare his word. Which discovereth the state of England, who according to her own lusts hath heaped up teachers to her selfe that hath spoken smooth things to her, calling her the beautiful church and spouse of Christ; but in the day of tryall she is found in enmity to Christ ... A true testimony of him the world knows by name, William Deusbery, and in scorn calls Quaker; who hath been by them imprisoned in York, Darby, Leicester, and Northampton, where he is now kept in the common goal ... Also his call to the ministry of the everlasting Gospel by the still voyce of the Spirit of God ... The word of the Lord to all in England whom the Lord hath betrusted with power ... With a lamentation over all in England; who oppose Christ in his spiritual appearance, and to slight the day of your visitation to your own destruction. From the common goal in Northampton the 25 day of the 4 month. 1655. - London : Calvert, Giles, 1655

• A discovery of the ground from whence the persecution did arise, and the proceedings of those that were actors in it, in Northamptionshire, against the servant of the most high God William Deusbery, whom they have cast into prison for the Word of God, and for the testimony of Jesus Christ, and Ioseph Stor, who was allowed of the Lord to come to visit him, and for the truths sake, that not any lie might rest upon it, to cause the simple to stumble at the ways of truth: here is declared the truth of the matter, as followcth [sic]. London printed in the year, 1655].

• An exhortation to all people to prize their time, in making their calling & election sure, before they go hence and be no more. As it hath pleased the Lord God in his tender mercy, in his heavenly power in Christ, to assist his tender hand-maid Mary Sam, and gave her full assurance of her eternal salvation, who lived with her grandfather William Dewsbury at Warwick, where he was and is prisoner for the testimony of our Lord Jesus Christ. And there she departed this natural life when she was the age of twelve years and sixteen weeks; and in her sickness declared to all about her what God had done for her soul. A brief account whereof follows, London : Andrew Sowle, [1680].

• The faithful testimony of that antient servant of the Lord, and minister of the everlasting gospel William Dewsbery; his books, epistles
  Epistle (Quaker)
  Quaker epistle: in the 17th Century, the Quaker movement revived the Gospel use of the word "epistle" to mean an advisory or admonitory letter, sent to a group of people, sometimes termed a "general epistle"...
  
   and writings, collected and printed for future service, London : Andrew Sowle, [1689].

• A general epistle to be read in the fear of God, in and amongst the assemblies of his people by William Dewsbury, London, Benjamin Clark

• A general epistle, given forth from the spirit of the Lord, to be read in his fear in the assemblies of the Church of the first-born, gathered in these northern-countries, and in all countries and islands where ever the people of the Lord are scattered over the face of the earth. W.D., London, printed in the year, 1668

• The mighty day of the Lord, is coming. In which, Christ is exalting King upon the holy hill of Sion, over all the world to reign, who in this day of the Lord knocks at the door of the heart of Jew and Gentile, kindreds, tongues, people and nations, who desires to know the onely true God, and Christ Jesus whom he hath sent to be the light of the world, and salvation to the ends of the earth, to all that obey him; but a stone of stumbling and a rock of offence to all that reject his counsel, whom he will take in their own craft, and overturn in their own devices to the shame and confusion of their faces; but they that believe in him, shall never be ashamed. The word of the Lord to all the faithful scattered in the world, that in the counsel of the Lord stands to strengthen the desires raised towards his name, them to give victory over the world. A warning to all that dwell upon the earth, and to the kings, princes, and rulers in the world, to submit to Christ the light of the world, lest they perish in the day of his fierce wrath, when the hearts of all that disobey him, do fall before him. From the common goal in Northampton, the 7 day of the 11 month, 1655. Given forth by him the world knows by name, William Dewsbery, at the writing of this, prisoner for the word of God, and testimony of Jesus Christ. London : Calvert, Giles, 1656.

• The principles of truth: being a declaration of our faith, who are call'd Quakers. whereby all that wants peace with God, may return into their first estate, through the operation of the Light and power of God in the great work of regeneration. Written by E.B. J.C. W.D. H.S. I.P. and A.P., [London : s.n., 1665].

• Several letters written to the saints of the Most High, to build them up in the truth, as it is in Jesus. By William Deusbery. James Naylor. George Fox. John Whitehead. London : [s.n.], printed in the year, 1654

• This for dear friends in London, and them that are aboard the ship in order to transportation; or else where all abroad. - [London : s.n., 1665].

• To all nations, kindreds, languages, tongues, and people, with your princes and rulers, and all people from the highest to the lowest. This to you is the word of the Lord God. - London : Wilson, Robert, 1660

• To all the faithful and suffering members, in all holes, prisons and gaoles, for the word of God, and testimony of Jesus Christ, with the rest of the faithfull, wherever scattered upon the face of the earth. [London : s.n., 1664].

• To all the faithful brethren born of the immortal seed, of the father of life, and sent forth in the great commission, and power of the king of eternal glory, to gather his elect from the winds of the earth, forth of all nations and kindreds where they are scattered; this to you is the word of God. [London : printed for Thomas Simmons, 1661]

• To all the faithfull and suffering members in all holes, prisons and goals [sic], for the Word of God and testimony of Jesus Christ; with the rest of the faithful where-ever scatter'd upon the face of the earth. London : printed and sold by Andrew Sowle,

• To all the faithfull in Christ, who have stood in his council the light, to be led in the foot-steps of the flock of the companions, and to all that professe the light of Christ to be their guide: ... [London],Printed in the year, 1664

• To all the faithfull in Christ, who have stood in his council the light, to be led in the foot-steps of the flock of the companions, and to all that professe the light of Christ to be their guide: to you I write these following lines, to be seriously weighed, in the weight and ponderous spirit, wherein you may discern a discovery of a false birth, in some, that came forth with us, as to own the light, in their judgements, and goe forth from us, in rejecting the stroake of the pure judgements of God, through the working of the mystery of iniquity, and so become as the umtimely birth, that doth not see the sun in his glory, nor the beauty of Sion (who hath passed through death unto life) in her comely unity in the spirit and bond of peace: he that can receive it, let him, now in the coole of the day. when council may be hearkened unto, and rightly understood in the truth, as it is in Jesus. [London ], Printed in the year, 1663

• A true prophecie of the mighty day of the Lord. Which is coming, and is appeared in the north of England, and is arising toward the south; and shall overspread this nation, and all the nations of the world. Wherein the Lord is redeeming Sion forth of her long inthral'd captivity in Babylons kingdom, where she hath been scattered in the cloudy and dark day, into forms and observations, and there kept by the priests, and teachers of the world, who ran when God never sent them. Now is the Lord appearing in this day of his might power, to gather his elect together, out of all forms observations, kindreds, tongues, and nations; ... A word from the Lord to all the inhabitants of England, rulers, priests and people, to hast to meet the Lord with speedy repentance, and returning within, to harken diligently to his counsel, ... From the spirit of the Lord, writte by one whose name in the flesh is William Dewsbury, called Quaker with the people of the world, who live in their perishing nature. London : Calvert, Giles, 1655.

• The word of the Lord to all children born again of the immortal seed as the salutation of the bowels of the unlimitted love of the father, flowing forth to you in the forcible power of his own life, thorow your brother and companion in tribulation, and kingdom of patienc in the Lord Jesus Christ. William Dewsbury. [London : s.n.], Printed in the year, 1665.

• The word of the Lord to all the inhabitants in England, from the highest to the lowest, that they may know his determination, and so be entreated to break off from their sin, in true obedience unto him, that they may escape in the day of his dreadful appearance when no flesh shall stand before him. William Dewsbery. [London : s.n.], Printed in the year 1666.

• The word of the Lord to his church and holy assembly regenerated and born again of the righteous seed, which the Lord hath blessed. To whom this is sent to be carefully and distinctly read, in the fear of the Lord, when they are met together, in the light of the convenant of the most high God. [London : s.n.], Printed in the year, 1666.

• The word of the Lord to Sion the New Jerusalem, the bride the Lambs wife, the excellency of all the glory that is amongst the people; though she be now in deep sufferings, in fulness of time God will clear the innocency of her children; and all the nations of the earth shall call her the blessed of the Lord, yea, the holy city, in whom the Lord dwells, to manifest his glory upon the earth amongst the children of men for ever. London : [s.n.], printed in the year, 1664.

• The word of the Lord, to his beloved citty New-Ierusalem, come from God, cloathed with the excellency of the glory of his love; and is the bride the Lambs wife, with the flowings of the tender compassionate bowels of the Lord Jesus, to all the mourners in Sion, and the afflicted, desolate people, who waite for his coming as for the morning, and hath not satisfaction in any thing but in the enjoyment of his sweet and comfortable presence. [London : s.n., 1663].

The source of this list of publications is Catalogue of the Library of the Religious Society of Friends, London, cited below.

Sources

• Smith, Edward, The life of William Dewsbury, an early and eminent minister of the Gospel in the Society of Friends : interspersed with many particulars relating to the peculiar views of that society, and the sufferings of its members for the testimony of a good conscience, London, Darton & Harvey, 1836
• Facsimile reprint of Edward Smith's William Dewsbury, with a foreword by Winifred White, Cover title: William Dewsbury c1621-1688: one of the first Valiant Sixty
  Valiant Sixty
  The Valiant Sixty were a group of early leaders and activists in the Religious Society of Friends . They were itinerant preachers, mostly from northern England who spread the ideas of the Friends during the second half of the Seventeenth Century, and were also called the First Publishers of Truth...
  
   Quakers, York, William Sessions, 1997 ISBN 1-85072-203-X
• ODNB article by Catie Gill, ‘Dewsbury, William (c.1621–1688)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 13 Nov 2008 Link to online version - subscription
• Catalogue of the Library of the Religious Society of Friends, London