Vratišinec
Encyclopedia
Vratišinec is a municipality
in Međimurje County, Croatia
.
The municipality is named after its seat, the village
of Vratišinec, located around 11 kilometres north of Čakovec
, the county seat of Međimurje County. The municipality also includes the village of Gornji Kraljevec and the hamlet
of Remis, located between Gornji Kraljevec and Sivica
.
In the 2001 census, the population of the village of Vratišinec was 1,524, while the population of the entire municipality was 2,213. The majority of the population (98 %) identified themselves as Croats
.
The railroad connecting Čakovec with Mursko Središće
and Lendava
goes through the municipality, with a small train station located in the village of Vratišinec.
. In 1478, it was mentioned as Bratischinecz. It was also mentioned as Wratissnicz in 1636, and as Vratissinecz in 1752. The toponym
is believed to have been derived from the male given name
Bratiša or Vratiša, which is derived from brat, the Croatian
word for "brother
". It was most likely the name of a local feudal
landlord
.
By the 18th century, there was a wooden chapel in the village. Around 1760, the local people built a new brick chapel to replace it. At the time, the village was part of the Selnica parish. On 1 November 1789, the Vratišinec parish was established and the chapel became its parish church
. The parish is named after the Exaltation of the Holy Cross
.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the village was already predominantly populated by Croats. In the 1910 census, it had a population of 646. It was part of the Čakovec district of Zala County in the Kingdom of Hungary
until the Treaty of Trianon
was signed in 1920. It then became part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
.
In 1941, the village became part of Hungary
again, as the entire Međimurje region was annexed by the Hungarians until 1945. After World War II
, it became part of Croatia
within the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia
and belonged to the Čakovec municipality until the early 1990s.
Following the independence of Croatia, the village of Vratišinec became the seat of a separate municipality, which was established in 1992. The municipality was reorganised in January 1997, with the villages of Peklenica
and Križovec
separating from it to become part of the wider area of the town of Mursko Središće, while Krištanovec and Žiškovec
did the same to become part of the wider area of the city of Čakovec. After the reorganisation, the Vratišinec municipality includes the villages of Vratišinec and Gornji Kraljevec, and the hamlet of Remis.
In 2008, the municipality unveiled a monument to the post-World War II victims of the communist
regime in Yugoslavia, as well as the local people who died defending Croatia during the Croatian War of Independence
. The monument is located just outside the village of Vratišinec, across the road from the local cemetery.
Municipalities of Croatia
A Municipality in Croatia is known as an općina . Though equal to Croatian Grads in administrative powers, they are usually more likely to consists of a collection of villages in more rural or suburban area, whereas Grads are more likely to cover urban area...
in Međimurje County, Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
.
The municipality is named after its seat, the village
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
of Vratišinec, located around 11 kilometres north of Čakovec
Cakovec
Čakovec is a city in northern Croatia, located around 90 kilometres north of Zagreb, the Croatian capital. Čakovec is both the county seat and largest city of Međimurje County, the northernmost, smallest and most densely populated Croatian county.-Population:...
, the county seat of Međimurje County. The municipality also includes the village of Gornji Kraljevec and the hamlet
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Remis, located between Gornji Kraljevec and Sivica
Sivica
Sivica is a village in Međimurje County, Croatia.The village is part of the Podturen municipality and had a population of 743 in the 2001 census. It is located around 9 kilometres from the centre of Čakovec, the county seat of Međimurje County...
.
In the 2001 census, the population of the village of Vratišinec was 1,524, while the population of the entire municipality was 2,213. The majority of the population (98 %) identified themselves as Croats
Croats
Croats are a South Slavic ethnic group mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 4 million Croats living inside Croatia and up to 4.5 million throughout the rest of the world. Responding to political, social and economic pressure, many Croats have...
.
The railroad connecting Čakovec with Mursko Središće
Mursko Središce
Mursko Središće is the northernmost city in Croatia, located at and one of the oldest localities in Međimurje county.Mursko Središće is a city with a total population of 6,334 , and an area of...
and Lendava
Lendava
Lendava is a town and a municipality in Slovenia in the region of Prekmurje. It is close to the border crossing with Hungary at Dolga vas-Rédics, and Hungarian is one of the official languages of the municipality, along with Slovene...
goes through the municipality, with a small train station located in the village of Vratišinec.
History
Vratišinec was first mentioned in 1458 as Bratrvsincz, and was originally an estate belonging to the Counts of CeljeCounts of Celje
The Counts of Cilli or Celje represent the most important medieval aristocratic and ruling house with roots and territory in present-day Slovenia....
. In 1478, it was mentioned as Bratischinecz. It was also mentioned as Wratissnicz in 1636, and as Vratissinecz in 1752. The toponym
Toponymy
Toponymy is the scientific study of place names , their origins, meanings, use and typology. The word "toponymy" is derived from the Greek words tópos and ónoma . Toponymy is itself a branch of onomastics, the study of names of all kinds...
is believed to have been derived from the male given name
Given name
A given name, in Western contexts often referred to as a first name, is a personal name that specifies and differentiates between members of a group of individuals, especially in a family, all of whose members usually share the same family name...
Bratiša or Vratiša, which is derived from brat, the Croatian
Croatian language
Croatian is the collective name for the standard language and dialects spoken by Croats, principally in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Serbian province of Vojvodina and other neighbouring countries...
word for "brother
Sibling
Siblings are people who share at least one parent. A male sibling is called a brother; and a female sibling is called a sister. In most societies throughout the world, siblings usually grow up together and spend a good deal of their childhood socializing with one another...
". It was most likely the name of a local feudal
Feudalism
Feudalism was a set of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries, which, broadly defined, was a system for ordering society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour.Although derived from the...
landlord
Landlord
A landlord is the owner of a house, apartment, condominium, or real estate which is rented or leased to an individual or business, who is called a tenant . When a juristic person is in this position, the term landlord is used. Other terms include lessor and owner...
.
By the 18th century, there was a wooden chapel in the village. Around 1760, the local people built a new brick chapel to replace it. At the time, the village was part of the Selnica parish. On 1 November 1789, the Vratišinec parish was established and the chapel became its parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
. The parish is named after the Exaltation of the Holy Cross
Feast of the Cross
In the Christian liturgical calendar, there are several different Feasts of the Cross, all of which commemorate the cross used in the crucifixion of Jesus....
.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the village was already predominantly populated by Croats. In the 1910 census, it had a population of 646. It was part of the Čakovec district of Zala County in the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
until the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
was signed in 1920. It then became part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a state stretching from the Western Balkans to Central Europe which existed during the often-tumultuous interwar era of 1918–1941...
.
In 1941, the village became part of Hungary
Hungary during World War II
Hungary during World War II was a member of the Axis powers. In the 1930s, the Kingdom of Hungary relied on increased trade with Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany to pull itself out of the Great Depression. By 1938, Hungarian politics and foreign policy had become increasingly pro-Fascist Italian and...
again, as the entire Međimurje region was annexed by the Hungarians until 1945. After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, it became part of Croatia
Socialist Republic of Croatia
Socialist Republic of Croatia was a sovereign constituent country of the second Yugoslavia. It came to existence during World War II, becoming a socialist state after the war, and was also renamed four times in its existence . It was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia by territory and...
within the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...
and belonged to the Čakovec municipality until the early 1990s.
Following the independence of Croatia, the village of Vratišinec became the seat of a separate municipality, which was established in 1992. The municipality was reorganised in January 1997, with the villages of Peklenica
Peklenica
Peklenica is a village in Međimurje County, Croatia. As of the 2001 census, there were 1347 inhabitants. The absolute majority of the population are Croats.-References:...
and Križovec
Križovec
Križovec is a small village in Međimurje County, Croatia, part of the town of Mursko Središće....
separating from it to become part of the wider area of the town of Mursko Središće, while Krištanovec and Žiškovec
Žiškovec
Žiškovec is a village in Međimurje County, Croatia.The village is administratively part of the wider area of Čakovec, the county seat of Međimurje County, and is located around 7 kilometres north of the centre of the city. Between 1992 and 1997, it was part of the Vratišinec municipality...
did the same to become part of the wider area of the city of Čakovec. After the reorganisation, the Vratišinec municipality includes the villages of Vratišinec and Gornji Kraljevec, and the hamlet of Remis.
In 2008, the municipality unveiled a monument to the post-World War II victims of the communist
Communism
Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
regime in Yugoslavia, as well as the local people who died defending Croatia during the Croatian War of Independence
Croatian War of Independence
The Croatian War of Independence was fought from 1991 to 1995 between forces loyal to the government of Croatia—which had declared independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia —and the Serb-controlled Yugoslav People's Army and local Serb forces, with the JNA ending its combat...
. The monument is located just outside the village of Vratišinec, across the road from the local cemetery.
Famous people
- Vinko ŽganecVinko ŽganecVinko Žganec is a well-known Croatian ethnomusicologist.Žganec was born in Vratišinec in Međimurje. He started to be interested in music early in his childhood and jotted down his first folk song in 1908. In 1916, he published his first book of Croatian folk songs from Međimurje...
(1890–1976), a Croatian ethnomusicologistEthnomusicologyEthnomusicology is defined as "the study of social and cultural aspects of music and dance in local and global contexts."Coined by the musician Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος ethnos and μουσική mousike , it is often considered the anthropology or ethnography of music...
, was born in Vratišinec.