Viscount Falkland
Encyclopedia
Peerage of Scotland
The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...
. It was created in 1620 for Sir Henry Cary
Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland
Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland ; son of a Hertfordshire knight; said to have studied at Oxford; served abroad; gentleman of the bedchamber to King James I; K.B., 1608; controller of the household, 1617-21; created Viscount Falkland in the Scottish peerage, 1620; lord-deputy of Ireland, 1622;...
, although he was actually English and had no connection to Scotland. He was made Lord Cary at the same time, also in the Peerage of Scotland. His son, the second Viscount, was a prominent statesman. The latter's younger son, the fourth Viscount (who succeeded his elder brother), notably served as Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire
Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire. Since 1689, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Oxfordshire.*Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk 1545*vacant?*Sir Francis Knollys in 1565...
. His son, the fifth Viscount, represented several constituencies in the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
and held office as First Lord of the Admiralty from 1693 to 1694.
On his death the line of the second Viscount failed and the peerages were inherited by the late Viscount's second cousin, the sixth Viscount. He was the grandson of the Hon. Patrick Cary
Patrick Cary
Patrick Cary was an English poet, an early user in English of the triolet form.-Life:He was a younger son of Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland, by Elizabeth Cary née Tanfield. At an early age he was sent to France, to be brought up a Catholic...
, fifth son of the first Viscount. A lifelong adherent of the exiled Royal Family of Stuart, he was created, on 13 December 1722, by James Francis Edward Stuart
James Francis Edward Stuart
James Francis Edward, Prince of Wales was the son of the deposed James II of England...
(recognised by Jacobites
Jacobitism
Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...
as "King James III") Earl of Falkland, in the Jacobite Peerage
Jacobite peerage
After the deposition by the English parliament in February 1689 of King James II and VII from the thrones of England and Ireland , he and his successors continued to create peers and baronets, which they believed was their right...
. He also embraced the Roman Catholic faith. His great-great-grandson, the tenth Viscount, was a colonial administrator and Liberal
Liberal Party (UK)
The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day...
politician. In 1832 he was created Baron Hunsdon, of Scutterskelfe in the County of York, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
. This title gave him an automatic seat in the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
but became extinct on his death in 1884. The Scottish titles were inherited by his younger brother, the eleventh Viscount. He was an Admiral in the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
.
His nephew, the twelfth Viscount, sat in the House of Lords as a Scottish Representative Peer
Representative peer
In the United Kingdom, representative peers were those peers elected by the members of the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland to sit in the British House of Lords...
from 1894 to 1922. He was succeeded by his son, the thirteenth Viscount, who served as a Scottish Representative Peer between 1922 and 1931. the titles are held by the latter's grandson, the fifteenth Viscount, who succeeded his father in 1984. He is one of the ninety elected hereditary peer
Hereditary peer
Hereditary peers form part of the Peerage in the United Kingdom. There are over seven hundred peers who hold titles that may be inherited. Formerly, most of them were entitled to sit in the House of Lords, but since the House of Lords Act 1999 only ninety-two are permitted to do so...
s that were allowed to remain in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999
House of Lords Act 1999
The House of Lords Act 1999 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that was given Royal Assent on 11 November 1999. The Act reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats;...
. Lord Falkland sits on the Liberal Democrat
Liberal Democrats
The Liberal Democrats are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom which supports constitutional and electoral reform, progressive taxation, wealth taxation, human rights laws, cultural liberalism, banking reform and civil liberties .The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the...
benches.
Theoretically all viscount
Viscount
A viscount or viscountess is a member of the European nobility whose comital title ranks usually, as in the British peerage, above a baron, below an earl or a count .-Etymology:...
cies in the Peerage of Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
have "of" in their titles, but most Scottish Viscounts have dropped the practice of using "of." The only ones who persist in the usage of the word are the Viscount of Arbuthnott
Viscount of Arbuthnott
The title Viscount of Arbuthnott was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1641, along with the title Lord Inverbervie, for Sir Robert Arbuthnot.The Viscount of Arbuthnott is the hereditary Clan Chief of Clan Arbuthnott....
, and, to a lesser extent, the Viscount of Oxfuird
Viscount of Oxfuird
Viscount of Oxfuird is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1651 for Sir James Makgill, 1st Baronet, along with the subsidiary title of Lord Makgill of Cousland, also in the Peerage of Scotland, with remainder to his "heirs male of tailzie and provision whomsoever"...
.
The Viscounts Falkland take their title from the Scottish royal
Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which the office of head of state is usually held until death or abdication and is often hereditary and includes a royal house. In some cases, the monarch is elected...
residence Falkland Palace
Falkland Palace
Falkland Palace in Falkland, Fife, Scotland, is a former royal palace of the Scottish Kings. Today it is in the care of the National Trust for Scotland, and serves as a tourist attraction.-Early years:...
, Falkland
Falkland, Fife
Falkland is a town and former royal burgh, formerly known as the Parish of Kilgour c1300AD in Fife, Scotland at the foot of the Lomond Hills.According to the 2008 population estimate, the village has a population of 1,180.- History :...
, Fife
Fife
Fife is a council area and former county of Scotland. It is situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland boundaries to Perth and Kinross and Clackmannanshire...
, Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
. However, despite holding two Scottish peerages, the Cary family are of English
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
origin.
There is a statue of Viscount Falkland in St Stephens Hall, in the Houses of Parliament
Palace of Westminster
The Palace of Westminster, also known as the Houses of Parliament or Westminster Palace, is the meeting place of the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom—the House of Lords and the House of Commons...
. On the 27 April 1909, a suffragette
Suffragette
"Suffragette" is a term coined by the Daily Mail newspaper as a derogatory label for members of the late 19th and early 20th century movement for women's suffrage in the United Kingdom, in particular members of the Women's Social and Political Union...
named Marjory Hume, chained herself to the statue, shouting "Deeds not words". When the chains were removed the top half of the spur on Falklands's right boot was broken off, the damage can be seen to this day. It is a common misconception that the Falkland's sword was broken during this incident. Instead the sword broke shortly after the statue was installed in St Stephens Hall.
The Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands are an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, located about from the coast of mainland South America. The archipelago consists of East Falkland, West Falkland and 776 lesser islands. The capital, Stanley, is on East Falkland...
are named after Anthony Cary, 5th Viscount Falkland.
Viscounts (of) Falkland (1620)
- Henry Cary, 1st Viscount FalklandHenry Cary, 1st Viscount FalklandHenry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland ; son of a Hertfordshire knight; said to have studied at Oxford; served abroad; gentleman of the bedchamber to King James I; K.B., 1608; controller of the household, 1617-21; created Viscount Falkland in the Scottish peerage, 1620; lord-deputy of Ireland, 1622;...
(c. 1575–1633) - Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount FalklandLucius Cary, 2nd Viscount FalklandLucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland was an English author and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1642...
(1610–1643) - Lucius Cary, 3rd Viscount Falkland (1632–1649)
- Henry Cary, 4th Viscount FalklandHenry Cary, 4th Viscount FalklandHenry Cary, 4th Viscount Falkland was a Scottish nobleman and Member of the Parliament of England; the son of Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland.Cary inherited his title after his brother Lucius Cary died in 1649...
(1634–1663) - Anthony Cary, 5th Viscount Falkland (1656–1694)
- Lucius Henry Cary, 6th Viscount Falkland (1687–1730)
- Lucius Charles Cary, 7th Viscount Falkland (c. 1707–1785)
- Henry Thomas Cary, 8th Viscount Falkland (1766–1796)
- Charles John Cary, 9th Viscount Falkland (1768–1809)
- Lucius Bentinck Cary, 10th Viscount FalklandLucius Cary, 10th Viscount FalklandLucius Bentinck Cary, 10th Viscount Falkland GCH, PC was a British colonial administrator and Liberal politician.-Background:Falkland was the son of Charles John Cary, 9th Viscount Falkland, and his wife Christiana...
(1803–1884) - Plantagenet Pierrepont Cary, 11th Viscount Falkland (1806–1886)
- Byron Plantagenet Cary, 12th Viscount Falkland (1845–1922)
- Lucius Plantagenet Cary, 13th Viscount Falkland (1880–1961)
- Lucius Henry Charles Plantagenet Cary, 14th Viscount Falkland (1905–1984)
- Lucius Edward William Plantagenet Cary, 15th Viscount FalklandLucius Cary, 15th Viscount FalklandLucius Edward William Plantagenet Cary, 15th Viscount Falkland is a Liberal Democrat politician and peer. He is the elder son of Lucius Cary, 14th Viscount Falkland and Constance Mary Berry.Cary was educated at Wellington College....
(b. 1935)
The heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
is the present holder's son Lucius Alexander Plantagenet Cary, Master of Falkland
Alexander Cary, Master of Falkland
Lucius Alexander Plantagenet Cary is the only son and heir of Lucius Cary, the 15th Viscount Falkland, by his first wife Caroline Anne Butler. As heir to Viscount Falkland he has the courtesy title of Master of Falkland. The Master uses Alexander as first name.He married actress Linda Purl, with...
(b. 1963).