Vileyka
Encyclopedia
Vileyka viˈlʲejkə – town in Republic of Belarus
, the capital of the Vileyka Raion
in the Minsk Voblast. It is located on the river Viliya, 100 km to northwest from Minsk. First documental record: 16 November 1460.
Time zone: II (GMT +2 hours). Population of Vileyka district in 2009: 55 thousand people (Vileyka 28.5 thousand). International phone code: +375 1771 xxxxx. Postal index: 222410.
The 43rd Russian Navy's long-haul communications
center is located near Vileyka (54°27′50"N 26°46′40"E). It provides VLF communication between Russian Navy's headquarters and atomic submarines in Atlantic, Indian and part of Pacific ocean.
as manor house
Kurenets. The town was first mentioned in 1460 as a borough center of the Vileyka Starostwo of the Ashmyany county in Grand Duchy of Lithuania
.
region, 100 kilometers away from Minsk. The town’s population numbers 30,000 people. There is a railway station of the Molodechno-Polotsk line in the town. The roads to Maladzechna, Smarhoń
, Myadzel, Dokshytsy
, Pleshchanitsy run through the town. The town’s industry is represented by the Zenit plant, wood processing enterprises (including furniture factory), motor repair plant, building materials plants, light and food enterprises. Vileyka also houses the Museum of Regional Studies.
The territory of the Vileyka district is 2400 km². Forests account for 41% of the territory. The main part of the district is situated in the borders of Narach
-Vileyka lowland. In the year 1974, near the town of Vileyka there was built Belarus's largest artificial reservoir — Vileyka Lake with a total area of 63.3 km² and volume of 238 million cubic meters.
with: Mozhaysk
, Russia
Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi
, Ukraine
Willmar, Minnesota
, USA
Belarus
Belarus , officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno , Gomel ,...
, the capital of the Vileyka Raion
Vileyka Raion
Vileyka Raion is a second-level administrative subdivision of Belarus in the north-west of Minsk Voblast. Its capital is the town of Vileyka....
in the Minsk Voblast. It is located on the river Viliya, 100 km to northwest from Minsk. First documental record: 16 November 1460.
Time zone: II (GMT +2 hours). Population of Vileyka district in 2009: 55 thousand people (Vileyka 28.5 thousand). International phone code: +375 1771 xxxxx. Postal index: 222410.
The 43rd Russian Navy's long-haul communications
Long-haul communications
In telecommunication, the term long-haul communications has the following meanings:1. In public switched networks, pertaining to circuits that span large distances, such as the circuits in inter-LATA, interstate, and international communications...
center is located near Vileyka (54°27′50"N 26°46′40"E). It provides VLF communication between Russian Navy's headquarters and atomic submarines in Atlantic, Indian and part of Pacific ocean.
History
In X–XIII centuries the territory was under Kingdom of Polotsk, and in XIV-XVII under Grand Duchy of LithuaniaGrand Duchy of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state from the 12th /13th century until 1569 and then as a constituent part of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1791 when Constitution of May 3, 1791 abolished it in favor of unitary state. It was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic...
as manor house
Manor house
A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...
Kurenets. The town was first mentioned in 1460 as a borough center of the Vileyka Starostwo of the Ashmyany county in Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state from the 12th /13th century until 1569 and then as a constituent part of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1791 when Constitution of May 3, 1791 abolished it in favor of unitary state. It was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic...
.
- 1635 - Władysław IV VasaWładysław IV VasaWładysław IV Vasa was a Polish and Swedish prince from the House of Vasa. He reigned as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 8 November 1632 to his death in 1648....
bestowed Vileyka upon Aleksander Korwin GosiewskiAleksander Korwin GosiewskiAleksander Korwin Gosiewski was a Polish szlachcic of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was Recorder of Lithuania from 1610, Grand Clerk of Lithuania from 1615, Voivode of Smolensk Voivodeship from 1625, Field Clerk of Lithuania 1630, Starost of Puńsk and Velizh...
"for exclusive service to the state". - 1765 - Vileyka has 30 houses, 165 inhabitants, and became a county center.
- 1793 - during Second Partition of PolandSecond Partition of PolandThe 1793 Second Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the second of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition occurred in the aftermath of the War in Defense of the Constitution and the Targowica Confederation of 1792...
the town goes to Russian EmpireRussian EmpireThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
. - 1795 - under the decree of Catherine II of RussiaCatherine II of RussiaCatherine II, also known as Catherine the Great , Empress of Russia, was born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia on as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg...
the town receives a city status and became a center of Vileyka uyezdUyezdUyezd or uezd was an administrative subdivision of Rus', Muscovy, Russian Empire, and the early Russian SFSR which was in use from the 13th century. Uyezds for most of the history in Russia were a secondary-level of administrative division...
in Minsk GovernorateMinsk GovernorateThe Minsk Governorate or Government of Minsk was a governorate of the Russian Empire. The seat was in Minsk. It was created in 1793 from the land acquired in the partitions of Poland, and lasted until 1921.- Administrative structure :...
, then Vilna GovernorateVilna GovernorateThe Vilna Governorate or Government of Vilna was a governorate of the Russian Empire created after the Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795...
(1842–1917). - 1810, May 24 - almost all the city destroyed by the fire.
- 1861 - 2931 inhabitants, 1880 – 3450, by the end of XIX century - more than 3500 inhabitants.
- 1906 - big sawmillSawmillA sawmill is a facility where logs are cut into boards.-Sawmill process:A sawmill's basic operation is much like those of hundreds of years ago; a log enters on one end and dimensional lumber exits on the other end....
started. - 1907 - the city acquires a branch of Warsaw – Saint Petersburg RailwayWarsaw – Saint Petersburg RailwayThe Saint Petersburg – Warsaw Railway, Russian "Санкт-Петербурго-Варшавская железная дорога" is a long railway, built in the 19th century by the Russian Empire to connect Russia with Central Europe. At the time the entire railway was within Russia, as Warsaw was under a Russian partition of Poland...
and a city station. - 1915, September 14 - occupied by German Army, but several days later was moved back by Russian Army during Sventiany OffensiveSventiany OffensiveThe Sventiany Offensive was a military operation mostly undertaken by the 10th German Army against the 10th Russian Army as part of the Eastern Front during World War I. On September 9, 1915, four German cavalry divisions, enforced from September 13 by two others, filled the gap in the Russian...
. - 1917, November 8 - Soviets came to power during October RevolutionOctober RevolutionThe October Revolution , also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution , Red October, the October Uprising or the Bolshevik Revolution, was a political revolution and a part of the Russian Revolution of 1917...
- 1918, December - occupied by German Army
- 1919 - as a result of Polish–Soviet War the city left under Poland, becoming the center of the Wilejka county in Wilno VoivodeshipWilno VoivodeshipThe Wilno Voivodeship was one of Voivodeships in the Second Polish Republic, with the capital in Wilno. It was created in 1926 and populated predominantly by Poles with notable minorities of Belarusians, Jews, and Lithuanians....
(1923–1939) - 1939 - annexed back to Soviet Union under Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. Was made the center of the Vileyka VoblastVileyka VoblastVileyka Voblast was a territorial unit in the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic created out of the eastern powiats of the Wilno Voivodeship after the annexation of West Belarus into the BSSR in November 1939. The administrative centre of the province was the city of Vileyka. The Voblast...
of BSSR. - 1941, June 26 - the town was occupied by German Nazis, who massacred over 15,000 civilians, including 6,972 Jewish people and ruined the town to the ground.
- Several hundred people, mostly Polish political prisoners, sick and wounded, were executed prior to the departure of the occupying Soviet guards on June 24, 1941.
- 1944, July 3 - Russian Army has cleared town from Nazis in the frames of Operation Bagration
- 1944 - the center of the Vileyka RaionVileyka RaionVileyka Raion is a second-level administrative subdivision of Belarus in the north-west of Minsk Voblast. Its capital is the town of Vileyka....
. - 1954 - furniture plant started.
- 1959 - repair plant started.
- 1973 - "Zenit-BelOMO" optical plant started
- 1973 - Vileyka reservoir started
- 1998 - Vileyka hydropower station started
Nowadays
The modern town is located on the right shore of the river Viliya, in northwest part of the MinskMinsk
- Ecological situation :The ecological situation is monitored by Republican Center of Radioactive and Environmental Control .During 2003–2008 the overall weight of contaminants increased from 186,000 to 247,400 tons. The change of gas as industrial fuel to mazut for financial reasons has worsened...
region, 100 kilometers away from Minsk. The town’s population numbers 30,000 people. There is a railway station of the Molodechno-Polotsk line in the town. The roads to Maladzechna, Smarhoń
Smarhoń
Smarhoń is a city in Hrodna Voblast, Belarus. It is located at . It was the site of Smarhoń air base, now mostly abandoned. Smarhoń is located 107 km from the capital, Minsk....
, Myadzel, Dokshytsy
Dokshytsy
Dokshytsy or Dokshitsy is a village in the Vitebsk Region of Belarus with a significant Chassidic history. It is southwest of Vitebsk and a kilometer from the source of the Berezina River...
, Pleshchanitsy run through the town. The town’s industry is represented by the Zenit plant, wood processing enterprises (including furniture factory), motor repair plant, building materials plants, light and food enterprises. Vileyka also houses the Museum of Regional Studies.
The territory of the Vileyka district is 2400 km². Forests account for 41% of the territory. The main part of the district is situated in the borders of Narach
Narach
Narach or Naroch may refer to*Lake Narach, Belarus*Narach , Belarus*Narach , Belarus*Narach River, Belarus...
-Vileyka lowland. In the year 1974, near the town of Vileyka there was built Belarus's largest artificial reservoir — Vileyka Lake with a total area of 63.3 km² and volume of 238 million cubic meters.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Vileyka is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Mozhaysk
Mozhaysk
Mozhaysk is a town and the administrative center of Mozhaysky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located to the west from the Russian capital, on the historic road leading to Smolensk and then to Poland. Population:...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi
Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi
Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi is a town located where Alta River flows into Trubizh River in the Kiev Oblast in central Ukraine. Serving as the administrative center of the Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi Raion , the town itself is also designated as a separate raion within the oblast...
, Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
Willmar, Minnesota
Willmar, Minnesota
As of the census of 2000, there were 18,351 people, 7,302 households, and 4,461 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,549.9 people per square mile . There were 7,789 housing units at an average density of 657.8 per square mile...
, USA