United States Ambassador to Algeria
Encyclopedia
The Ambassador of the United States to Algeria is the official representative of the President of the United States
to the head of state
of Algeria
.
Until 1962, Algeria had been under the dominion of France. Independence from France was formally declared on July 3, 1962. The United States and France both formally recognized
Algeria on that same day. The Algerian government had recognized the United States in 1795, but formal diplomatic relations
had not been established.
The U.S. has had consular representation
in Algeria intermittently since 1796. On September 29, 1962, diplomatic relations between Algeria and the United States were formally established when the U.S. Consulate General in Algiers
was raised to embassy status. William J. Porter
was appointed as the first chargé d'affaires
ad interim
pending appointment of an ambassador to Algiers. He was promoted to ambassador
on November 29, 1962.
Algeria severed diplomatic relations with the United States on June 6, 1967, in the wake of the June 1967 Arab-Israeli War
. A U.S. Interests Section was established in the Swiss Embassy. The United States and Algeria reestablished diplomatic relations, and their respective embassies in Algiers and Washington reopened on November 12, 1974.
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
to the head of state
Head of State
A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
of Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
.
Until 1962, Algeria had been under the dominion of France. Independence from France was formally declared on July 3, 1962. The United States and France both formally recognized
Diplomatic recognition
Diplomatic recognition in international law is a unilateral political act with domestic and international legal consequences, whereby a state acknowledges an act or status of another state or government in control of a state...
Algeria on that same day. The Algerian government had recognized the United States in 1795, but formal diplomatic relations
Diplomacy
Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting negotiations between representatives of groups or states...
had not been established.
The U.S. has had consular representation
Consul
Consul was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire. The title was also used in other city states and also revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic...
in Algeria intermittently since 1796. On September 29, 1962, diplomatic relations between Algeria and the United States were formally established when the U.S. Consulate General in Algiers
Algiers
' is the capital and largest city of Algeria. According to the 1998 census, the population of the city proper was 1,519,570 and that of the urban agglomeration was 2,135,630. In 2009, the population was about 3,500,000...
was raised to embassy status. William J. Porter
William J. Porter
William James Porter was a United States diplomat who from 1971 to 1973 headed the U.S. delegation to the Paris Peace Talks to end the Vietnam War.-Biography:...
was appointed as the first chargé d'affaires
Chargé d'affaires
In diplomacy, chargé d’affaires , often shortened to simply chargé, is the title of two classes of diplomatic agents who head a diplomatic mission, either on a temporary basis or when no more senior diplomat has been accredited.-Chargés d’affaires:Chargés d’affaires , who were...
ad interim
Ad interim
The Latin phrase ad interim literally means "in the time between" denotes the meaning of "in the meantime", "for an intervening time" or "temporarily" in the English language...
pending appointment of an ambassador to Algiers. He was promoted to ambassador
Ambassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
on November 29, 1962.
Algeria severed diplomatic relations with the United States on June 6, 1967, in the wake of the June 1967 Arab-Israeli War
Six-Day War
The Six-Day War , also known as the June War, 1967 Arab-Israeli War, or Third Arab-Israeli War, was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967, by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt , Jordan, and Syria...
. A U.S. Interests Section was established in the Swiss Embassy. The United States and Algeria reestablished diplomatic relations, and their respective embassies in Algiers and Washington reopened on November 12, 1974.
Ambassadors and chiefs of mission
- William J. PorterWilliam J. PorterWilliam James Porter was a United States diplomat who from 1971 to 1973 headed the U.S. delegation to the Paris Peace Talks to end the Vietnam War.-Biography:...
– Career FSO- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: July 3, 1962
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: Promoted to ambassador, November 17, 1962
- William J. PorterWilliam J. PorterWilliam James Porter was a United States diplomat who from 1971 to 1973 headed the U.S. delegation to the Paris Peace Talks to end the Vietnam War.-Biography:...
– Career FSO- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: November 29, 1962
- Presented credentials: December 17, 1962
- Terminated mission: Left post July 29, 1965
- John D. Jernegan – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: July 22, 1965
- Presented credentials: October 13, 1965
- Terminated mission: Left post June 10, 1967 after Algeria severed diplomatic relations with the U.S.
- From 1967–1974, the United States maintained an Interests SectionProtecting powerA protecting power is a state which somehow protects another state, and/or represents the interests of the protected state's citizens in a third state....
through the SwissSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
embassy in Algeria. The chiefs of mission (titled Principal Officer) at the U.S. Interests Section were:- Lewis Hoffacker (1967–1969)
- William L. Eagleton, Jr.William L. EagletonWilliam Lester Eagleton, Jr. was a United States Foreign Service Officer and diplomat.-Early life:Born in Peoria, Illinois, Eagleton served in the United States Navy from 1944–46, and graduated from Yale University in 1948. He joined the U.S...
(1969–1974)
- Richard Bordeaux ParkerRichard Bordeaux ParkerRichard Bordeaux Parker was a United States Foreign Service Officer and an expert on the Middle East.He is the brother of David Stuart Parker-Early life:...
– Career FSO- Title: Chargé d'Affaires a.i.
- Appointed: November 12, 1974
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: Promoted to ambassador, December 18, 1974
- Richard Bordeaux ParkerRichard Bordeaux ParkerRichard Bordeaux Parker was a United States Foreign Service Officer and an expert on the Middle East.He is the brother of David Stuart Parker-Early life:...
– Career FSO- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: December 18, 1974
- Presented credentials: January 17, 1975
- Terminated mission: Left post February 12, 1977
- Ulric St. Clair Haynes, Jr.Ulric HaynesUlric St. Clair Haynes, Jr. is a former United States Ambassador to Algeria . He is a member of the American Academy of Diplomacy, Council of American Ambassadors and Council on Foreign Relations....
– Political appointee- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 11, 1977
- Presented credentials: July 13, 1977
- Terminated mission: Left post January 28, 1981
- Michael H. Newlin – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: September 28, 1981
- Presented credentials: October 28, 1981
- Terminated mission: Left post July 21, 1985
- L. Craig JohnstoneL. Craig JohnstoneL. Craig Johnstone is UN Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees and former United States Ambassador to Algeria . He is a member of the American Academy of Diplomacy and Council on Foreign Relations....
– Career FSO- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: July 12, 1985
- Presented credentials: September 9, 1985
- Terminated mission: Left post July 10, 1988
- Christopher W.S. RossChristopher W.S. RossChristopher W.S. Ross is a United States State Department official and former United States Ambassador to Algeria and Syria. On January 7, 2009 he was appointed to be the new UN envoy to Western Sahara. He was until recently a special adviser for the Middle East and North Africa at the U.S....
– Career FSO- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: August 12, 1988
- Presented credentials: September 20, 1988
- Terminated mission: Left post August 14, 1991
- Mary Ann CaseyMary Ann CaseyMary Ann Casey is a retired career Foreign Service Officer and U.S. Ambassador to Algeria and Tunisia ....
– Career FSO- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: July 2, 1991
- Presented credentials: September 8, 1991
- Terminated mission: Left post October 19, 1994
- Ronald E. NeumannRonald E. NeumannRonald E. Neumann was formerly the United States Ambassador to Afghanistan and previously served as ambassador to Bahrain and Algeria . He is the son of former ambassador Robert G. Neumann and traveled extensively after college in Afghanistan while his father was ambassador there...
– Career FSO- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: July 5, 1994
- Presented credentials: September 18, 1994
- Terminated mission: Left post September 19, 1997
- Cameron R. HumeCameron R. HumeCameron R. Hume is the United States Ambassador to Indonesia. He presented his credentials on August 1, 2007.Hume is a member of the United States Foreign Service, rank of Career Minister. His earlier assignments included Italy, Tunisia, Syria, Lebanon, the United Nations, and the Holy See...
– Career FSO- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: November 10, 1997
- Presented credentials: December 28, 1997
- Terminated mission: Left post September 13, 2000
- Janet A. Sanderson – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: September 15, 2000
- Presented credentials: October 30, 2000
- Terminated mission: Left post May 13, 2003
- Richard W. Erdman – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 23, 2003
- Presented credentials: July 26, 2003
- Terminated mission: Left post January 9, 2006
- Robert Stephen Ford – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 30, 2006
- Presented credentials: September 4, 2006
- Terminated mission: Left post June 26, 2008
- David D. Pearce – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: August 4, 2008
- Presented credentials: September 2, 2008
- Terminated mission: c. April 2011
- W. William Jordan – Career FSO
- Deputy Chief of Mission April–August 2011
- Henry S. Ensher – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed:
- Presented credentials: August 10, 2011
- Terminated mission: Incumbent
See also
- Algeria – United States relations
- Foreign relations of AlgeriaForeign relations of AlgeriaAlgeria has traditionally practiced an activist foreign policy. In the 1960s and 1970s, Algeria was noted for its support of Third World policies and independence movements.- President Bouteflika :...
- Ambassadors of the United States