United Nations Security Council Resolution 686
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
686, adopted on March 2, 1991, after reaffirming resolutions 660
, 661
, 662
, 664
, 665
, 666
, 667
, 669
, 670
, 674
, 677
and 678
(all 1990), the Council noted the suspension of military activities against Iraq
and that all twelve resolutions continue to have full force and effect.
The resolution went on to demand that Iraq implement these twelve resolutions, as well as rescinding its actions regarding the annexation of Kuwait
, accept liability under international law
for any loss, damage or injury in Kuwait, release any Kuwaiti or foreign nationals alive or deceased, and calling for the return of property seized by Iraq.
Resolution 686 also demanded that Iraq:
end hostile and provocative actions by its forces against all Member States, including missile attacks; arrange for a ceasefire
at the earliest possible time by designating military commanders to meet with its foreign counterparts; arrange for the release and immediate access to all prisoners of war
under the auspices of the International Committee of the Red Cross
; provide information identifying Iraqi mines, booby traps as well as any chemical
and biological weapons
in land or water.
The Council also requested international organisations as well as agencies of the United Nations to co-operate with the Government of Kuwait in the reconstruction of their country, deciding that Iraq should inform the Secretary-General and Security Council when it has undertaken actions set out in the current resolution.
Resolution 686 was passed by 11 votes to 1 against (Cuba
) with three abstentions from China
, India
, and Yemen
.
Iraq later made concessions on March 5 relating the resolution, including the repeal of Iraqi laws and regulations in Kuwait.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
686, adopted on March 2, 1991, after reaffirming resolutions 660
United Nations Security Council Resolution 660
United Nations Security Council Resolution 660, adopted on August 2, 1990, after noting its alarm of the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq, the Council condemned the invasion and demanded Iraq withdraw immediately and unconditionally to positions as they were on August 1, 1990.Yemen called upon Iraq and...
, 661
United Nations Security Council Resolution 661
In United Nations Security Council Resolution 661, adopted on August 6, 1990, reaffirming Resolution 660 and noting Iraq's refusal to comply with it and Kuwait's right of self-defence, the Council took steps to implement international sanctions on Iraq under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter...
, 662
United Nations Security Council Resolution 662
United Nations Security Council Resolution 662, adopted unanimously on August 9, 1990, recalling resolutions 660 and 661 , the Council decided that the annexation of Kuwait by Iraq under any form was illegal....
, 664
United Nations Security Council Resolution 664
United Nations Security Council Resolution 664, adopted unanimously on August 18, 1990, reaffirming resolutions 660 , 661 and 662 , the Council recalled Iraq's obligations under international law and acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, demanded that Iraq permit and facilitate...
, 665
United Nations Security Council Resolution 665
United Nations Security Council Resolution 665, adopted on August 25, 1990, after demanding the full and immediate implementation of resolutions 660, 661, 662 and 664, the Council authorised a naval blockade to enforce the embargo against Iraq, in the aftermath of its invasion of Kuwait on August...
, 666
United Nations Security Council Resolution 666
United Nations Security Council Resolution 666, adopted on September 13, 1990, after recalling resolutions 661 and 664 which discussed the humanitarian situation in Iraq and Kuwait and the detention of nationals from foreign countries, the Council decided to ask the Security Council Committee to...
, 667
United Nations Security Council Resolution 667
United Nations Security Council Resolution 667, adopted unanimously on September 16, 1990, after recalling resolutions 660 , 661 , 664 , 665 and 666 , the Council expressed its outrage and condemned "aggressive acts" by Iraq against diplomatic missions and personnel in occupied Kuwait, including...
, 669
United Nations Security Council Resolution 669
United Nations Security Council Resolution 669, adopted unanimously on September 24, 1990, after recalling Resolution 661 and Article 50 of Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the Council was conscious of the increasing number of requests for assistance have been received under Article 50,...
, 670
United Nations Security Council Resolution 670
United Nations Security Council Resolution 670, adopted on September 25, 1990, after recalling resolutions 660 , 661 , 662 , 664 , 665 , 666 and 667 on the topic of Iraq, the Council condemned the continued Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, the violence against Kuwaiti citizens and its defiance of...
, 674
United Nations Security Council Resolution 674
United Nations Security Council Resolution 674, adopted on October 29, 1990, after recalling resolutions 660 , 661 , 662 , 664 , 665 , 666 , 667 and 670 on the topic of Iraq, the Council condemned the continuing situation in occupied Kuwait after the Iraqi invasion on August 2, 1990, reaffirming...
, 677
United Nations Security Council Resolution 677
United Nations Security Council Resolution 677, adopted unanimously on November 28, 1990, after recalling resolutions 660 , 662 and 674 , the Council condemned attempts by Iraq to alter the demographic information of Kuwait and the restrictions on the movement of its citizens.Acting under Chapter...
and 678
United Nations Security Council Resolution 678
United Nations Security Council Resolution 678, adopted on November 29, 1990, after reaffirming resolutions 660, 661, 662, 664, 665, 666, 667, 669, 670, 674 and 677 , the Council noted that despite all the United Nations efforts, Iraq continued to defy the Security Council.-Details:The Council,...
(all 1990), the Council noted the suspension of military activities against Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
and that all twelve resolutions continue to have full force and effect.
The resolution went on to demand that Iraq implement these twelve resolutions, as well as rescinding its actions regarding the annexation of Kuwait
Kuwait
The State of Kuwait is a sovereign Arab state situated in the north-east of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south at Khafji, and Iraq to the north at Basra. It lies on the north-western shore of the Persian Gulf. The name Kuwait is derived from the...
, accept liability under international law
International law
Public international law concerns the structure and conduct of sovereign states; analogous entities, such as the Holy See; and intergovernmental organizations. To a lesser degree, international law also may affect multinational corporations and individuals, an impact increasingly evolving beyond...
for any loss, damage or injury in Kuwait, release any Kuwaiti or foreign nationals alive or deceased, and calling for the return of property seized by Iraq.
Resolution 686 also demanded that Iraq:
end hostile and provocative actions by its forces against all Member States, including missile attacks; arrange for a ceasefire
Ceasefire
A ceasefire is a temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions. Ceasefires may be declared as part of a formal treaty, but they have also been called as part of an informal understanding between opposing forces...
at the earliest possible time by designating military commanders to meet with its foreign counterparts; arrange for the release and immediate access to all prisoners of war
Prisoner of war
A prisoner of war or enemy prisoner of war is a person, whether civilian or combatant, who is held in custody by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict...
under the auspices of the International Committee of the Red Cross
International Committee of the Red Cross
The International Committee of the Red Cross is a private humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland. States parties to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 and 2005, have given the ICRC a mandate to protect the victims of international and...
; provide information identifying Iraqi mines, booby traps as well as any chemical
Chemical warfare
Chemical warfare involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons. This type of warfare is distinct from Nuclear warfare and Biological warfare, which together make up NBC, the military acronym for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical...
and biological weapons
Biological warfare
Biological warfare is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi with intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war...
in land or water.
The Council also requested international organisations as well as agencies of the United Nations to co-operate with the Government of Kuwait in the reconstruction of their country, deciding that Iraq should inform the Secretary-General and Security Council when it has undertaken actions set out in the current resolution.
Resolution 686 was passed by 11 votes to 1 against (Cuba
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
) with three abstentions from China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, and Yemen
Yemen
The Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east....
.
Iraq later made concessions on March 5 relating the resolution, including the repeal of Iraqi laws and regulations in Kuwait.
See also
- Gulf WarGulf WarThe Persian Gulf War , commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.The war is also known under other names, such as the First Gulf...
- Invasion of KuwaitInvasion of KuwaitThe Invasion of Kuwait, also known as the Iraq-Kuwait War, was a major conflict between the Republic of Iraq and the State of Kuwait, which resulted in the seven-month long Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, which subsequently led to direct military intervention by United States-led forces in the Gulf...
- Iraq–Kuwait relationsIraq–Kuwait relationsThe international relations of Iraq and Kuwait have been turbulent, fuelled by Iraqi debt and conflicts over oil.-History:In 1990, Iraq accused Kuwait of stealing Iraqi oil through slant drilling, however some Iraqi sources indicated Saddam Hussein's decision to attack Kuwait was made only a few...
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 601 to 700 (1987 – 1991)