United Nations Security Council Resolution 445
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
445, adopted on March 8, 1979, after recalling resolutions 253
(1968), 403
(1977), 411
(1977), 423
(1978), 424
(1978) and 437
(1978), and hearing representations from various countries, the Council expressed its concern about the military operations undertaken by the "illegal regime" against countries both bordering and non-contiguous with Southern Rhodesia
. The Council was also indignant at the execution and sentences against persons under repressive laws.
Resolution 445 continued to express concern at Member States who were to send observers to the "so-called elections
" in April 1979, the result of which the Council would not recognise. The Council also commended Angola
, Mozambique
, Zambia
and other states for their support for the people of Zimbabwe
, encouraging other Member States to provide support to them.
Finally, the Council proposed to extend and widen the international sanctions
against Southern Rhodesia, asking the Committee established in Resolution 253 to consider further measures and report back to the Council by March 23, 1979.
The resolution passed with 12 votes to none against, with 3 abstentions from France
, the United Kingdom
and United States
.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
445, adopted on March 8, 1979, after recalling resolutions 253
United Nations Security Council Resolution 253
United Nations Security Council Resolution 253, adopted unanimously on May 29, 1968, after reaffirming previous resolutions, the Council noted with concern that the measures taken so far have failed to bring the rebellion in Southern Rhodesia to an end and condemned the recent "inhuman executions...
(1968), 403
United Nations Security Council Resolution 403
United Nations Security Council Resolution 403, adopted on January 14, 1977, after hearing representations from the Minister of External Affairs of Botswana, the Council condemned attacks by the "illegal minority regime" in Southern Rhodesia...
(1977), 411
United Nations Security Council Resolution 411
United Nations Security Council Resolution 411, adopted unanimously on June 30, 1977, noted statements made by officials of the People's Republic of Mozambique and also expressed its concern regarding the situation created by the provocative, aggressive acts committed by the illegal minority regime...
(1977), 423
United Nations Security Council Resolution 423
In United Nations Security Council Resolution 423, adopted on March 14, 1978, after recalling its resolutions on Southern Rhodesia, particularly 415 , the Council condemned attempts by the "illegal racist regime" in Southern Rhodesia to retain power and prevent the independence of Zimbabwe...
(1978), 424
United Nations Security Council Resolution 424
United Nations Security Council Resolution 424 was adopted unanimously on March 17, 1978; after hearing representations from Zambia, the Council expressed concern at unprovoked attacks against the country by the "illegal racist regime" in Southern Rhodesia, which resulted in deaths and destruction...
(1978) and 437
United Nations Security Council Resolution 437
United Nations Security Council Resolution 437, adopted on October 10, 1978, after recalling Resolution 253 which prevented Member States from allowing those connected to the regime in Southern Rhodesia to enter their territory, the Council noted with regret the decision by the United States to...
(1978), and hearing representations from various countries, the Council expressed its concern about the military operations undertaken by the "illegal regime" against countries both bordering and non-contiguous with Southern Rhodesia
Southern Rhodesia
Southern Rhodesia was the name of the British colony situated north of the Limpopo River and the Union of South Africa. From its independence in 1965 until its extinction in 1980, it was known as Rhodesia...
. The Council was also indignant at the execution and sentences against persons under repressive laws.
Resolution 445 continued to express concern at Member States who were to send observers to the "so-called elections
Zimbabwe Rhodesia general election, 1979
The Zimbabwe Rhodesia general election of April 1979 was held under the internal settlement negotiated by the Rhodesian Front government of Ian Smith intended to provide a peaceful transition to majority rule on terms not harmful to Rhodesians of European descent...
" in April 1979, the result of which the Council would not recognise. The Council also commended Angola
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city...
, Mozambique
Mozambique
Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest...
, Zambia
Zambia
Zambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
and other states for their support for the people of Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe is a landlocked country located in the southern part of the African continent, between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. It is bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia and a tip of Namibia to the northwest and Mozambique to the east. Zimbabwe has three...
, encouraging other Member States to provide support to them.
Finally, the Council proposed to extend and widen the international sanctions
International sanctions
International sanctions are actions taken by countries against others for political reasons, either unilaterally or multilaterally.There are several types of sanctions....
against Southern Rhodesia, asking the Committee established in Resolution 253 to consider further measures and report back to the Council by March 23, 1979.
The resolution passed with 12 votes to none against, with 3 abstentions from France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
.
See also
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 401 to 500 (1976 – 1982)
- Rhodesian Bush WarRhodesian Bush WarThe Rhodesian Bush War – also known as the Second Chimurenga or the Zimbabwe War of Liberation – was a civil war which took place between July 1964 and December 1979 in the unrecognised country of Rhodesia...
- Unilateral Declaration of Independence (Rhodesia)Unilateral Declaration of Independence (Rhodesia)The Unilateral Declaration of Independence of Rhodesia from the United Kingdom was signed on November 11, 1965, by the administration of Ian Smith, whose Rhodesian Front party opposed black majority rule in the then British colony. Although it declared independence from the United Kingdom it...