Ulmus pumila var. arborea
Encyclopedia
Ulmus pumila var. arborea, sometimes called the Turkestan elm, is endemic to western Siberia
and Turkestan
. The tree was introduced to Europe by Georg Dieck in 1894 as U. pinnato-ramosa.
venation, are 4–7 cm in length, ovate
-lanceolate
, double-toothed and finely pointed. Var. arborea grows very vigorously, and can ultimately make a large tree. The tree has a straggling, untidy habit, producing long shoots 0.60–0.95 m in length.
, UK, arboretum, obtained from the Späth nursery
in Berlin
before 1914, was killed by the earlier strain of Dutch elm disease
prevalent in the 1930s.
from seed from Turkestan, the tree is still occasionally found in Europe and North America
. Introduced to Croatia
from Italy, it can be found in many places along the Croatian littoral.
A tree labelled Ulmus turkestanica in the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, was killed by Dutch Elm Disease in the 1990s; in neither foliage nor form did it resemble the nearby elm, still surviving, labelled Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, a synonym of Ulmus pumila var. arborea (see Notable Trees below).
Also introduced to Australia
, the tree was listed by nurseries there (as U. turkestanica) in the early 20th century, but it is not known whether it still survives in that country.
There are no known cultivar
s of this taxon, nor is it known to remain in commerce.
, is 45 m tall, with a crown of 34 m width http://www.northern.edu/natsource/TREESA1/Siberi1.htm. A tree planted in 1902 survives (2011) at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
.
Europe
Siberia
Siberia is an extensive region constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union from its beginning, as its predecessor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, conquered it during the 16th...
and Turkestan
Turkestan
Turkestan, spelled also as Turkistan, literally means "Land of the Turks".The term Turkestan is of Persian origin and has never been in use to denote a single nation. It was first used by Persian geographers to describe the place of Turkish peoples...
. The tree was introduced to Europe by Georg Dieck in 1894 as U. pinnato-ramosa.
Description
The tree is distinguished from U. pumila var. pumila by its greater height and more slender leaves. The leaves have pinnatePinnate
Pinnate is a term used to describe feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis in plant or animal structures, and comes from the Latin word pinna meaning "feather", "wing", or "fin". A similar term is pectinate, which refers to a comb-like arrangement of parts...
venation, are 4–7 cm in length, ovate
Leaf shape
In botany, leaf shape is characterised with the following terms :* Acicular : Slender and pointed, needle-like* Acuminate : Tapering to a long point...
-lanceolate
Leaf shape
In botany, leaf shape is characterised with the following terms :* Acicular : Slender and pointed, needle-like* Acuminate : Tapering to a long point...
, double-toothed and finely pointed. Var. arborea grows very vigorously, and can ultimately make a large tree. The tree has a straggling, untidy habit, producing long shoots 0.60–0.95 m in length.
Pests and diseases
A specimen at the Ryston Hall http://www.rystonhall.co.uk/, NorfolkNorfolk
Norfolk is a low-lying county in the East of England. It has borders with Lincolnshire to the west, Cambridgeshire to the west and southwest and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the North Sea coast and to the north-west the county is bordered by The Wash. The county...
, UK, arboretum, obtained from the Späth nursery
Späth nursery
The Späth family created one of the world's most notable plant nurseries of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The nursery had been founded in 1720 by Christoph Späth but removed to the erstwhile district of Baumschulenweg in south-east Berlin in 1863 when Franz Ludwig Späth succeeded his father...
in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
before 1914, was killed by the earlier strain of Dutch elm disease
Dutch elm disease
Dutch elm disease is a disease caused by a member of the sac fungi category, affecting elm trees which is spread by the elm bark beetle. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease has been accidentally introduced into America and Europe, where it has devastated native...
prevalent in the 1930s.
Cultivation
Originally raised by SpäthSpäth nursery
The Späth family created one of the world's most notable plant nurseries of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The nursery had been founded in 1720 by Christoph Späth but removed to the erstwhile district of Baumschulenweg in south-east Berlin in 1863 when Franz Ludwig Späth succeeded his father...
from seed from Turkestan, the tree is still occasionally found in Europe and North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
. Introduced to Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
from Italy, it can be found in many places along the Croatian littoral.
A tree labelled Ulmus turkestanica in the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, was killed by Dutch Elm Disease in the 1990s; in neither foliage nor form did it resemble the nearby elm, still surviving, labelled Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, a synonym of Ulmus pumila var. arborea (see Notable Trees below).
Also introduced to Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, the tree was listed by nurseries there (as U. turkestanica) in the early 20th century, but it is not known whether it still survives in that country.
There are no known cultivar
Cultivar
A cultivar'Cultivar has two meanings as explained under Formal definition. When used in reference to a taxon, the word does not apply to an individual plant but to all those plants sharing the unique characteristics that define the cultivar. is a plant or group of plants selected for desirable...
s of this taxon, nor is it known to remain in commerce.
Notable trees
The USA national champion tree in Detroit, MichiganMichigan
Michigan is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....
, is 45 m tall, with a crown of 34 m width http://www.northern.edu/natsource/TREESA1/Siberi1.htm. A tree planted in 1902 survives (2011) at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Originally founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies four sites across Scotland — Edinburgh,...
.
Accessions
North America- Arnold Arboretum. Acc. nos. 925-83, 698-87.
- Holden ArboretumHolden ArboretumThe Holden Arboretum, in Kirtland, Ohio, USA, is one of the largest arboretums and botanical gardens in the United States, with over 3,500 acres , 600 acres of which are devoted to collections and gardens. Diverse natural areas and ecologically sensitive habitats make up the rest of the holdings...
. Acc. no. 60-317 - New York Botanical GardenNew York Botanical Garden- See also :* Education in New York City* List of botanical gardens in the United States* List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City- External links :* official website** blog*...
. Acc. no. 1032/60
Europe
- Brighton & HoveBrighton & HoveBrighton and Hove is a unitary authority area and city on the south coast of England. It is England's most populous seaside resort.In 1997 Brighton and Hove were joined to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II as part of the millennium...
City Council, National Elm Collection http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/index.cfm?request=c1108042. Full accession details unknown. - Darmstadt University of TechnologyDarmstadt University of TechnologyThe Technische Universität Darmstadt, abbreviated TU Darmstadt, is a university in the city of Darmstadt, Germany...
Botanic Garden, DarmstadtDarmstadtDarmstadt is a city in the Bundesland of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Rhine Main Area.The sandy soils in the Darmstadt area, ill-suited for agriculture in times before industrial fertilisation, prevented any larger settlement from developing, until the city became the seat...
, GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Some accession details available http://www.biologie.uni-ulm.de/cgi-bin/query_all/details.pl?id=9961&stufe=A&typ=PFL&sid=T&lang=e&pr=nix - Hergest Croft Gardens http://www.hergest.co.uk/, KingtonKington, HerefordshireKington is a market town and civil parish in Herefordshire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 2,597.-Location:Kington is near the Wales-England border and, despite being on the western side of Offa's Dyke, has been English for over a thousand years. The town is in the...
, HerefordshireHerefordshireHerefordshire is a historic and ceremonial county in the West Midlands region of England. For Eurostat purposes it is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three counties that comprise the "Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire" NUTS 2 region. It also forms a unitary district known as the...
, UK. One tree, as U. pinnato-ramosa; no accession details available. - Royal Botanic Garden EdinburghRoyal Botanic Garden EdinburghThe Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Originally founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies four sites across Scotland — Edinburgh,...
, as U. pinnato-ramosa. Acc. nos. 19021007, 20021586 - Sir Harold Hillier GardensSir Harold Hillier GardensThe Sir Harold Hillier Gardens is an arboretum comprising 72 hectares accommodating over 42,000 trees and shrubs in about 12,000 taxa, notably a collection of oaks, camellia, magnolia and rhododendron....
, UK. Acc. no. 1977.4795, (as U. pinnata-ramosa). - Strona Arboretum http://arboretum.sggw.pl/wykaz_u.html, University of Life Sciences, WarsawWarsawWarsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
, PolandPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north... - University of CopenhagenUniversity of CopenhagenThe University of Copenhagen is the oldest and largest university and research institution in Denmark. Founded in 1479, it has more than 37,000 students, the majority of whom are female , and more than 7,000 employees. The university has several campuses located in and around Copenhagen, with the...
Botanic Garden. No details available. - University of UlmUniversity of UlmThe University of Ulm is a public university in the city of Ulm, in the South German state of Baden-Württemberg. The university was founded in 1967 and focuses on natural sciences, medicine, engineering sciences, mathematics, economics and computer science...
Botanic Garden, UlmUlmUlm is a city in the federal German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the River Danube. The city, whose population is estimated at 120,000 , forms an urban district of its own and is the administrative seat of the Alb-Donau district. Ulm, founded around 850, is rich in history and...
, GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Some accession details available http://www.biologie.uni-ulm.de/cgi-bin/query_all/details.pl?id=9961&stufe=A&typ=PFL&sid=T&lang=e&pr=nix