UANL Tigres
Encyclopedia
Tigres de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, often known only as Tigres or UANL, a Mexican
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

 football
Football (soccer)
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball...

 club that plays in the Primera División
Primera División de México
The Primera División Profesional , known simply as the Primera División, is the top level of the Mexican football league system and is administered by the Mexican Football Federation. It was established in 1943 and as of 2011 has 18 clubs. Up to June 2011, it was divided into three groups competing...

. It is one of the two professional football teams of the state of Nuevo León
Nuevo León
Nuevo León It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León has a 15 kilometer stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S...

. The team plays home games at the Estadio Universitario
Estadio Universitario
The Estadio Universitario – nicknamed El Volcán is a stadium property of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, located in its premises in San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León in Mexico.-Sports:...

, located in San Nicolás de los Garza
San Nicolás de los Garza
San Nicolás de los Garza, sometimes known only as San Nicolás, is a city and coextensive municipality in the Mexican state of Nuevo León that is part of the Monterrey Metropolitan area. It has become primarily a city for residencies and family houses, although it still has several factories that...

, a municipality in the metropolitan area of Monterrey
Monterrey
Monterrey , is the capital city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico. The city is anchor to the third-largest metropolitan area in Mexico and is ranked as the ninth-largest city in the nation. Monterrey serves as a commercial center in the north of the country and is the...

. Tigres is also the official team of the public university the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
The Autonomous University of Nuevo León is a public university with seven campuses across the Northern state of Nuevo León, Mexico. Founded as University of Nuevo León on 25 September 1933, it is the oldest and largest university in the state in terms of student population and it is currently...

.

History

(Tigers) in 1960. In 2012 will have the UNI siglas on their uniform.
  • In 1967, their venue, the Estadio Universitario
    Estadio Universitario
    The Estadio Universitario – nicknamed El Volcán is a stadium property of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, located in its premises in San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León in Mexico.-Sports:...

     was built.

  • In 1974, were Second Division Champions and therefore promoted to the First Division.

  • In 1975, became the official First Division Cup Championship.

  • In 1978, won the First Division League Championship.

  • In 1980, became League Runner up after losing to Cruz Azul.

  • In 1982, won their second First Division League Championship.

  • In 1990, became Cup runner-up, after losing to Puebla.

  • In 1996, they won their second first division cup, but were relegated to Primera División A by their arch-rival, CF Monterrey, by losing 2-1. Note that Mexico uses a percentage-based relegation system, in which the team with the worst performance percentage in three years (instead of the worst team in the season) is relegated. Tigres qualified for the play-offs in 1996 but because of the relegation they were unable to compete in the playoffs. After some negotiations, the administration of the team was given for 10 years to Sinergia Deportiva, a trust-holder run by Cemex
    Cemex
    CEMEX is the world's largest building materials supplier and third largest cement producer. Founded in Mexico in 1906, the company is based in Monterrey, Mexico...

    .

  • In 1997, after two consecutive Primera "A" championships, the team returned to the Primera Division.

  • In 2001 and 2003, the team reached the final and won, both times against Pachuca, and both times were defeated in their stadium.

  • In October 2004, Sinergia Deportiva purchased the rights to a franchise in the MISL called the Monterrey Tigres. However, due to conflicts with the previous MISL franchise the Monterrey Fury, the team elected not to complete the purchase of the team, and the MISL terminated the indoor franchise in December 2004.

  • In January 2005, Tigres became champion of the InterLiga
    InterLiga
    The InterLiga was a football competition from 2004 to 2010 between Mexican clubs to determine qualifying spots for that country in South America's premier club competition, the Copa Libertadores....

     and qualified for their first Copa Libertadores de América
    Copa Libertadores de América
    The Copa Santander Libertadores de América , known simply as the Copa Libertadores and originally known as the Copa Campeones de América , is an annual international club football competition organized by CONMEBOL since 1960...

    .

  • In Jaunuary of 2006, Tigres defeated their arch-rival CF Monterrey to win their second InterLiga, and qualified again to Copa Libertadores.

  • On August 3, 2006, Cemex
    Cemex
    CEMEX is the world's largest building materials supplier and third largest cement producer. Founded in Mexico in 1906, the company is based in Monterrey, Mexico...

    , the company who controls Tigres, celebrated its first 100 years with a match between Tigres and FC Barcelona
    FC Barcelona
    Futbol Club Barcelona , also known as Barcelona and familiarly as Barça, is a professional football club, based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain....

     in Monterrey. The game ended with the locals losing by 3-0. Syndey Balderas of Tigres scored an own-goal, Ronaldinho
    Ronaldinho
    Ronaldo de Assis Moreira , commonly known as Ronaldinho or Ronaldinho Gaúcho, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Flamengo and the Brazilian national team as an attacking midfielder or forward. He is a two-time winner of the FIFA World Player of the Year, awarded to the best player over the year...

     scored with a free kick and later passed to Eiður Guðjohnsen
    Eiður Guðjohnsen
    Eiður Smári Guðjohnsen is an Icelandic footballer who currently plays for AEK Athens F.C. in the Superleague Greece. He has previously played for Premier League club Chelsea and FC Barcelona of Spain, having made his name with Bolton Wanderers. He was the captain of the Iceland national team until...

     for a third goal.

  • On July 19, 2008, Tigres U.A.N.L. played against Atletico de Madrid as their official presentation for the Apertura 2008 tournament. Atletico de Madrid opened the score with goals from John Heitinga and Diego Forlan for a sturdy 2-0 in favor of the Spanish side. Tigres responded well to this for Blas Peres and Manuel Viniegra tied the game 2-2.

  • On 5-August-2009, Tigres won the North American SuperLiga 2009
    North American SuperLiga 2009
    -Group B:---------------------Semifinals:-----Final:-Bracket:-Goalscorers:-External links:*...

     against the Chicago Fire in Bridgeview, a suburb of Chicago.

  • In 2010, Santiago Martinez Presided over the Team's worst season. On March 27, 2010, after their 7th loss in the season, and with only 25% effectiveness, the Stadium chanted "Fuera Guzmán", or "Out with" coach Daniel Guzmán. The event caused a embarrassing fist-fight between fans that opposed Guzmán and those who supported the club's administration (with rumors that the supporters were paid by management and started the fight).

Anthem

Throughout the years, Tigres has been represented by different songs. The club anthem is played in an informal manner every time Tigres plays, and it is also played on local radio programs that cover Tigres games or are about football in Monterrey
Monterrey
Monterrey , is the capital city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico. The city is anchor to the third-largest metropolitan area in Mexico and is ranked as the ninth-largest city in the nation. Monterrey serves as a commercial center in the north of the country and is the...

, and talk about Tigres.

The current anthem was written and composed in 1996 by José Antonio "Tony" Villegas, and produced by Santiago Yturria. This is the newest Tigres anthem, created when the team was ceded. A hip-hop remix of the anthem has also been created since.

This anthem is different from past anthems because it glorifies attributes and values that are popularly related to the city of Monterrey
Monterrey
Monterrey , is the capital city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico. The city is anchor to the third-largest metropolitan area in Mexico and is ranked as the ninth-largest city in the nation. Monterrey serves as a commercial center in the north of the country and is the...

 or the State
States of Mexico
The United Mexican States is a federal republic formed by 32 federal entities .According to the Constitution of 1917, the states of the federation are free and sovereign. Each state has their own congress and constitution, while the Federal District has only limited autonomy with a local Congress...

 of Nuevo León
Nuevo León
Nuevo León It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León has a 15 kilometer stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S...

, and relates those values to the team. Some of these values include hard work, dedication to a common goal, unity, strength, the value of the locality, positive example to children.

Nickname

The nickname "Tigres", which means "Tiger
Tiger
The tiger is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to and weighing up to . Their most recognizable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with lighter underparts...

s", originates from the University's sporting history. The first sports team from the UANL was an American Football team called "Cachorros" (or cubs). In 1947 they won a key match against the "Black Cats", an undefeated side, and a journalist from El Norte
El Norte (Monterrey)
- History :During the decades of 1970s, 1980s and 1990s The North gained important successes in exposing corruption in government. Due to its principles of independent journalism, the federal government cut the paper to print the paper, so the company had to import it directly...

 wrote that the team had played less like cubs and more like Tigers, and since then teams from the University have had the nickname.

Rivalries

There are a number of matches which the media, or the rivals, regard as special matches for Tigres. However, Tigres fans consider the Clásico Regiomontano
Clásico Regiomontano
Clásico Regiomontano is a football derby in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, between crosstown rival teams Monterrey and UANL.Since the first Clásico in 1974, the two teams have competed 91 times for bragging rights and city honour...

 to be their only true derby. Following, is a list of matches that are called "special" or "classic" by the media:
  • Tigres de la UANL vs. CF Monterrey
This is the authentic Clásico Regiomontano
Clásico Regiomontano
Clásico Regiomontano is a football derby in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, between crosstown rival teams Monterrey and UANL.Since the first Clásico in 1974, the two teams have competed 91 times for bragging rights and city honour...

 derby. On every Clásico, the Stadium is sold out before tickets even go on sell to the public in booths. In the history of Clásicos, Tigres is the better team with 31 victories, and 29 defeats. Tied games are 24. One game was suspended.
  • Tigres de la UANL vs. Universidad Nacional
Because the Tigres, representing the University of Nuevo León, and the Pumas, representing the UNAM, National University of Mexico, represent the two most prestigious public universities in Mexico, this game is sometimes called the "University Derby", or "Clásico Universitario". It is of note that both teams' are represented by two large feline predators (one being the tiger and the other being the puma).

Fans

Tigres
Tigres
Tigres may refer to:In sports:* Tigres de Quintana Roo, Mexican League baseball team* Tigres del Licey, Dominican League baseball team* Tigres de la UANL, Mexican football teamOther uses:* Los Tigres del Norte, Mexican norteño band...

 have a large and loyal fanbase concentrated in the state of Nuevo Leon
Nuevo León
Nuevo León It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León has a 15 kilometer stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S...

 and Northeastern Mexico.There fans are called "Libres y Locos", spanish for "Free and Crazy".

2005

In January 2005, the team won the InterLiga
InterLiga
The InterLiga was a football competition from 2004 to 2010 between Mexican clubs to determine qualifying spots for that country in South America's premier club competition, the Copa Libertadores....

 Championship in Houston, Texas
Texas
Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...

. With this, they qualified for the prestigious Copa Libertadores de América
Copa Libertadores de América
The Copa Santander Libertadores de América , known simply as the Copa Libertadores and originally known as the Copa Campeones de América , is an annual international club football competition organized by CONMEBOL since 1960...

. This was the first time the team qualified to any international tournament.

The Tigres adventure in the Libertadores included their first ever game in that tournament against Alianza Lima
Alianza Lima
Club Alianza Lima is a Peruvian First Division football club who plays at the Estadio Alejandro Villanueva in the La Victoria District of Lima, Peru. They are one of the most famous and well supported clubs in the country and the oldest team in the Peruvian First Division.Alianza enjoyed success...

 in Peru
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....

 on February 15, 2005 (away, score: 0-0) and May 3, 2005 (home, score: 0-0). Their first ever win on the tournament, on February 23, 2005, against Caracas FC
Caracas Fútbol Club
Caracas Fútbol Club is a Venezuelan football team based in Caracas. The club has won eleven First Division titles making it the most successful in Venezuelan football history....

, from Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...

 (home, score: 3-1), and on April 13, 2005 (away, score: 2-5). This last game is the biggest-scoring game the team has had in its history on the tournament.

In the same group was also the Club Atlético Banfield
Club Atlético Banfield
Club Atlético Banfield is an Argentine sports club located in the city of Banfield, part of Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires province. Founded on 21 January 1896 by residents of the town of British origin , its main activity is football...

. Tigres confronted them on March 15 (home, score: 2-2) and on April 6, 2005 (away, score: 0-3).

The Tigres qualifyied (along with Banfield
Club Atlético Banfield
Club Atlético Banfield is an Argentine sports club located in the city of Banfield, part of Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires province. Founded on 21 January 1896 by residents of the town of British origin , its main activity is football...

) into the next stage, where they met against previous year champion colombia
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

n team Once Caldas
Once Caldas
Corporación Deportiva Once Caldas is a Colombian association football team, based in Manizales. They were the surprise winners of Copa Libertadores de América in 2004, mainly due to the performances of Juan Carlos Henao and Jhon Viáfara...

. On May 19, 2005, both teams tied (away, score: 1-1) and then, Tigres won on the second game on May 26, 2005 (home, score: 2-1) thus qualifying to quarterfinals against São Paulo
São Paulo Futebol Clube
São Paulo Futebol Clube , commonly known as São Paulo, is a professional football club based in São Paulo, Brazil. They play in the Campeonato Paulista, São Paulo's state league, and the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A or Brasileirão, Brazil's national league, and are one of the only five clubs to...

, who later went on to become champion, and who only lost a match in this tournament against this team.

On Quarterfinals, the first game on June 1, 2005 was lost (away, score: 0-4) and the next game on June 15, 2005 was won (home, score: 2-1). The aggregate score was 5-2 against, and the team was eliminated from the championship.

In summary, UANL Tigres won 5 games, tied 4 and lost one, and ended 5th.

With Tigres, Hugo Sánchez
Hugo Sánchez Guerrero
Hugo Sánchez Guerrero is a Mexican footballer. Currently he is playing for Correcaminos UAT on loan from Jaguares de Chiapas....

 became the first person born in Monterrey
Monterrey
Monterrey , is the capital city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico. The city is anchor to the third-largest metropolitan area in Mexico and is ranked as the ninth-largest city in the nation. Monterrey serves as a commercial center in the north of the country and is the...

 to ever score in the tournament.

2006

After defeating their arch-rival, Club de Fútbol Monterrey
Club de Fútbol Monterrey
The Club de Fútbol Monterrey is a Mexican football club from Monterrey, Nuevo León, and the current champion of the CONCACAF Champions League. Founded on June 28, 1945, it is the oldest active team in the professional division from the northern part of Mexico....

, at the Home Depot Center in California, Tigres won their second consecutive Interliga and became the first Mexican team to qualify to two consecutive Copa Libertadores de América
Copa Libertadores de América
The Copa Santander Libertadores de América , known simply as the Copa Libertadores and originally known as the Copa Campeones de América , is an annual international club football competition organized by CONMEBOL since 1960...

.

In this edition, Tigres faced the Universidad Católica
Club Deportivo Universidad Católica
Club Deportivo Universidad Católica is a professional football club based in Santiago, Chile, which plays in the Primera División.Universidad Católica is one of the most successful and popular football clubs in Chile and considered one of the three "big teams"...

 from Chile
Chile
Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...

, the Corinthians
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, commonly just known as Corinthians , is a Brazilian football club based in the city of São Paulo. They play in the São Paulo state league, as well as the Brasileirão, Brazil's top national league...

, from Brazil, and Deportivo Cali
Deportivo Cali
Asociación Deportivo Cali is a Colombian sports club based in Cali, Colombia. Mostly known for its football team, it also sponsors basketball, volleyball and swimming...

, of Colombia
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

.

This was a tougher group stage than they had last year, and was one of the toughest in the tournament. However, Tigres qualifyied for the next round, but only by goal-difference advantage, and after a last minute goal by Carlos Ramírez
Carlos Ramírez
Carlos Alberto Ramírez Castillo is a Mexican footballer. He plays for Deportivo Irapuato, wearing #13. He is nicknamed "Tin-Tan" because of an apparent physical likeness to the Mexican actor....

.

Because of its intensity, this group staged produced a lot of memorable games, particularly against Universidad Católica and against Corinthians at home and away. Tigres ended second in the group due to goal difference advantage, in a last minute goal against U. Católica, and so qualified again for playoffs.

However, they were eliminated in the round of sixteen. Tigres played Libertad
Club Libertad
Club Libertad is a sports club based in the District Tuyucuá of the city of Asuncion, capital of Paraguay. It was founded on July 30, 1905 and currently plays in the Paraguayan Primera División...

 of Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...

 on April 27, 2006 and again on May 4, 2006. The matches ended 0-0, and Tigres were eliminated on penalty kicks (5-3).

In summary, Tigres played 8 games, and produced 3 wins, 3 ties, and two defeats.

This performance at the beginning was considerably lacking, and it produced its first penalty kicks experience in Copa Libertadores.

2012

After finishing 3rd in the Apertura 2011 Tournament, they will return after a 6 year absence to the 2012 edition
2012 Copa Libertadores
The 2012 Copa Libertadores de América will be the 53rd edition of the Copa Libertadores, CONMEBOL's premier international club tournament. The winner will play in the 2013 Recopa Sudamericana and the best-placed non-Mexican team will play in the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup...

, playing in the first stage.

Domestic League

  • Primera División de México
    Primera División de México
    The Primera División Profesional , known simply as the Primera División, is the top level of the Mexican football league system and is administered by the Mexican Football Federation. It was established in 1943 and as of 2011 has 18 clubs. Up to June 2011, it was divided into three groups competing...

    : 2
1977-1978, 1981-1982

  • Copa México
    Copa México
    The Copa México was a Mexican football cup competition that existed from 1907 to 1997. It consisted of both professional and amateur stages. It was the first official tournament that included teams from different parts of Mexico, and it was an important and prestigious tournament, especially during...

    : 2
1975-1976, 1995-1996

  • Primera Division "A" 2
Invierno 1996, Verano 1997

  • Segunda División: 1
1974

  • Interliga
    InterLiga
    The InterLiga was a football competition from 2004 to 2010 between Mexican clubs to determine qualifying spots for that country in South America's premier club competition, the Copa Libertadores....

    : 2
2005, 2006

  • Mexico's Under-20 Tournament: 1
2009-10

International

  • SuperLiga
    North American SuperLiga
    The SuperLiga was an official North American association football competition between teams from the Primera División of Mexico and Major League Soccer of the United States and Canada, the top divisions in each country. The competition was sanctioned by CONCACAF, U.S...

    : 1
2009

Friendly Tournaments

  • Rio Grande Plate
    Rio Grande Plate
    The Rio Grande Plate is a competition between Tigres and FC Dallas. The winner receives a plate to be awarded each year to the winner of the total aggregate goals difference between the teams in a home-and-away series....

    : 2
2007, 2008

  • Serie Mundial de Futbol: 1
2007

  • Copa Chiapas: 1
2008

Current squad

For recent transfers, see List of Mexican Football Transfers Summer 2011.
Current squad as of August 17, 2011
(Team Vice-Captain)
(Team Captain)

Retired numbers

7  Gerónimo Barbadillo
Gerónimo Barbadillo
Gerónimo Barbadillo González is a former Peruvian football player who played for UANL Tigres in Mexico, and for Avellino and Udinese in Italian Serie A. He also played with the Peruvian national team in the 1982 FIFA World Cup...

, midfielder
Midfielder
A midfielder is an association football position. Some midfielders play a more defensive role, while others blur the boundaries between midfielders and forwards. The number of midfielders a team uses during a match may vary, depending on the team's formation and each individual player's role...

 (1977–82)

12  Club Supporters (the 12th Man)
12th Man (football)
The 12th man or 12th player is a term used to describe the fans within a stadium during association football or American football games. This term has a different meaning in cricket, referring to the first substitute player who fields when a member of the fielding side is injured...


Notable players

  • For all players with a Wikipedia article see: :Category:UANL Tigres players.

Top goalscorers

Néstor Silvera (16 Goals in Clausura 2004) Walter Gaitan
Walter Gaitán
Walter Nicolás Gaitán Sayavedra is an Argentine footballer who currently plays for Atlético de Rafaela.-Argentina and Spain:...

 (11 Goals in Apertura 2005)

Sponsorship

  • Official shirt sponsors - Cemex
    Cemex
    CEMEX is the world's largest building materials supplier and third largest cement producer. Founded in Mexico in 1906, the company is based in Monterrey, Mexico...

     (Cemento Monterrey
    Cemex
    CEMEX is the world's largest building materials supplier and third largest cement producer. Founded in Mexico in 1906, the company is based in Monterrey, Mexico...

    ), Powerade
    Powerade
    Powerade is a sports drink manufactured and marketed by The Coca-Cola Company. First introduced in 1988, its primary competitor is PepsiCo's Gatorade...

    , The Home Depot
    The Home Depot
    The Home Depot is an American retailer of home improvement and construction products and services.The Home Depot operates 2,248 big-box format stores across the United States , Canada , Mexico and China, with a 12-store chain...

    , Carta Blanca
    Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery
    Cuauhtémoc-Moctezuma Brewery is a major brewery based in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico, founded in 1890...

    , Telcel
    Telcel
    Telcel is Mexico's largest mobile phone carrier, owned by América Móvil. Founded in 1989 and based in Mexico City, Telcel is the leading provider of wireless communications services in Mexico. As of December 31, 2006, Telcel's cellular network covered more than 63% of the geographical area of...

    ' Banamex
  • Official shirt manufacturer - Adidas
    Adidas
    Adidas AG is a German sports apparel manufacturer and parent company of the Adidas Group, which consists of the Reebok sportswear company, TaylorMade-Adidas golf company , and Rockport...

  • Official Beer - Carta Blanca
    Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery
    Cuauhtémoc-Moctezuma Brewery is a major brewery based in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico, founded in 1890...

  • Official Sports Drink - Powerade
    Powerade
    Powerade is a sports drink manufactured and marketed by The Coca-Cola Company. First introduced in 1988, its primary competitor is PepsiCo's Gatorade...


External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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