Tubular fluid - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Tubular fluid is the fluid in the tubules of the kidney

Kidney

The kidneys, organs with several functions, serve essential regulatory roles in most animals, including vertebrates and some invertebrates. They are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid–base balance, and...

. It starts as a renal ultrafiltrate

Ultrafiltration (renal)

In biological terms, ultrafiltration occurs at the barrier between the blood and the filtrate in the renal corpuscle or Bowman's capsule in the kidneys. The Bowman's capsule contains a dense capillary network called the glomerulus. Blood flows into these capillaries through a wide afferent...

in the glomerulus

Glomerulus

A glomerulus is a capillary tuft that is involved in the first step of filtering blood to form urine.A glomerulus is surrounded by Bowman's capsule, the beginning component of nephrons in the vertebrate kidney. A glomerulus receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole of the renal...

, changes composition through the nephron

Nephron

The renal tubule is the portion of the nephron containing the tubular fluid filtered through the glomerulus. After passing through the renal tubule, the filtrate continues to the collecting duct system, which is not part of the nephron....

, and ends up as urine

Urine

Urine is a typically sterile liquid by-product of the body that is secreted by the kidneys through a process called urination and excreted through the urethra. Cellular metabolism generates numerous by-products, many rich in nitrogen, that require elimination from the bloodstream...

leaving through the ureter

Ureter

In human anatomy, the ureters are muscular tubes that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. In the adult, the ureters are usually long and ~3-4 mm in diameter....

Composition table

The composition of tubular fluid changes throughout the nephron, from the proximal tubule

Proximal tubule

The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle.-Structure and appearance:...

to the collecting duct:

Concentration (mM) of substances in different segments of nephron and collecting duct system
Collecting duct system
The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that connect the nephrons to the ureter. It participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.There are several...
Substance	proximal tubule Proximal tubule The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle.-Structure and appearance:...			loop of Henle Loop of Henle In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. Named after its discoverer F. G. J...			Distal convoluted tubule Distal convoluted tubule The distal convoluted tubule is a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system.- Physiology :It is partly responsible for the regulation of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH...	Collecting duct system Collecting duct system The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that connect the nephrons to the ureter. It participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.There are several...
Substance	S1	S2	S3	descending limb Descending limb of loop of Henle The descending limb of loop of Henle is the portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle.-Physiology:The permeability is as follows:...	thin ascending limb Thin ascending limb of loop of Henle The thin ascending limb of loop of Henle is a sub-portion of the loop of Henle in the juxtamedullary nephron of the kidney. The thin ascending limb is impermeable to water, and is also permeable to ions in particular Na and Cl...	thick ascending limb Thick ascending limb of loop of Henle The thick ascending limb of loop of Henle also known as distal straight tubule, is a segment of the nephron in the kidney. It can be divided into two parts: that in the renal medulla, and that in the renal cortex.-Medullary thick ascending limb:...		connecting tubule Connecting tubule In the kidney, the collecting tubule is a tubular segment of the renal collecting duct system that connects the distal convoluted tubule to the cortical collecting duct.-Classification:...	initial collecting tubule	cortical collecting ducts	medullary collecting ducts
Na⁺ Sodium Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal and is a member of the alkali metals; its only stable isotope is 23Na. It is an abundant element that exists in numerous minerals, most commonly as sodium chloride...	142		142			100	70			40

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