Traugott Sandmeyer
Encyclopedia
Traugott Sandmeyer was a Swiss
chemist
after whom the Sandmeyer reaction
, which he discovered 1884, was named. He became a professor of organic chemistry, although he never graduated with a degree in chemistry.
, studying to become a precision mechanic. His friend, J. Gustav Schmidt, studied chemistry at the Polytechnikum of Zurich (ETH)
, and their cooperation in conducting experiments led to Sandmeyer's close contact with chemistry.
In 1882 Sandmeyer was made a chemistry lecturer at the ETH by Viktor Meyer
. Meyer and Sandmeyer collaborated in studying the synthesis of thiophen, which Meyer had discovered earlier. When Meyer moved to the University of Göttingen, Sandmeyer followed, but then returned to Zürich after a year to work with Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch
.
Sandmeyer began his career in industry in 1888 with Johann Rudolf Geigy-Merian, who was the owner of the chemical factory J. R. Geigy & Cie (later Ciba Geigy, now Novartis
). Sandmeyer was involved in the development of several dyes and invented a new synthesis for indigo
.
He also worked on the synthesis of isatin
.
The syntheses are named in his honor Sandmeyer isonitrosoacetanilide isatin synthesis(1919) and Sandmeyer diphenylurea isatin synthesis(1903)
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
chemist
Chemist
A chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...
after whom the Sandmeyer reaction
Sandmeyer reaction
The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts. It is named after the Swiss chemist Traugott Sandmeyer....
, which he discovered 1884, was named. He became a professor of organic chemistry, although he never graduated with a degree in chemistry.
Life
Sandmeyer was born as the last of seven children and attended school in AarauAarau
Aarau is the capital of the northern Swiss canton of Aargau. The city is also the capital of the district of Aarau. It is German-speaking and predominantly Protestant. Aarau is situated on the Swiss plateau, in the valley of the Aar, on the river's right bank, and at the southern foot of the Jura...
, studying to become a precision mechanic. His friend, J. Gustav Schmidt, studied chemistry at the Polytechnikum of Zurich (ETH)
ETH Zurich
The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich or ETH Zürich is an engineering, science, technology, mathematics and management university in the City of Zurich, Switzerland....
, and their cooperation in conducting experiments led to Sandmeyer's close contact with chemistry.
In 1882 Sandmeyer was made a chemistry lecturer at the ETH by Viktor Meyer
Viktor Meyer
Viktor Meyer was a German chemist and significant contributor to both organic and inorganic chemistry. He is best known for inventing an apparatus for determining vapour densities, the Viktor Meyer apparatus, and for discovering thiophene, a heterocyclic compound...
. Meyer and Sandmeyer collaborated in studying the synthesis of thiophen, which Meyer had discovered earlier. When Meyer moved to the University of Göttingen, Sandmeyer followed, but then returned to Zürich after a year to work with Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch
Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch
Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch , was a German chemist.-Life and work:Hantzsch studied chemistry in Dresden and graduated at the University of Würzburg under Johannes Wislicenus...
.
Sandmeyer began his career in industry in 1888 with Johann Rudolf Geigy-Merian, who was the owner of the chemical factory J. R. Geigy & Cie (later Ciba Geigy, now Novartis
Novartis
Novartis International AG is a multinational pharmaceutical company based in Basel, Switzerland, ranking number three in sales among the world-wide industry...
). Sandmeyer was involved in the development of several dyes and invented a new synthesis for indigo
Indigo dye
Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color . Historically, indigo was a natural dye extracted from plants, and this process was important economically because blue dyes were once rare. Nearly all indigo dye produced today — several thousand tons each year — is synthetic...
.
He also worked on the synthesis of isatin
Isatin
Isatin or 1H-indole-2,3-dione is an indole derivative. The compound was first obtained by Erdman and Laurent in 1841 as a product from the oxidation of indigo dye by nitric acid and chromic acids...
.
The syntheses are named in his honor Sandmeyer isonitrosoacetanilide isatin synthesis(1919) and Sandmeyer diphenylurea isatin synthesis(1903)