Transcript (education)
Encyclopedia
In education, a transcript is an inventory of the courses taken and grades earned of a student throughout a course.
education
, a transcript (Cumulative Record File, CRF, Permanent Record, or simply Record) is a copy of a student
's permanent academic record which usually means all course
s taken, all grade
s received, all honor
s received and degree
s conferred to a student. A transcript may also contain the number of people in a class, and the average grade of the class. An official transcript is prepared and sent by the issuing school (usually by the Student Registrary
or an equivalent) with an original signature of a school official. When students are thinking about changing schools, the cumulative transcripts usually get mailed from school to school. Transcripts usually consist of grades 9-12 when applying to colleges.
, transcripts are called Transcript of Records (ToR), and are used to document the performance of a student over a certain period of time by listing the course units or modules taken, the credits gained, and the grades awarded. The Transcript of Records provides a standard format for recording all study activities carried out by students. It is an essential tool for academic recognition.
United States
In United StatesUnited States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
education
Education
Education in its broadest, general sense is the means through which the aims and habits of a group of people lives on from one generation to the next. Generally, it occurs through any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts...
, a transcript (Cumulative Record File, CRF, Permanent Record, or simply Record) is a copy of a student
Student
A student is a learner, or someone who attends an educational institution. In some nations, the English term is reserved for those who attend university, while a schoolchild under the age of eighteen is called a pupil in English...
's permanent academic record which usually means all course
Course (education)
The very broad dictionary meaning of the word course is the act or action of moving in a path from point to point . There are multiple meanings for this word, some of which include: general line of orientation, a mode of action, part of a meal, a mode of action, and many more. This article focuses...
s taken, all grade
Grade (education)
Grades are standardized measurements of varying levels of comprehension within a subject area. Grades can be assigned in letters , as a range , as a number out of a possible total , as descriptors , in percentages, or, as is common in some post-secondary...
s received, all honor
Latin honors
Latin honors are Latin phrases used to indicate the level of academic distinction with which an academic degree was earned. This system is primarily used in the United States, Canada, and in many countries of continental Europe, though some institutions also use the English translation of these...
s received and degree
Academic degree
An academic degree is a position and title within a college or university that is usually awarded in recognition of the recipient having either satisfactorily completed a prescribed course of study or having conducted a scholarly endeavour deemed worthy of his or her admission to the degree...
s conferred to a student. A transcript may also contain the number of people in a class, and the average grade of the class. An official transcript is prepared and sent by the issuing school (usually by the Student Registrary
Registrar (academic)
In education outside the United Kingdom, a registrar or registrary is an official in an academic institution who handles student records. Typically, a registrar processes registration requests, schedules classes and maintains class lists, enforces the rules for entering or leaving classes, and...
or an equivalent) with an original signature of a school official. When students are thinking about changing schools, the cumulative transcripts usually get mailed from school to school. Transcripts usually consist of grades 9-12 when applying to colleges.
European Union
In the European ECTS systemEuropean Credit Transfer and Accumulation System
This page describes ECTS-credits. For information about the ECTS grading system go to ECTS grading scale.European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System is a standard for comparing the study attainment and performance of students of higher education across the European Union and other...
, transcripts are called Transcript of Records (ToR), and are used to document the performance of a student over a certain period of time by listing the course units or modules taken, the credits gained, and the grades awarded. The Transcript of Records provides a standard format for recording all study activities carried out by students. It is an essential tool for academic recognition.